A systematic comparison of roundtrip software engineering approaches

Model-based software engineering contemplates several software development approaches in which models play an important role. One such approach is round-trip engineering. Very briefly, round-trip engineering is code generation from models, and models are updated whenever a code change occurs. The objective of this dissertation is to benchmark the comparative analysis of the round-trip engineering capability of the UML, Papyrus, Modelio and Visual Paradigm modeling tools. In more detailed terms, the work will focus on evaluating tools to automatically or semi-automatically support round-trip engineering processes for each selected diagram. Collaterally, this dissertation will allow us to gain insight into the current round-trip engineering landscape, establishing the state-of-the-art UML modeling tool support for this approach. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of the round-trip engineering capabilities of the tools show that the Papyrus, Modeling and Visual Paradigm tools yielded satisfactory results by applying the Reverse and Forward Engineering scenarios without changing the models and codes but applying the Round-trip engineering scenario with changes in model and code presented results with some gaps in model and code coherence. It was concluded that they arose because the semantic definition of the models was done informally. The conclusions drawn throughout the dissertation will answer the questions: How effective are current code generation tools for documenting application evolution? Where will it support the decision made? objectives and will support the recommendations of the best tools that address the round-trip engineering method.A engenharia de software baseada em modelo contempla várias abordagens de desenvolvimento de software nas quais os modelos desempenham um papel importante. Uma dessas abordagens é a Round-trip engineering. Muito brevemente, a Round-trip engineering é a geração de código a partir de modelos, e os modelos são atualizado sempre que ocorre uma alteração no código. O objetivo desta dissertação é a realização de um benchmarking da análise comparativa da capacidade de Round-trip engineering das ferramentas de modelação UML, Papyrus, Modelio e Visual Paradigm. Em termos mais detalhados, o trabalho se concentrará na avaliação de ferramentas para dar suporte automático ou semiautomático a processos de Round-trip engineering (engenharia direta e engenharia reversa) para cada diagrama selecionado. Colateralmente, esta dissertação permitirá alcançar uma visão do panorama atual da Round-trip engineering, estabelecendo o estado da arte do suporte de ferramentas de modelação em UML à dita abordagem. A analise qualitativa e quantitativamente da capacidade de Round-trip engineering das ferramentas mostro que, as ferramentas Papiro, Modelagem e Paradigma Visual apresentaram resultados satisfatórios aplicando os cenários de Reverse e Forward Engineering sem alterar os modelos e códigos e com alterações, mas aplicando o cenário Round-trip engineering com alterações nos modelo e código apresentaram resultados com algumas lacunas nomeadamente na coerência dos modelos e código. Concluiu-se que as mesmas surgiram por causa da definição semântica dos modelos ser feita de forma informal. As conclusões tiradas ao longo do trabalho respondera as perguntas: Qual a eficácia das ferramentas atuais de geração de código para documentar a evolução dos aplicativos? Onde apoiará a decisão tomada? que foram definidas nos objetivos e apoiarão as recomendações das melhores ferramentas que aborda o método Round-trip engineering

Prediction of Three-body B0→ρ−pnˉ,π−pnˉB^0\to \rho^-p\bar{n}, \pi^-p\bar{n} Decay Rates

We predict the rates of the charmless three-body $B^0\to \rho^-p\bar{n}$ and $\pi^-p\bar{n}$ modes due to weak vector current contributions to be $\sim 4\times 10^{-6}$ and $2\times 10^{-6}$, respectively. The basis is a factorization approach of current produced nucleon pairs, together with an isospin transformation that relates nucleon weak vector form factors to electromagnetic form factors. Adding the axial vector current contribution, we find $B^0\to \rho^-p\bar{n}$ and $B^+\to \rho^0p\bar{n}$ to be at $10^{-5}$ order. The three-body modes appear to dominate over the two-body modes such as $B\to p\bar{p}$, $p\bar \Lambda$.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figures. Version to appear in Phys. Lett.

The innovation of cotton fiber from recycled cloth as coloring agent for polypropylene via injection moulding

Plastics can be coloured in many different ways. In the present application, the colouring agent that is used in the plastic industries are the dyes and pigments. Both methods are sustantially different and produce specific results. Dyes are defined as colourants that are (completely) soluble in a polymer at the processing temperature. Pigments are organic or inorganic solid particles that are insoluble in polymers..

The Study on Urban Sprawl in the Context of China’s Rapid Urbanization

城市化主要是指农村居民向城市生活方式的转化过程，反映在城市人口增加、城市建成区扩展、景观和社会以及生活方式的城市环境形成。从本质上看，城市蔓延是一种过度的城市空间增长形式。城市空间的蔓延式增长，已经导致了大量耕地流失、土地利用低效、生态破坏、交通状况恶化等问题，因此引起了不少学者的高度关注。在当前快速城市化和体制转型的背景下，了解我国城市蔓延的现状、探讨我国城市蔓延的发生机理，进而提出合理的调控措施，是一个很有价值的课题。 本文在梳理城市蔓延的概念和特征的基础上，着重研究城市蔓延的测度以及机理问题，以全国地级及以上城市作为分析对象，采用市辖区人口数量与建成区面积数据来定量分析我国2002-2...Urbanization mainly refers to the transformation process of rural residents towards the city lifestyle, which reflects the formation of urban environment in the increase of city population, city extension, landscape, society and lifestyle. In essence, the urban sprawl is a form of excessive urban spatial growth. The spread of urban spatial growth, has led to a large number of cultivated land loss,...学位：经济学硕士院系专业：经济研究所_区域经济学学号：2902012115207

Cluster of galaxies around seven radio-loud QSOs at 1<z<1.6: K-band images

We have conducted a NIR study of the environments of seven radio-loud quasars at redshifts 1<z<1.6. In present paper we describe deep $K$ band images obtained for the fields of ~6X6 arcmin around the quasars with 3$\sigma$ limiting magnitudes of K~20.5. These fields were previously studied using deep B and R band images (Sanchez & Gonzalez-Serrano 1999). Using together optical and NIR data, it has been found a significant excess of galaxies which optical-NIR colours, luminosity, spatial scale, and number of galaxies are compatible with clusters at the redshift of the quasar. We have selected a sample of cluster candidates analyzing the R-K vs. K diagram. A ~25% of the candidates present red optical-NIR colours and an ultraviolet excess. This population has been also found in clusters around quasars at the same redshifts (Tanaka et al. 2000; Haines et al. 2001). These galaxies seem to follow a mixed evolution: a main passive evolution plus late starformation processes. The quasars do not inhabit the core of the clusters, being found in the outer regions. This result agrees with the hypothesis that the origin/feeding mechanism of the nuclear activity were merging processes. The quasars inhabit the region were a collision is most probably to produce a merger.Comment: 15 pages. A&A, accepted for publishin