5 research outputs found
A generic architecture and dialogue model for multimodal interaction
This paper presents a generic architecture and a dialogue model for multimodal interaction. Architecture and model are transparent and have been used for different task domains. In this paper the emphasis is on their use for the navigation task in a virtual environment. The dialogue model is based on the information state approach and the recognition of dialogue acts. We explain how pairs of backward and forward looking tags and the preference rules of the dialogue act determiner together determine the structure of the dialogues that can be handled by the system. The system action selection mechanism and the problem of reference resolution are discussed in detail
Contributions of formal language theory to the study of dialogues
For more than 30 years, the problem of providing a formal framework for modeling dialogues has been a topic of great interest for the scientific areas of Linguistics, Philosophy, Cognitive Science, Formal Languages, Software Engineering and Artificial Intelligence. In the beginning the goal was to develop a "conversational computer", an automated system that could engage in a conversation in the same way as humans do. After studies showed the difficulties of achieving this goal Formal Language Theory and Artificial Intelligence have contributed to Dialogue Theory with the study and simulation of machine to machine and human to machine dialogues inspired by Linguistic studies of human interactions. The aim of our thesis is to propose a formal approach for the study of dialogues. Our work is an interdisciplinary one that connects theories and results in Dialogue Theory mainly from Formal Language Theory, but also from another areas like Artificial Intelligence, Linguistics and Multiprogramming. We contribute to Dialogue Theory by introducing a hierarchy of formal frameworks for the definition of protocols for dialogue interaction. Each framework defines a transition system in which dialogue protocols might be uniformly expressed and compared. The frameworks we propose are based on finite state transition systems and Grammar systems from Formal Language Theory and a multi-agent language for the specification of dialogue protocols from Artificial Intelligence. Grammar System Theory is a subfield of Formal Language Theory that studies how several (a finite number) of language defining devices (language processors or grammars) jointly develop a common symbolic environment (a string or a finite set of strings) by the application of language operations (for instance rewriting rules). For the frameworks we propose we study some of their formal properties, we compare their expressiveness, we investigate their practical application in Dialogue Theory and we analyze their connection with theories of human-like conversation from Linguistics. In addition we contribute to Grammar System Theory by proposing a new approach for the verification and derivation of Grammar systems. We analyze possible advantages of interpreting grammars as multiprograms that are susceptible of verification and derivation using the Owicki-Gries logic, a Hoare-based logic from the Multiprogramming field
Desarrollo y evaluación de diferentes metodologÃas para la gestión automática del diálogo
El objetivo principal de la tesis que se presenta es el estudio y
desarrollo de diferentes metodologÃas para la gestión del diálogo
en sistemas de diálogo hablado. El principal reto planteado en la
tesis reside en el desarrollo de metodologÃas puramente
estadÃsticas para la gestión del diálogo, basadas en el
aprendizaje de un modelo a partir de un corpus de diálogos
etiquetados. En este campo, se presentan diferentes aproximaciones
para realizar la gestión, la mejora del modelo estadÃstico y la
evaluación del sistema del diálogo.
Para la implementación práctica de estas metodologÃas, en el
ámbito de una tarea especÃfica, ha sido necesaria la adquisición y
etiquetado de un corpus de diálogos. El hecho de disponer de un
gran corpus de diálogos ha facilitado el aprendizaje y evaluación
del modelo de gestión desarrollado. Asà mismo, se ha implementado
un sistema de diálogo completo, que permite evaluar el
funcionamiento práctico de las metodologÃas de gestión en
condiciones reales de uso.
Para evaluar las técnicas de gestión del diálogo se proponen
diferentes aproximaciones: la evaluación mediante usuarios reales;
la evaluación con el corpus adquirido, en el cual se han definido
unas particiones de entrenamiento y prueba; y la utilización de
técnicas de simulación de
usuarios. El simulador de usuario desarrollado
permite modelizar de forma estadÃstica el proceso completo del
diálogo. En la aproximación que se presenta, tanto la obtención de
la respuesta del sistema como la generación del turno de usuario
se modelizan como un problema de clasificación, para el que se
codifica como entrada un conjunto de variables que representan el
estado actual del diálogo y como resultado de la clasificación se
obtienen las probabilidades de seleccionar cada una de las
respuestas (secuencia de actos de diálogo) definidas
respectivamente para el usuario y el sistema.Griol Barres, D. (2007). Desarrollo y evaluación de diferentes metodologÃas para la gestión automática del diálogo [Tesis doctoral no publicada]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/1956Palanci
Information States and Dialogues Move Engines
We explore the notion of information state in relation to dialogue systems, and in particular to the part of a dialogue system we call the dialogue move engine. We use a framework for experimenting with information states and dialogue move engines, and show how an experimental dialogue system currently being developed in Gteborg within the framework can be provided with rules to handle accommodation of questions and plans in dialogue