CYBERSLACKING : A LITERATURE REVIEW OF NON-ACADEMIC MEDIA MULTITASKING OF UNIVERSITY STUDENTS

AbstractUniversity students use internet in daily life ranging from learning, socializing and recreation purposes. Cyberslacking in the campus relates to the topic of non-academic media multitasking among university students. Media multitasking defines as connecting to more than one media simultaneously and cyberslacking is activities with media multitasking in the context of non-academic internet access during lectures. This present study will review some researches on cyberslacking and non-academic media multitasking in the context of university students. The review findings conclude that cyberslacking is also media multitasking in the context of non-academic internet access during lectures. Media multitasking could be distinguished between learning related activities and unlearning related activities and cyberslacking is regarded as unlearning related activities. Students who do cyberslacking mostly engage in social networking sites during media multitasking behaviors. Some studies discuss the impact of cyberslacking and non-media multitasking to academic performance. Other studies also mentioned about self regulation and self efficacy as important variables that relate to cyberslacking and non-academic media multitasking. Further researches on cyberslacking should be considered building theoretical model of cyberslacking in the educational setting as well as the development of measurement tools for academic cyberslacking behaviors. Keywords : cyberslacking, non-academic media multitasking, university students

PREVALENCE OF NOMOPHOBIA AND CYBERLOAFING BEHAVIORS AMONG UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS

The main aim of this study was to investigate the levels of nomophobia and cyberloafing among undergraduate students. Participants were 65 undergraduates from the department of English at Najran University. Nomophobia questionnaire (NMP-Q) and the cyberloafing scale were used as main instruments for data collection. The descriptive, inferential and analytical approach was used. Results indicated that undergraduate students had moderate levels of nomophobia and their practice levels of cyberloafing behaviors were somehow high. The most prominent factors that were affecting their nomophobia levels were their inability to keep in touch with their families and friends, anxiety if their families could not contact them once their smartphones are not ready to use, desire to keep checking their smartphones if they could not check them for a while, and battery run out in their smartphones. In accordance with cyberloafing, results showed that posting status updates on social networks, chatting with friends, reading tweets, retweeting the tweets they like, downloading needed applications, and watching videos online were the behaviors that were mostly practiced by the majority of undergraduates. Article visualizations

Uncontrolled Workplace Breaks and Productivity

Behaviors that may waste time in the workplace, like surfing the Internet for personal purposes (cyberloafing) or smoking breaks, may be the root antecedent for poor productivity. The purpose of this correlational study was to examine whether there was a relationship between the independent variables: time spent cyberloafing and time in uncontrolled smoking breaks, and the dependent variable: employee productivity. Procedural justice theory was used to frame the study. The population consisted of 34 employees working in a multinational engineering company in Jordan who have official smoking policies, but not cyberloafing policies. Correlations and multiple regression were computed using a Cyberloafing Scale and time spent smoking (independent variables) and The Endicott Work Productivity Scale (dependent variable). The results of the correlations indicated no significant relationship between Internet surfing and employee productivity. Smoking breaks were not a significant source of wasted time during the workday (the subsample and frequency of engaging in smoking were low); therefore, smoking did not have an effect on productivity. The findings of this study support the theory that using the Internet at work does not affect employee productivity. These findings have implications for positive social change that are also supported by existing research. Employees who engage in personal Internet activities at work tend to meet private demands and obligations. This connectivity may help to facilitate work-life balance

Fear of missing out and cyberloafing among college students: Fear of missing out dan cyberloafing pada mahasiswa-mahasiswi

English This research examines the effects of fear of missing out on cyberloafing. Individuals who experience fear of missing out are afraid to miss a pleasant experience. The individual will try to stay connected with others through social media. The study hypothesized that fear of missing out would be positively related to cyberloafing, which refers to behavior of accessing the internet for non-academic activities. As expected, the results show that fear of missing out accounted for about 22 per cent of the variance of cyberloafing. Those who are more afraid of missing out tended to engage more cyberloafing than those who are less fear of missing out. Bahasa Indonesia Penelitian ini menguji efek fear of missing out pada perilaku cyberloafing. Individu yang mengalami fear of missing out takut melewatkan pengalaman yang menyenangkan. Individu akan mencoba untuk tetap terhubung dengan orang lain melalui media sosial. Studi ini berhipotesis bahwa fear of missing out akan berhubungan positif dengan cyberloafing, yang mengacu pada Perilaku mengakses internet untuk kegiatan non-akademik.Seperti yang diharapkan, hasil menunjukkan bahwa fear of missing out menyumbang sekitar 22 persen dari varian cyberloafing. Mereka yang memiliki fear of missing out tinggi cenderung terlibat lebih banyak cyberloafing daripada mereka yang memiliki fear of missing out rendah.  

Teachers’ personal web use at work

This article presents findings from an online survey of teachers concerning personal web use (PWU) at work. Often considered as ‘cyberslacking’ or ‘Internet abuse’, PWU is a growing phenomenon within increasingly Internet-dependent workplaces. The findings of this study highlight a wide range of types of personal web usage amongst teachers ranging from sending personal emails to social networking and personal banking as well as a range of reasons for PWU from a means of addressing permeable work-life boundaries and coping with work intensification to providing a virtual space for routine resistance. The data also suggest that, rather than being detrimental to the organisation, PWU could potentially be a means of increasing worker productivity and developing the digital literacy of teachers. It concludes by considering the implications of the findings for senior managers within organisations

Teachers’ Views on Cyberloafing and Impression Management Tactics

The aim of this study is to identify secondary school teachers’ employed in Nevşehir central district views on impression management tactics and cyberloafing.  It also aims to determine whether there is a significant relationship between their views.  The study was conducted in relational screening model.  On the other hand, the universe of the study consisted of 316 secondary school teachers employed in Nevşehir central district during 2015-2016 academic year.  Of the participants 55,4 % were females and 44.6 % were males.  40.5 % of them had 1-10 years experience, 50 % of them had 11-20 years experience and 9.5 % had 21 and more years experience.  18 % of the participants aged between 20-30; 62.3 % of them aged between 31-40; 17.1 % aged between 41-50 and finally 2.2% were 51 and over.  Considering their graduation 94.3 % had undergraduate while only 5.7 % of them had graduate degree.  Data were collected through Impression Management Tactics Scale and Cyberloafing Scale.  In the analysis of the data, means and standard deviations were calculated; Mann Whitney U, Kruskal Wallis H and Spearman’s Rho correlation analysis were conducted.  According to results of the study, teachers apply to impression management tactics but not very frequently and the level of cyberloafing behavior was “occasionally”.  A positive low level significant relationship was found between teachers’ views on impression management and cyberloafing. Keywords: Impression management, cyberloafing, teacher

PENGARUH TUNTUTAN PEKERJAAN TERHADAP CYBERLOAFING DENGAN KEBOSANAN KERJA SEBAGAI MEDIATOR PADA KARYAWAN YANG BEKERJA DARI RUMAH

The policy of working from home during the COVID-19 pandemic caused changes in the work environment and job demands that were suspected of causing cyberloafing. This study aims to determine the role of job boredom in mediating the effect of job demands on cyberloafing. Data were collected through online questionnaires to measure cyberloafing, job boredom and job demands from 116 participants who work as administrative staff. Data processing was carried out through regression techniques. The results showed that job demands had a significant effect on cyberloafing (β = 0.427, p = 0.000). After entering job boredom as a mediator, the results showed that the effect of job demands on cyberloafing decreased (β = 0.251, p = 0.004). These results indicate that job boredom can mediate (partially) the effect of job demands on cyberloafing. So, the effect of job demands on cyberloafing is even greater when those demands lead to work boredom. The  correlation between demographic data and research variables show that position, working hours and length of using internet  have a positive correlation with job demands; age, tenure, and working hours have a negative correlation with job boredom; age and tenure are negatively correlated with cyberloafing

Analisis Faktor Konfirmatori Terhadap Skala Cyberloafing Mahasiswa

The implementation of online distance learning creates a new deviant behaviour in higher education students. There are symptoms of student behaviour who negligent in using the internet for purposes that are not related to learning which is known as cyberloafing. Considering the rapid development of technology, the measurement of student cyberloafing behaviour needs to be developed continuously. Thus, this study aims to develop previous scales related to student cyberloafing to stay up to date. Based on literature review that discusses the measurement of student cyberloafing, a 20-item scale form created. The data were collected from 506 undergraduate students at a large university in Jakarta who have online distance learning experiences. Data were analysed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) with the JASP program. The results of this study indicate that the student cyberloafing scale model is in accordance with the theory where three dimensions are indicated, namely social purpose cyberloafing, academic cyberloafing, dan gaming purpose cyberloafing. The scale has a good fit model based on CFI, TLI, RMSEA, SRMR and GFI.   Keywords: confirmatory factor analysis; cyberloafing; student cyberloafing; student cyberloafing scale  Pelaksanaan pembelajaran jarak jauh secara daring mengakibatkan munculnya perilaku menyimpang pada mahasiswa. Terdapat gejala perilaku mahasiswa yang lalai dalam menggunakan internet untuk tujuan yang tidak berkaitan dengan pembelajaran yang dikenal dengan istilah cyberloafing. Melihat pesatnya perkembangan teknologi, pengukuran perilaku cyberloafing pada mahasiswa perlu terus dikembangkan. Dengan demikian, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengembangkan skala cyberloafing pada mahasiswa agar tetap sesuai dengan kondisi terkini. Berdasarkan kajian literatur yang membahas tentang pengukuran cyberloafing pada mahasiswa, sebuah skala yang terdiri dari 20 item dibuat. Data dikumpulkan dari 506 mahasiswa program sarjana di Jakarta yang memiliki pengalaman belajar jarak jauh secara daring. Data dianalisis menggunakan Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) dengan program JASP. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa model skala cyberloafing pada mahasiswa sesuai dengan teori yang menunjukkan adanya tiga dimensi, yaitu cyberloafing dengan tujuan sosial, cyberloafing dengan tujuan akademis, dan cyberloafing dengan tujuan bermain. Skala ini memiliki model fit yang baik berdasarkan CFI, TLI, RMSEA, SRMR dan GFI.   Kata kunci: analisis faktor konfirmatori; cyberloafing; cyberloafing mahasiswa, skala cyberloafing mahasisw

Digitally Distracted: Development and Examination of Conflicted Technology Use

With smartphones allowing billions of users to engage in a plethora of activities anytime and anywhere, many people are increasingly concerned with digital distraction, where technology is used in conflict with goals or intentions. To address it, we require a conceptualization and an understanding of its prevalence, its factors, and its mechanisms. Based on a literature review, we use the theories of self-control and dual process to develop the construct Conflicted Technology Use. We then develop and deploy an instrument to examine where and when it takes place, who is susceptible, how it is triggered, and which activities are involved. We further aim to examine the structure of the phenomenon through cluster analysis. We report on four studies from two countries, with a total of 690 participants. By discussing these findings in relation to theories we set out how it can inform specific studies into the combatting Conflicted Technology Use

Work-home interaction and psychological distress during the COVID-19 pandemic: The mediation effect of cyberloafing

Work from home is one of the policies chosen by the government due to the COVID -19 pandemic; however, work-home interactions (WHIs) can place a burden on one domain. This study aimed to examine the relationship between the dimensions of WHIs and psychological distress and how cyberloafing mediates this relationship. Data were collected with an online survey tool from 2,349 participants who worked at a government institution in Indonesia with employees across the country to test the proposed hypothesis. The results show that all forms of WHIs cause psychological distress. Further, a high level of negative work-home interactions (NWHIs) and negative home-work interactions (NHWIs) increase psychological distress. Conversely, a high level of positive work-home interactions (PWHIs) and positive home-work interactions (PHWIs) reduce psychological distress. In addition, this study’s results also show that cyberloafing mediates the relationships between NWHIs, NHWIs, PWHIs, and psychological distress. This study implies the organization need to provide mental support and technology support to ensure the work of employees effective. Organizations also need to support employees to reduce work-family conflict