Laguerre-like methods for the simultaneous approximation of polynomial multiple zeros

Two new methods of the fourth order for the simultaneous determination of multiple zeros of a polynomial are proposed. The presented methods are based on the fixed point relation of Laguerre's type and realized in ordinary complex arithmetic as well as circular complex interval arithmetic. The derived iterative formulas are suitable for the construction of modified methods with improved convergence rate with negligible additional operations. Very fast convergence of the considered methods is illustrated by two numerical examples

Solving polynomial eigenvalue problems by means of the Ehrlich-Aberth method

Given the $n\times n$ matrix polynomial $P(x)=\sum_{i=0}^kP_i x^i$, we consider the associated polynomial eigenvalue problem. This problem, viewed in terms of computing the roots of the scalar polynomial $\det P(x)$, is treated in polynomial form rather than in matrix form by means of the Ehrlich-Aberth iteration. The main computational issues are discussed, namely, the choice of the starting approximations needed to start the Ehrlich-Aberth iteration, the computation of the Newton correction, the halting criterion, and the treatment of eigenvalues at infinity. We arrive at an effective implementation which provides more accurate approximations to the eigenvalues with respect to the methods based on the QZ algorithm. The case of polynomials having special structures, like palindromic, Hamiltonian, symplectic, etc., where the eigenvalues have special symmetries in the complex plane, is considered. A general way to adapt the Ehrlich-Aberth iteration to structured matrix polynomial is introduced. Numerical experiments which confirm the effectiveness of this approach are reported.Comment: Submitted to Linear Algebra App

The Root and Bell’s disk iteration methods are of the same error propagation characteristics in the simultaneous determination of the zeros of a polynomial, Part I: Correction methods

AbstractIn this paper we consider the error propagation of the Root and Bell’s disk iteration methods enhanced by incorporating a correction term and a choice of a disk inversion formula in the methods, for the simultaneous computation of the zeros of a polynomial. The asymptotic error propagation is proved to be the same in both methods. This result is important considering the fact that these methods are in popular usage in the simultaneous computation of the zeros of a polynomial. The proof of the results herein follows the ideas of [M.S. Petkovic, C. Carstensen, Some improved inclusion methods for polynomial roots with Weierstrass corrections, Comput. Math. Appl. 25 (3) (1993) 59–67]. When the refinement process of correction is efficient, it is this mode of correction we have desired to propose

A new higher-order family of inclusion zero-finding methods

AbstractStarting from a suitable fixed point relation, a new one-parameter family of iterative methods for the simultaneous inclusion of complex zeros in circular complex arithmetic is constructed. It is proved that the order of convergence of this family is four. The convergence analysis is performed under computationally verifiable initial conditions. An approach for the construction of accelerated methods with negligible number of additional operations is discussed. To demonstrate convergence properties of the proposed family of methods, two numerical examples results are given

Higher-order iterative methods for approximating zeros of analytic functions

AbstractIterative methods with extremely rapid convergence in floating-point arithmetic and circular arithmetic for simultaneously approximating simple zeros of analytic functions (inside a simple smooth closed contour in the complex plane) are presented. The R-order of convergence of the basic total-step and single-step methods, as well as their improvements which use Newton's and Halley's corrections, is given. Some hybrid algorithms that combine the efficiency of ordinary floating-point iterative methods with the accuracy control provided by interval arithmetic are also considered

A family of root-finding methods with accelerated convergence

AbstractA parametric family of iterative methods for the simultaneous determination of simple complex zeros of a polynomial is considered. The convergence of the basic method of the fourth order is accelerated using Newton's and Halley's corrections thus generating total-step methods of orders five and six. Further improvements are obtained by applying the Gauss-Seidel approach. Accelerated convergence of all proposed methods is attained at the cost of a negligible number of additional operations. Detailed convergence analysis and two numerical examples are given

Iteration functions re-visited

Two classes of Iteration Functions (IFs) are derived in this paper. The first (one-point IFs) was originally derived by Joseph Traub using a different approach to ours (simultaneous IFs). The second is new and is demonstrably shown to be more informationally efficient than the first. These IFs apply to polynomials with arbitrary complex coefficients and zeros, which can also be multiple

New Acceleration of Nearly Optimal Univariate Polynomial Root-findERS

Univariate polynomial root-finding has been studied for four millennia and is still the subject of intensive research. Hundreds of efficient algorithms for this task have been proposed. Two of them are nearly optimal. The first one, proposed in 1995, relies on recursive factorization of a polynomial, is quite involved, and has never been implemented. The second one, proposed in 2016, relies on subdivision iterations, was implemented in 2018, and promises to be practically competitive, although user's current choice for univariate polynomial root-finding is the package MPSolve, proposed in 2000, revised in 2014, and based on Ehrlich's functional iterations. By proposing and incorporating some novel techniques we significantly accelerate both subdivision and Ehrlich's iterations. Moreover our acceleration of the known subdivision root-finders is dramatic in the case of sparse input polynomials. Our techniques can be of some independent interest for the design and analysis of polynomial root-finders.Comment: 89 pages, 5 figures, 2 table

Um Novo Método Simultâneo de Sexta Ordem Tipo Ehrlich para Zeros Polinomiais Complexos

This paper presents a new iterative method for the simultaneous determination of simple polynomial zeros. The proposed method is obtained from the combination of the third-order Ehrlich iteration with an iterative correction derived from Li's fourth-order method for solving nonlinear equations. The combined method developed has order of convergence six. Some examples are presented to illustrate the convergence and efficiency of the proposed Ehrlich-type method with Li correction for the simultaneous approximation of polynomial zeros.Este artigo apresenta um novo método iterativo para a determinação simultânea de zeros polinomiais simples. O~método proposto é obtido a partir da combinação da iteração de Ehrlich de terceira ordem com uma correção iterativa derivada do método de Li de quarta ordem para a resolução de equações não lineares. O método combinado desenvolvido tem ordem de convergência seis. Alguns exemplos são apresentados para ilustrar a convergência e eficiência do método tipo Ehrlich com correção de Li proposto para a aproximação simultânea de zeros polinomiais