KEER2022

Avanttítol: KEER2022. DiversitiesDescripció del recurs: 25 juliol 202

Crossover Method for Interactive Genetic Algorithms to Estimate Multimodal Preferences

We apply an interactive genetic algorithm (iGA) to generate product recommendations. iGAs search for a single optimum point based on a user’s Kansei through the interaction between the user and machine. However, especially in the domain of product recommendations, there may be numerous optimum points. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to develop a new iGA crossover method that concurrently searches for multiple optimum points for multiple user preferences. The proposed method estimates the locations of the optimum area by a clustering method and then searches for the maximum values of the area by a probabilistic model. To confirm the effectiveness of this method, two experiments were performed. In the first experiment, a pseudouser operated an experiment system that implemented the proposed and conventional methods and the solutions obtained were evaluated using a set of pseudomultiple preferences. With this experiment, we proved that when there are multiple preferences, the proposed method searches faster and more diversely than the conventional one. The second experiment was a subjective experiment. This experiment showed that the proposed method was able to search concurrently for more preferences when subjects had multiple preferences

Applied Cognitive Sciences

Cognitive science is an interdisciplinary field in the study of the mind and intelligence. The term cognition refers to a variety of mental processes, including perception, problem solving, learning, decision making, language use, and emotional experience. The basis of the cognitive sciences is the contribution of philosophy and computing to the study of cognition. Computing is very important in the study of cognition because computer-aided research helps to develop mental processes, and computers are used to test scientific hypotheses about mental organization and functioning. This book provides a platform for reviewing these disciplines and presenting cognitive research as a separate discipline

Advances in Human-Robot Interaction

Rapid advances in the field of robotics have made it possible to use robots not just in industrial automation but also in entertainment, rehabilitation, and home service. Since robots will likely affect many aspects of human existence, fundamental questions of human-robot interaction must be formulated and, if at all possible, resolved. Some of these questions are addressed in this collection of papers by leading HRI researchers

Robotics 2010

Without a doubt, robotics has made an incredible progress over the last decades. The vision of developing, designing and creating technical systems that help humans to achieve hard and complex tasks, has intelligently led to an incredible variety of solutions. There are barely technical fields that could exhibit more interdisciplinary interconnections like robotics. This fact is generated by highly complex challenges imposed by robotic systems, especially the requirement on intelligent and autonomous operation. This book tries to give an insight into the evolutionary process that takes place in robotics. It provides articles covering a wide range of this exciting area. The progress of technical challenges and concepts may illuminate the relationship between developments that seem to be completely different at first sight. The robotics remains an exciting scientific and engineering field. The community looks optimistically ahead and also looks forward for the future challenges and new development

Preference Modeling in Data-Driven Product Design: Application in Visual Aesthetics

Creating a form that is attractive to the intended market audience is one of the greatest challenges in product development given the subjective nature of preference and heterogeneous market segments with potentially different product preferences. Accordingly, product designers use a variety of qualitative and quantitative research tools to assess product preferences across market segments, such as design theme clinics, focus groups, customer surveys, and design reviews; however, these tools are still limited due to their dependence on subjective judgment, and being time and resource intensive. In this dissertation, we focus on a key research question: how can we understand and predict more reliably the preference for a future product in heterogeneous markets, so that this understanding can inform designers' decision-making? We present a number of data-driven approaches to model product preference. Instead of depending on any subjective judgment from human, the proposed preference models investigate the mathematical patterns behind users’ choice and behavior. This allows a more objective translation of customers' perception and preference into analytical relations that can inform design decision-making. Moreover, these models are scalable in that they have the capacity to analyze large-scale data and model customer heterogeneity accurately across market segments. In particular, we use feature representation as an intermediate step in our preference model, so that we can not only increase the predictive accuracy of the model but also capture in-depth insight into customers' preference. We tested our data-driven approaches with applications in visual aesthetics preference. Our results show that the proposed approaches can obtain an objective measurement of aesthetic perception and preference for a given market segment. This measurement enables designers to reliably evaluate and predict the aesthetic appeal of their designs. We also quantify the relative importance of aesthetic attributes when both aesthetic attributes and functional attributes are considered by customers. This quantification has great utility in helping product designers and executives in design reviews and selection of designs. Moreover, we visualize the possible factors affecting customers' perception of product aesthetics and how these factors differ across different market segments. Those visualizations are incredibly important to designers as they relate physical design details to psychological customer reactions. The main contribution of this dissertation is to present purely data-driven approaches that enable designers to quantify and interpret more reliably the product preference. Methodological contributions include using modern probabilistic approaches and feature learning algorithms to quantitatively model the design process involving product aesthetics. These novel approaches can not only increase the predictive accuracy but also capture insights to inform design decision-making.PHDDesign ScienceUniversity of Michigan, Horace H. Rackham School of Graduate Studieshttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/145987/1/yanxinp_1.pd

Product design methodology supporting aesthetic evaluation

Based on the fundamentals of visual art and function, this research has developed a product design methodology capable of quantification of the aesthetic qualities and proposing objective solutions to enhance the appearance related variables and characteristics of a product. The objective evaluation has been done via analysis of involuntary responses using eye-tracking data based on the visual perceiving process of design. The result confirmed the reliability of the methodology by generating constant results and a good match between the measured values and declared preference. In addition, the aesthetic enhancement methods based on quantified metrics with the sample designs have been provided. The result of the research suggests that eye-tracking technology is a reliable tool in aesthetic evaluation and has potential for further development

30th International Conference on Information Modelling and Knowledge Bases

Information modelling is becoming more and more important topic for researchers, designers, and users of information systems. The amount and complexity of information itself, the number of abstraction levels of information, and the size of databases and knowledge bases are continuously growing. Conceptual modelling is one of the sub-areas of information modelling. The aim of this conference is to bring together experts from different areas of computer science and other disciplines, who have a common interest in understanding and solving problems on information modelling and knowledge bases, as well as applying the results of research to practice. We also aim to recognize and study new areas on modelling and knowledge bases to which more attention should be paid. Therefore philosophy and logic, cognitive science, knowledge management, linguistics and management science are relevant areas, too. In the conference, there will be three categories of presentations, i.e. full papers, short papers and position papers

NeuroArquitectura: nuevas métricas para el diseño arquitectónico a través del uso de neurotecnologías

Tesis por compendio[ES] La dependencia del entorno lleva a adaptar el espacio a las necesidades. En este sentido, desde que la arquitectura apareciese se han producido sucesivos actos de ordenación del espacio. El resultado es el espacio construido actual. De forma que, al igual que el entorno natural, la arquitectura también tiene importantes efectos en el ser humano. Estos efectos se han abordado a través de diferentes esfuerzos teóricos y prácticos, recibiendo más atención aquellas cuestiones más susceptibles de ser objetivadas. Así, existe un amplio bagaje sobre variados aspectos constructivos que han cristalizado en estándares y normas técnicas. Sin embargo, no son los únicos efectos. También son críticas las cuestiones relacionadas con los efectos sobre el procesamiento y valoración de la información (cognición), y las consecuentes reacciones adaptativas (emoción). Que haya sido sistemáticamente más difícil de estudiar, ha dado lugar a un menor recorrido al respecto. La consciencia sobre esta necesidad, no obstante, no es algo nuevo. La idea de que la dimensión cognitivo-emocional también pueda y deba ser apoyada desde el diseño arquitectónico ha sido foco de reflexiones e investigaciones. Entre ellas, desde: la geometría, la fenomenología del espacio, la geografía de la experiencia, la filosofía, y la psicología; cada una con sus metodologías, de carácter cuantitativo o cualitativo. De alguna forma, estas aproximaciones "tradicionales" se han ido encadenando y combinando para resolver algunos de sus condicionantes específicos. Dilatadamente desarrolladas, ofrecen un cuerpo experimentado para estudiar la dimensión cognitivo-emocional de la arquitectura. Sin embargo, las aproximaciones tradicionales suelen contar con limitaciones derivadas fundamentalmente de dos asuntos: 1) los estímulos presentados; y 2) las evaluaciones empleadas. Por un lado, los estímulos habitualmente empleados son fotografías y vídeos; formatos que carecen de interactividad. Este empobrecimiento de la experiencia puede ser crítico; al diferir la simulación ambiental de la realidad, los resultados también podrían estar distorsionados. Por otro lado, las evaluaciones usualmente se basan en el auto-reporte; sistemas de evaluación que son propensos al sesgo, ya que sólo registran aspectos conscientes de la respuesta humana. Así, la dimensión cognitivo-emocional de la arquitectura requiere ser abarcada desde diferentes perspectivas. La interrelación entre metodologías, especialmente entre las cuantitativas y las cualitativas, puede suponer un avance significativo. De manera más reciente, han surgido nuevas herramientas para aproximarse a la dimensión cognitivo-emocional de la arquitectura. Estas, hasta cierto punto, superan las limitaciones descritas. Lo hacen a través de la incorporación de: 1) estímulos más similares a los espacios reales representados; y 2) evaluaciones más objetivas de la respuesta humana. Así, por un lado, en la actualidad existen formatos para la representación de entornos de manera realista. Por otro lado, la neurociencia y sus tecnologías aplicadas permiten registrar e interpretar las reacciones neurológicas. Sin embargo, sus potenciales no han sido suficientemente explorados en este ámbito de estudio. El objetivo de la presente Tesis Doctoral es contribuir en la investigación y diseño de la dimensión cognitivo-emocional de la arquitectura, a nivel teórico y práctico. A nivel teórico implicó una revisión bibliográfica, contextualizada y crítica, sobre el estudio cognitivo-emocional de la arquitectura desde una perspectiva amplia, considerando el conjunto de aproximaciones: las tradicionales (o base) y las nuevas. Asimismo, también se abordaron ambas aproximaciones a nivel práctico. En cuanto a las tradicionales, la finalidad fue explorar los beneficios de combinar las metodologías cuantitativas y cualitativas más usualmente empleadas. En cuanto a las nuevas, la finalidad fue validar el uso de los actuales sistemas de simulación ambiental y examinar su uso combinado con los sistemas de registro neurofisiológico.[CA] La dependència de l'entorn porta a adaptar l'espai a les necessitats. En aquest sentit, des que l'arquitectura apareguera s'han produït successius actes d'ordenació de l'espai. El resultat és l'espai construït actual. De manera que, igual que l'entorn natural, l'arquitectura també té importants efectes en l'ésser humà. Aquests efectes s'han abordat a través de diferents esforços teòrics i pràctics, rebent més atenció aquelles qüestions més susceptibles de ser objectivades. Així, existeix un ampli bagatge sobre diversos aspectes constructius que han cristal·litzat en estàndards i normes tècniques. No obstant això, no són els únics efectes que té i deu resoldre l'arquitectura. També són crítiques les qüestions relacionades amb els efectes sobre el processament i valoració de la informació (cognició), i les conseqüents reaccions adaptatives (emoció). Que haja sigut sistemàticament més difícil d'estudiar, ha donat lloc a un menor recorregut sobre aquest tema. La consciència sobre aquesta necessitat, no obstant, no és ninguna novetat. La idea que la dimensió cognitiu-emocional també puga i dega ser secundada des del disseny arquitectònic ha sigut focus de reflexions i investigacions. Entre elles, desde de: la geometria, la fenomenologia de l'espai, la geografia de l'experiència, la filosofia i la psicologia; cadascuna amb les seues metodologies, de caràcter quantitatiu o qualitatiu. D'alguna forma, aquestes aproximacions "tradicionals" o "base" s'han anat encadenant i combinant per a resoldre alguns dels seus condicionants específics. Dilatadament desenvolupades, ofereixen un cos experimentat per a estudiar la dimensió cognitiu-emocional de l'arquitectura. No obstant això, les aproximacions tradicionals solen comptar amb limitacions derivades -fonamentalment- de dos assumptes: 1) els estímuls presentats; i 2) les avaluacions emprades. D'una banda, els estímuls habitualment emprats són fotografies i vídeos; formats que manquen d'interactivitat. Aquest empobriment de l'experiència pot ser crític, ja que si la simulació ambiental difereix de la realitat, els resultats també podrien estar distorsionats. D'altra banda, les avaluacions usualment es basen en l'auto-report; sistemes d'avaluació que són propensos al biaix, ja que només registren aspectes conscients de la resposta humana. La dimensió cognitiu-emocional de l'arquitectura requereix ser abordada des de diferents perspectives. Així, la interrelació entre metodologies, especialment entre les quantitatives i les qualitatives, pot suposar un avanç significatiu. D'una manera més recent, han sorgit noves eines per a aproximar-se a la dimensió cognitiu-emocional de l'arquitectura. Aquestes, fins a un cert punt, superen les limitacions descrites. Ho fan a través de la incorporació de: 1) estímuls més similars als espais reals representats; i 2) avaluacions més objectives de la resposta humana. Així, d'una banda, en l'actualitat existeixen formats per a la representació d'entorns de manera realista. D'altra banda, la neurociència i les seues tecnologies aplicades permeten registrar i interpretar les reaccions neurològiques. No obstant això, els seus potencials no han sigut prou explorats en aquest àmbit d'estudi. L’objectiu de la present Tesi Doctoral és contribuir en la investigació i disseny de la dimensió cognitiu-emocional de l’arquitectura, a nivell teòric i pràctic. A nivell teòric va implicar una revisió bibliogràfica, contextualitzada i crítica, sobre l’estudi cognitiu-emocional de l’arquitectura des d’una perspectiva àmplia, considerant el conjunt d’aproximacions: les tradicionals (o base) i les noves. Així mateix, també es van abordar ambdues aproximacions a nivell pràctic. Quant a les tradicionals, la finalitat va ser explorar els beneficis de combinar les metodologies quantitatives i qualitatives més usualment emprades. Quant a les noves, la finalitat va ser validar l’ús dels actuals sistemes de simulació ambiental i examinar el seu ús combinat amb els sistemes de registre neurofisiològic.[EN] Dependence on the environment leads to the adaptation of space to needs. Since the advent of architecture, successive space management activities have taken place. The result is the built environment, our greatest artifact. Like the natural environment, architecture has important effects on humans. These effects have been addressed by different theoretical and practical approaches, with most attention being paid to issues more likely to be objectified. Thus, there exists extensive background on various aspects of construction that have crystallised into technical standards and regulations. However, these are not the only effects that architecture must address. Architectural design triggers brain activation, which raises critical questions about its effects on the processing and assessment of information (cognition) and consequent adaptive reactions (emotion). The fact that the effects of cognition and emotion are systematically difficult to study means that there has been less research in this area. The awareness of the need for more research, however, is not new. The idea that the cognitive-emotional dimension can and should be supported by architectural design has been the focus of earlier thinking and research. The issue has not always been approached from a solely architectural perspective. Among these are geometry, the phenomenology of space, geographical experience, philosophy, and psychology. Each approach has its methodologies, quantitative or qualitative in nature. In various ways, these "traditional" or "base" approaches have been combined to address some of their specific determinants. These approaches offer a developed base from which to study the cognitive-emotional dimension of architecture. However, traditional approaches often have limitations arising, fundamentally, from two issues: (1) the stimuli presented; and (2) the evaluations employed. On the one hand, the stimuli most commonly presented are photographs and videos, formats that lack interactivity. This experiential impoverishment can be critical, as the more that an environmental simulation differs from reality, the greater the chance that any results obtained will be distorted. On the other hand, evaluations are usually based on self-reports, which are prone to bias as they record only conscious human responses. The cognitive-emotional dimension of architecture needs to be approached from different perspectives. Thus, the combination of methodologies, especially the quantitative and qualitative, can provide a significant step forward. In recent times new tools have emerged to address the cognitive-emotional dimension of architecture. These, to some extent, overcome the above-mentioned limitations. They do so by incorporating: 1) stimuli more similar to the actual spaces represented; and 2) more objective assessments of human responses. On the one hand, formats now exist that can present environments realistically. On the other hand, neuroscience and its applied technologies allow researchers to record and interpret neurological reactions. However, their potential has not been sufficiently explored in this field of study. The objective of this doctoral thesis is to contribute to the research and design of the cognitive-emotional dimension of architecture, both on a theoretical and on a practical level. At the theoretical level this involves a bibliographic review, contextualised and critical, of the cognitive-emotional study of architecture from a broad perspective, considering various approaches, the traditional (or base) and new. Both approaches are addressed also on a practical level. The purpose in addressing the traditional approaches is to explore the benefits of combining the most commonly used quantitative and qualitative methodologies. The aim of addressing the new approaches is to validate the environmental simulation systems in current use and examine their operation in combination with neurophysiological measures.Thanks to the Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad of Spain (Projects TIN2013-45736-R, BIA2017-86157-R and PRE2018-084051), to the Dirección General de Tráfico - Ministerio del Interior of Spain (Project SPIP2017-02220), and to the Academy of Neuroscience for Architecture (John Paul Eberhard Fellow 2020).Higuera Trujillo, JL. (2021). NeuroArquitectura: nuevas métricas para el diseño arquitectónico a través del uso de neurotecnologías [Tesis doctoral]. Universitat Politècnica de València. https://doi.org/10.4995/Thesis/10251/171261TESISPremiadoCompendi