1,248 research outputs found
Inference of stochastic nonlinear oscillators with applications to physiological problems
A new method of inferencing of coupled stochastic nonlinear oscillators is
described. The technique does not require extensive global optimization,
provides optimal compensation for noise-induced errors and is robust in a broad
range of dynamical models. We illustrate the main ideas of the technique by
inferencing a model of five globally and locally coupled noisy oscillators.
Specific modifications of the technique for inferencing hidden degrees of
freedom of coupled nonlinear oscillators is discussed in the context of
physiological applications.Comment: 11 pages, 10 figures, 2 tables Fluctuations and Noise 2004, SPIE
Conference, 25-28 May 2004 Gran Hotel Costa Meloneras Maspalomas, Gran
Canaria, Spai
A simple method for detecting chaos in nature
Chaos, or exponential sensitivity to small perturbations, appears everywhere
in nature. Moreover, chaos is predicted to play diverse functional roles in
living systems. A method for detecting chaos from empirical measurements should
therefore be a key component of the biologist's toolkit. But, classic
chaos-detection tools are highly sensitive to measurement noise and break down
for common edge cases, making it difficult to detect chaos in domains, like
biology, where measurements are noisy. However, newer tools promise to overcome
these limitations. Here, we combine several such tools into an automated
processing pipeline, and show that our pipeline can detect the presence (or
absence) of chaos in noisy recordings, even for difficult edge cases. As a
first-pass application of our pipeline, we show that heart rate variability is
not chaotic as some have proposed, and instead reflects a stochastic process in
both health and disease. Our tool is easy-to-use and freely available
Mathematical tools for identifying the fetal response to physical exercise during pregnancy
In the applied mathematics literature there exist a significant number of tools that can reveal the interaction between mother and fetus during rest and also during and after exercise. These tools are based on techniques from a number of areas such as signal processing, time series analysis, neural networks, heart rate variability as well as dynamical systems and chaos. We will briefly review here some of these methods, concentrating on a method of extracting the fetal heart rate from the mixed maternal-fetal heart rate signal, that is based on phase space reconstructio
Optimal embedding parameters: A modelling paradigm
Reconstruction of a dynamical system from a time series requires the
selection of two parameters, the embedding dimension and the embedding
lag . Many competing criteria to select these parameters exist, and all
are heuristic. Within the context of modeling the evolution operator of the
underlying dynamical system, we show that one only need be concerned with the
product . We introduce an information theoretic criteria for the
optimal selection of the embedding window . For infinitely long
time series this method is equivalent to selecting the embedding lag that
minimises the nonlinear model prediction error. For short and noisy time series
we find that the results of this new algorithm are data dependent and superior
to estimation of embedding parameters with the standard techniques
Dynamical Disease: Identification, Temporal Aspects and Treatment Strategies for Human Illness
Dynamical diseases are characterized by sudden changes in the qualitative dynamics of physiological processes, leading to abnormal dynamics and disease. Thus, there is a natural matching between the mathematical field of nonlinear dynamics and medicine. This paper summarizes advances in the study of dynamical disease with emphasis on a NATO Advanced Research Workshop held in Mont Tremblant, Quebec, Canada in February 1994. We describe the international effort currently underway to identify dynamical diseases and to study these diseases from a perspective of nonlinear dynamics. Linear and nonlinear time series analysis combined with analysis of bifurcations in dynamics are being used to help understand mechanisms of pathological rhythms and offer the promise for better diagnostic and therapeutic techniques
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