9 research outputs found
Study and proposal of a framework for designing tailorable user interfaces
Orientador: Maria Cecilia Calani BaranauskasTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de ComputaçãoResumo: A socialização dos sistemas computacionais trouxe um desafio a mais para os pesquisadores de Interação Humano-Computador: como prover interfaces que propiciem acesso ao maior nĂșmero possĂvel de usuĂĄrios independentemente de suas capacidades sensoriais, fĂsicas, cognitivas e emocionais? Um dos caminhos que se apresenta Ă© desenvolver sistemas flexĂveis, i.e. que permitam modificaçÔes em seu comportamento durante a interação, oferecendo ao usuĂĄrio a possibilidade de ajustar a interface de acordo com as suas preferĂȘncias, necessidades e situaçÔes de uso. O design de interfaces flexĂveis, que façam sentido e sejam acessĂveis a mais pessoas, demanda abordagens que permitam conhecer e formalizar os diferentes requisitos de interação, definir funcionalidades e determinar o comportamento ajustĂĄvel do sistema. SoluçÔes encontradas na literatura relacionadas ao tema interfaces ajustĂĄveis, (ou tailoring em inglĂȘs) enfatizam questĂ”es relacionadas Ă infra-estrutura necessĂĄria para o ajuste, nĂŁo tendo sido encontrados trabalhos que apoiassem os designers de forma prĂĄtica durante o processo de concepção dessas interfaces. Esta tese propĂ”e e apresenta um framework para o design de interfaces de usuĂĄrio ajustĂĄveis, denominado PLuRaL. O termo framework Ă© utilizado aqui no seu sentido mais amplo como uma estrutura composta por diretrizes, mecanismos, artefatos e sistemas usados no planejamento e na tomada de decisĂ”es de design. O PLuRaL adota uma perspectiva sĂłcio-tĂ©cnica para a concepção das interfaces ajustĂĄveis e uma visĂŁo abrangente dos requisitos de interação, incluindo aqueles que sĂŁo controversos ou minoritĂĄrios e advindos nĂŁo somente de usuĂĄrios, mas tambĂ©m de diferentes dispositivos e ambientes de interação. Aspectos semĂąnticos, pragmĂĄticos e o impacto social da interação tambĂ©m sĂŁo considerados. Por fim, o comportamento ajustĂĄvel do sistema Ă© modelado utilizando-se o conceito de normas. O referencial teĂłrico-metodolĂłgico adotado para o trabalho de pesquisa envolveu as disciplinas de Interação Humano-Computador e SemiĂłtica Organizacional. A construção do framework foi pautada por 2 estudos de caso envolvendo populaçÔes de usuĂĄrio heterogĂȘneas em contextos de sistemas de governo eletrĂŽnico e de rede social inclusiva. A validação do framework foi realizada com 17 designers e os resultados sugerem uma avaliação positiva considerando a utilidade, flexibilidade para apoiar mudanças, liberdade de criação e satisfação com as propostas de design resultantesAbstract: The socialization of computer systems has brought a new challenge to Human-Computer Interaction researchers: how to design interfaces that provide access to as many users as possible regardless of their sensory, physical, cognitive and emotional characteristics? One approach to answer this question is to develop flexible systems, i.e. those that allow changes in their behavior during the interaction, offering users the possibility to tailor the interface according to their preferences, needs and situations of use. The design of flexible interfaces, which make sense and are accessible to more people, demands approaches to understand and formalize the different interaction requirements, define functionalities and determine the system tailorable behavior. Solutions found in the literature about tailorable interfaces have focused on the infrastructure needed to offer flexibility and works to support designers in a practical way during the conception of such interfaces were not found. This thesis proposes and presents a framework for the design of tailorable user interfaces, named PLuRaL. The term framework is used here in its broadest sense as a structure consisting of guidelines, mechanisms, artifacts and systems used in design planning and decision-making. PLuRaL adopts a socio-technical approach to design tailorable interfaces and a comprehensive view for interaction requirements, including those that are controversial or from minority, and arising not only from users, but also from different devices and interaction environments. The semantic, pragmatic and social impacts of the interaction are also considered. Finally, the behavior of the tailorable system is modeled using the concept of norms. The theoretical and methodological references adopted in this work involved the disciplines of Human-Computer Interaction and Organizational Semiotics. The framework's construction was guided by 2 case studies with heterogeneous populations, in the context of electronic government and inclusive social network system. The framework's validation was performed with 17 designers and the results suggest a positive evaluation considering the usefulness and flexibility to support changes, freedom to create and satisfaction with the final design proposalsDoutoradoMetodologia e Tecnicas da ComputaçãoDoutor em CiĂȘncia da Computaçã
An Approach for Managing Access to Personal Information Using Ontology-Based Chains
The importance of electronic healthcare has caused numerous
changes in both substantive and procedural aspects of healthcare
processes. These changes have produced new challenges to patient
privacy and information secrecy. Traditional privacy policies cannot
respond to rapidly increased privacy needs of patients in electronic
healthcare. Technically enforceable privacy policies are needed in
order to protect patient privacy in modern healthcare with its cross
organisational information sharing and decision making.
This thesis proposes a personal information flow model that specifies
a limited number of acts on this type of information. Ontology
classified Chains of these acts can be used instead of the
"intended/business purposes" used in privacy access control to
seamlessly imbuing current healthcare applications and their
supporting infrastructure with security and privacy functionality. In
this thesis, we first introduce an integrated basic architecture, design
principles, and implementation techniques for privacy-preserving
data mining systems. We then discuss the key methods of privacypreserving
data mining systems which include four main methods:
Role based access control (RBAC), Hippocratic database, Chain
method and eXtensible Access Control Markup Language (XACML).
We found out that the traditional methods suffer from two main
problems: complexity of privacy policy design and the lack of context
flexibility that is needed while working in critical situations such as the
one we find in hospitals. We present and compare strategies for
realising these methods. Theoretical analysis and experimental
evaluation show that our new method can generate accurate data
mining models and safe data access management while protecting
the privacy of the data being mined. The experiments followed
comparative kind of experiments, to show the ease of the design first
and then follow real scenarios to show the context flexibility in saving
personal information privacy of our investigated method
Vers l'élimination des dessins d'ingénierie des processus de modification d'ingénierie en aéronautique
La dĂ©finition du produit est aujourdâhui composĂ©e et vĂ©hiculĂ©e par des modĂšles 3D et des dessins 2D tout au long du cycle de vie du produit. GrĂące aux progrĂšs portant sur la dĂ©finition de la maquette numĂ©rique, les entreprises, notamment celles des secteurs automobile et aĂ©ronautique, sâintĂ©ressent Ă lâapproche Model-based Definition (MBD) qui promet de rĂ©duire les temps de mise en marchĂ© et dâamĂ©liorer la qualitĂ© des produits. Sa finalitĂ© est dâaccĂ©lĂ©rer et amĂ©liorer les processus de conception, de fabrication et dâinspection en intĂ©grant les annotations, traditionnellement portĂ©es par les dessins dâingĂ©nierie, directement dans le modĂšle 3D, provoquant ainsi une diminution significative de la production de dessins.
MalgrĂ© lâexistence de standards internationaux et dâoutils CAO spĂ©cifiques pour supporter le concept MBD, son implĂ©mentation nâa pas Ă©tĂ© encore entiĂšrement adoptĂ©e tout au long du cycle de vie du produit. Les dessins dâingĂ©nierie traditionnels assument encore diffĂ©rentes fonctions perçues comme essentielles telles que la capture et la distribution des donnĂ©es non gĂ©omĂ©triques (tolĂ©rances, notes, etc.), le stockage Ă long terme de la dĂ©finition des produits, de mĂȘme que dans la gestion des modifications dâingĂ©nierie. ParticuliĂšrement, le processus de gestion des modifications (PGM) dâingĂ©nierie implique lâĂ©tude, lâannotation, la rĂ©vision, la validation et la libĂ©ration des dessins dâingĂ©nierie. Lâexploration des alternatives de rĂ©ingĂ©nierie du PGM en absence de dessins devient alors une dĂ©marche nĂ©cessaire vers lâadoption de lâapproche MBD.
Lâobjectif de ce projet de recherche est donc de proposer une solution permettant lâexĂ©cution du PGM dans un environnement sans dessins et de quantifier les gains potentiels. Deux entreprises canadiennes du secteur aĂ©ronautique sont impliquĂ©es dans ce projet de recherche.
Dans un premier temps, les obstacles qui doivent ĂȘtre surmontĂ©s pour permettre lâadoption de lâinitiative MBD sont identifiĂ©s. Nos observations sont le rĂ©sultat de quarante-et-une entrevues effectuĂ©es dans les dĂ©partements dâingĂ©nierie, gestion de la configuration, navigabilitĂ©, certification, fabrication, inspection et gestion des connaissances chez les partenaires industriels. Les rĂ©sultats des entrevues indiquent quâil est nĂ©cessaire de dĂ©finir clairement la façon dont la dĂ©finition du produit va ĂȘtre vĂ©hiculĂ©e en absence des dessins tout en supportant les besoins spĂ©cifiques provenant de chacun des clients de la dĂ©finition du produit.
Par la suite, une solution permettant lâexĂ©cution du PGM dans un contexte MBD est dĂ©veloppĂ©e et Ă©valuĂ©e en se basant sur les caractĂ©ristiques et spĂ©cifications du PGM chez les partenaires industriels. La solution consiste Ă dĂ©finir un ensemble des donnĂ©es qui est composĂ©e du modĂšle 3D annotĂ© (gĂ©nĂ©rĂ© par le systĂšme CAO) et du fichier de distribution (gĂ©nĂ©rĂ© et exploitĂ© par lâapplication de visualisation) sous format allĂ©gĂ©. Lâexercice de rĂ©ingĂ©nierie du PGM est rĂ©alisĂ© en fonction de la solution proposĂ©e.
Finalement, les gains issus de la solution proposĂ©e sont Ă©valuĂ©s et quantifiĂ©s. Une approche par simulation Ă Ă©vĂ©nements discrets est adoptĂ©e en considĂ©rant des donnĂ©es empiriques et expĂ©rimentales provenant de lâun des partenaires industriels. Des rĂ©ductions dâenviron 11% du temps et du coĂ»t moyen dâexĂ©cution du processus sont obtenues
MetodologĂa de implantaciĂłn de modelos de gestiĂłn de la informaciĂłn dentro de los sistemas de planificaciĂłn de recursos empresariales. AplicaciĂłn en la pequeña y mediana empresa
La Siguiente GeneraciĂłn de Sistemas de FabricaciĂłn (SGSF) trata de dar respuesta a los requerimientos de los nuevos modelos de empresas, en contextos de inteligencia, agilidad y adaptabilidad en un entono global y virtual. La PlanificaciĂłn de Recursos Empresariales (ERP) con soportes de gestiĂłn del producto (PDM) y el ciclo de vida del producto (PLM) proporciona soluciones de gestiĂłn empresarial sobre la base de un uso coherente de tecnologĂas de la informaciĂłn para la implantaciĂłn en sistemas CIM (Computer-Integrated Manufacturing), con un alto grado de adaptabilidad a la estnictura organizativa deseada. En general, esta implementaciĂłn se lleva desarrollando hace tiempo en grandes empresas, siendo menor (casi nula) su extensiĂłn a PYMEs.
La presente Tesis Doctoral, define y desarrolla una nueva metodologĂa de implementaciĂłn pan la generaciĂłn automĂĄtica de la informaciĂłn en los procesos de negocio que se verifican en empresas con requerimientos adaptados a las necesidades de la SGSF, dentro de los sistemas de gestiĂłn de los recursos empresariales (ERP), atendiendo a la influencia del factor humano. La validez del modelo teĂłrico de la metodologĂa mencionada se ha comprobado al implementarlo en una empresa del tipo PYME, del sector de IngenierĂa.
Para el establecimiento del Estado del Arte de este tema se ha diseñado y aplicado una metodologĂa especĂfica basada en el ciclo de mejora continua de Shewhart/Deming, aplicando las herramientas de bĂșsqueda y anĂĄlisis bibliogrĂĄfico disponibles en la red con acceso a las correspondientes bases de datos
Event Processing and Stream Reasoning with ETALIS
This thesis presents the ETALIS Language for Events (ELE), a declarative rule-based language for Event Processing (EP) and Stream Reasoning (SR). ELE features a well-defined semantics, and provides strong event processing and reasoning capabilities. In this work we present ELE and show how its EP and SR capabilities have the potential to provide powerful real time intelligence. We provide a prototype implementation of the language, and present evaluation results for a few implemented scenarios
Hybride Simulation mobiler GeschÀftsprozesse
Die Methode zur teilautomatisierten Identifikation mobiler Teilprozesse ermöglicht eine computergestĂŒtzte, kriterien-spezifische Analyse der Inschriften von GeschĂ€ftsprozess-Schemata und gibt Empfehlungen fĂŒr potenziell mobile Teilprozesse. Die Methode zur hybriden Simulation erlaubt die Abbildung spezifischer AufgabenausfĂŒhrungen mobiler AufgabentrĂ€ger auf Interaktionen mit mobilen GerĂ€ten. Diese werden realitĂ€tsnah in der simulativen Analyse des modellierten GeschĂ€ftsprozesses ausgefĂŒhrt
Hybride Simulation mobiler GeschÀftsprozesse
Die effiziente und effektive UnterstĂŒtzung von Unternehmensmitarbeitern mittels mobiler IT in deren ortsunabhĂ€ngiger AufgabenausfĂŒhrung setzt die Anpassung der zugrundeliegenden GeschĂ€ftsprozesse voraus. Diese Problemstellung adressierend, werden in der Arbeit zwei Methoden vorgestellt, die eine teilautomatisierte Identifikation mobiler Teilprozesse in GeschĂ€ftsprozessen sowie die hybride Simulation mobiler GeschĂ€ftsprozesse zur Analyse der angepassten GeschĂ€ftsprozesse ermöglichen
XXIII EdiciĂłn del Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la ComputaciĂłn : Libro de actas
CompilaciĂłn de las ponencias presentadas en el XXIII Workshop de Investigadores en Ciencias de la ComputaciĂłn (WICC), llevado a cabo en Chilecito (La Rioja) en abril de 2021.Red de Universidades con Carreras en InformĂĄtic