Wireless sensor network for cattle monitoring system

This paper describes a cost effective Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) technology for monitoring the health of dairy cows. By monitoring and understanding the cow individual and herd behaviour, farmers can potentially identify the onset of illness, lameness or other undesirable health conditions. However, the WSN implementation needs to cope with various technical challenges before it can be suitably and routinely applied in cow management. This paper discusses results concerning data transportation (i.e. mobility) from the cow mounted sensory devices

Shawn: A new approach to simulating wireless sensor networks

We consider the simulation of wireless sensor networks (WSN) using a new approach. We present Shawn, an open-source discrete-event simulator that has considerable differences to all other existing simulators. Shawn is very powerful in simulating large scale networks with an abstract point of view. It is, to the best of our knowledge, the first simulator to support generic high-level algorithms as well as distributed protocols on exactly the same underlying networks.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures, 2 tables, Latex, to appear in Design, Analysis, and Simulation of Distributed Systems 200

On the selection of connectivity-based metrics for WSNs using a classification of application behaviour

This paper addresses a subset of Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) applications in which data is produced by a set of resource-constrained source nodes and forwarded to one or more sink nodes. The performance of such applications is affected by the connectivity of the WSN, since nodes must remain connected in order to transfer data from sources to sinks. Designers use metrics to measure and improve the efficacy of WSN applications. We aim to facilitate the choice of connectivity-based metrics by introducing a classification of WSN applications based on their data collection behaviour and indicating the metrics best suited to the evaluation of particular application classes. We argue that no suitable metric currently exists for a significant class of applications with the following characteristics: 1) application data is periodically routed or disseminated from source nodes to one or more sink nodes, and 2) the application can continue to function with the loss of source nodes although its useful network lifetime diminishes as a result. We present a new metric, known as Connectivity Weighted Transfer, which may be used to evaluate WSN applications with these characteristics.Preprin

Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection Based on GSM System

The evolution of technology has increased the rate of traffic accidents that occurs frequently causing loss of lifeand property. Therefore, the automatic traffic monitoring system gradually attracted the attention of researchers in improvingtraffic safety through the field of intelligent transport systems. In this paper, a cost-effective approach based on GSM systemfor automatic traffic incident detection is proposed. This paper provides an optimal solution to reduce the death rate by usingthe vibration sensor and GSM system; the implementation system is based on hardware (circuits) and software to build agraphical user interface (GUI) using LabView TM to process the data. Sensors are installed into the vehicles on each side ofthe vehicle. An SMS will be sent to the user after the accident. This system will assist in search and rescue vehicle involved inthe accident

Design of Simulator for Finding the Delay Distribution in Delay Tolerant Networking

To find out the delay distribution in a disruption tolerant network between the nodes when there are randomly distributed several numbers of replications of packets on each node. This delay distribution function can help us with a guideline on how to set the lifetime of a message. As the number of replicas on the nodes increases the delay increases. Up to our best knowledge it is the first time ever work has been done on simulating the delay distribution environment using the replicas in for finding the delay in DTN. With different number of nodes in a network where each node consists of several number of replicas of the same packet the delay difference is obtained and has been compared with the network consisting of a fewer more number of nodes

Delay, Cost and Infrastructure Tradeoff of Epidemic Routing in Mobile Sensor Networks

This paper studies the delay, cost and infrastructure tradeoff of epidemic routing in mobile sensor networks. We consider a mobile sensor network with M mobiles and B static base stations. The mobile sensors collect information when moving around and need to report the information to the base stations. Three different epidemic routing schemes --- target epidemic routing, uncontrolled epidemic routing and controlled epidemic routing --- are analyzed in this paper. For each of the three schemes, we characterize the scaling behaviors of the delay, which is defined to be the average number of time slots required to deliver a message, and the cost, which is defined to be the average number of transmissions required to deliver a message, in terms of the number of mobiles (M) and the number of base stations (B). These scaling results reveal the fundamental tradeoff among delay, cost and infrastructure in mobile sensor networks

¿Where do we go? OnTheWay: A prediction system for spatial locations

Ponencia presentada en: I International Conference on Ubiquitous Computing. Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain, June 7-9, 2006In ubiquitous computing we need to know the present context in order to interact properly with the nearby smart elements. When we are moving outdoors, mobile devices take a very important role because they provide us with a link between the world outside and ourselves through means of intelligent interfaces. There are a lot of situations in which it would be very useful to know or foresee the future context, i.e. as a geographic environment, in which we could find ourselves in a near future, and at the same time being able to use that information from our devices. Therefore we must preview this location with enough precision and time and be able to use this information from our mobile device. In our “OnTheWay” system, we used GPS technology and databases made of past paths taken by a person, in order to predict the next location, once we had begun a new course, comparing the new one with those ones stored. The results were amazing: from the data collected about paths travelled during a month and five days, we got the actual destination in 98% of cases, when we have only made a 30,35% of the total path. Therefore, including statistic and semantic information will allow us to upgrade our results, due to the sedentary human behaviour, the small number of frequently visited locations and the fact that the paths used to arrive to these locations are usually the sam

Improved Animal Tracking Algorithm using Distributed Kalman Filter-based Algortihms

Animal tracking has been addressed by different initiatives over the last two decades. Most of them rely on satellite connectivity on every single node and lack of energy-saving strategies. This paper presents several new contributions on the tracking of dynamic heterogeneous asynchronous networks (primary nodes with GPS and secondary nodes with a kinetic generator) motivated by the animal tracking paradigm with random transmissions. A simple approach based on connectivity and coverage intersection is compared with more sophisticated algorithms based on ad-hoc implementations of distributed Kalman-based filters that integrate measurement information using Consensus principles in order to provide enhanced accuracy. Several simulations varying the coverage range, the random behavior of the kinetic generator (modeled as a Poisson Process) and the periodic activation of GPS are included. In addition, this study is enhanced with HW developments and implementations on commercial off-the-shelf equipment which show the feasibility for performing these proposals on real hardware

A Heterogeneous Wireless Identification Network for the Localization of Animals Based on Stochastic Movements

The improvement in the transmission range in wireless applications without the use of batteries remains a significant challenge in identification applications. In this paper, we describe a heterogeneous wireless identification network mostly powered by kinetic energy, which allows the localization of animals in open environments. The system relies on radio communications and a global positioning system. It is made up of primary and secondary nodes. Secondary nodes are kinetic-powered and take advantage of animal movements to activate the node and transmit a specific identifier, reducing the number of batteries of the system. Primary nodes are battery-powered and gather secondary-node transmitted information to provide it, along with position and time data, to a final base station in charge of the animal monitoring. The system allows tracking based on contextual information obtained from statistical data