A testbed for MANETs: Implementation, experiences and learned lessons

In this paper, we present the implementation, experiences and lessons learned of our tesbed for Ad-hoc networks and Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs). We used OLSR protocol for real experimental evaluation. We investigate the effect of mobility and topology changing in the throughput of a MANET. We study the impact of best-effort traffic for Mesh Topology and Linear Topology. In this work, we consider eight experimental models and we assess the performance of our testbed in terms of throughput, round trip time and packet loss. We found that some of the OLSR's problems can be solved, for instance the routing loop, but this protocol still has the self-interference problem. Also, there is an intricate interdependence between MAC layer and routing layer. We carried out the experiments considering stationary nodes of an Ad-hoc network and the node mobility of MANETs. We found that throughput of TCP was improved by reducing Link Quality Window Size (LQWS). For TCP data flow, we got better results when the LQWS value was 10. Moreover, we found that the node join and leave operations increase the packet loss. The OLSR protocol has a good performance when the source node is moving. However, the performance is not good when the relay nodes are moving.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Experimental evaluation of a MANET testbed in indoor stairs scenarios

In recent years, Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANETs) are continuing to attract the attention for their potential use in several fields. Mobility and the absence of any fixed infrastructure make MANETs very attractive for mobility and rescue operations and time-critical applications. In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our implemented MANET testbed considering the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol. We consider two models. One when all the nodes are static and another one when one node is moving. The mobile node moves toward the destination at a regular speed and when arrives at the corner of stairs is stops for about three seconds. In this work, we assess the performance of our MANET testbed in terms of throughput and packet loss. From our experiments, we found that the OLSR protocol has a good performance when nodes are in stationary state. However, when the node moves the throughput is decreased. We observed that the number of packet loss increases after 2-hops for static model and after 1-hop for moving model. But, when the node is moving, the packet loss for 2-hops to 4-hops is almost the same.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Performance Evaluation of MANET Routing Protocols: Simulations and Experiments

A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile terminals that are able to dynamically form a temporary network without any aid from fixed infrastructure or centralized administration. In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our implemented MANET testbed and simulation system considering Ad-hoc On demand Distance Vector (AODV) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocols for wireless multi-hop networking. We investigate the effect of mobility and topology changing in MANET. We evaluate and compare the performance by simulation (using ns-2 simulator) and experiments in a real environment. In this work, we consider two models: stationary and mobile. We assess the performance of our testbed and simulation in terms of throughput, number of received packets and hop distance. From the results, we found that the AODV protocol has a good performance when the relay node is moving. Also, the AODV protocol provides a flexible and effective routing for indoor environments

Mobility effects of wireless multi-hop networks in indoor scenarios

A Mobile Ad hoc Network (MANET) is a collection of wireless mobile terminals that are able to dynamically form a temporary network without any aid from fixed infrastructure or centralized administration. In recent years, MANETs are continuing to attract the attention for their potential use in several fields such as military activities, rescue operations and time-critical applications. In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our implemented wireless multi-hop network testbed considering the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol for wireless multi-hop networking. We investigate the effect of mobility and topology changing in MANET. We study the impact of best-effort traffic for non line of sight communication. In this work, we consider three models: stationary, mobility and non line of sight communication models. We assess the performance of our testbed in terms of throughput and packet loss. From the experimental results, we found that OLSR has not a good performance when the relay node is moving. Also, the performance deteriorates when the CBR is higher.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Mobility effects on the performance of mobile ad hoc networks

In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our implemented testbed considering the Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) protocol for Mobile Ad hoc Networks (MANET). We investigate the effect of mobility and topology changing in the throughput of MANETs. We study the impact of best-effort traffic for Mesh Topology. Experimental time is 150 seconds. In this work, we consider 6 experimental models and we assess the performance of our testbed in terms of throughput, round trip time and packet loss. From our experiments, we found that the OLSR protocol has a good performance when the source node is moving. However, the performance is not good when the three relay nodes are moving.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Adoption of vehicular ad hoc networking protocols by networked robots

This paper focuses on the utilization of wireless networking in the robotics domain. Many researchers have already equipped their robots with wireless communication capabilities, stimulated by the observation that multi-robot systems tend to have several advantages over their single-robot counterparts. Typically, this integration of wireless communication is tackled in a quite pragmatic manner, only a few authors presented novel Robotic Ad Hoc Network (RANET) protocols that were designed specifically with robotic use cases in mind. This is in sharp contrast with the domain of vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET). This observation is the starting point of this paper. If the results of previous efforts focusing on VANET protocols could be reused in the RANET domain, this could lead to rapid progress in the field of networked robots. To investigate this possibility, this paper provides a thorough overview of the related work in the domain of robotic and vehicular ad hoc networks. Based on this information, an exhaustive list of requirements is defined for both types. It is concluded that the most significant difference lies in the fact that VANET protocols are oriented towards low throughput messaging, while RANET protocols have to support high throughput media streaming as well. Although not always with equal importance, all other defined requirements are valid for both protocols. This leads to the conclusion that cross-fertilization between them is an appealing approach for future RANET research. To support such developments, this paper concludes with the definition of an appropriate working plan

Experimental evaluation of the usage of ad hoc networks as stubs for multiservice networks

This paper describes an experimental evaluation of a multiservice ad hoc network, aimed to be interconnected with an infrastructure, operator-managed network. This network supports the efficient delivery of services, unicast and multicast, legacy and multimedia, to users connected in the ad hoc network. It contains the following functionalities: routing and delivery of unicast and multicast services; distributed QoS mechanisms to support service differentiation and resource control responsive to node mobility; security, charging, and rewarding mechanisms to ensure the correct behaviour of the users in the ad hoc network. This paper experimentally evaluates the performance of multiple mechanisms, and the influence and performance penalty introduced in the network, with the incremental inclusion of new functionalities. The performance results obtained in the different real scenarios may question the real usage of ad-hoc networks for more than a minimal number of hops with such a large number of functionalities deployed

Improving the Performance of Wireless LANs

This book quantifies the key factors of WLAN performance and describes methods for improvement. It provides theoretical background and empirical results for the optimum planning and deployment of indoor WLAN systems, explaining the fundamentals while supplying guidelines for design, modeling, and performance evaluation. It discusses environmental effects on WLAN systems, protocol redesign for routing and MAC, and traffic distribution; examines emerging and future network technologies; and includes radio propagation and site measurements, simulations for various network design scenarios, numerous illustrations, practical examples, and learning aids

Performance analysis of OLSR and BATMAN protocols considering link quality parameter

In this paper, we present the implementation and analysis of our testbed considering the link quality window size (LQWS) parameter of optimized link state routing (OLSR) and better approach to mobile ad-hoc networking (B.A.T.M.A.N.) protocols. We investigate the effect of mobility in the throughput of a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET). The mobile nodes move toward the destination at a regular speed. When the mobile nodes arrive at the corner, they stop for about three seconds. In our experiments, we consider two cases: only one node is moving (mobile node)and two nodes (intermediate nodes) are moving at the same time. We assess the performance of our testbed in terms of throughput, round trip time, jitter and packet loss. From our experiments, we found that throughput of TCP was improved by reducing LQWS.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

Impact of Sparse and Dense Deployment of Nodes Under Different Propagation Models in Manets

Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is the most emerging and fast-expanding technology in the last two decades. One of the major issues and challenging areas in MANET is the process of routing due to dynamic topologies and high mobility of mobile nodes. The efficiency and accuracy of a protocol depend on many parameters in these networks. In addition to other parameters node velocity and propagation models are among them. Calculating signal strength at the receiver is the responsibility of a propagation model while the mobility of nodes is responsible for the topology of the network. A huge amount of loss in performance is occurred due to the variation of signal strength at the receiver and obstacles between transmissions. In this paper,it has been analyzed to check the impact of different propagation models on the performance of Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR) in Sparse and Dense scenarios in MANET. The simulation has been carried out in NS-2 by using performance metrics as average packet drop average latency and average Throughput. The results predicted that propagation models and mobility have a strong impact on the performance of OLSR in considered scenarios