The Impact of Coordination Quality on Coordination Dynamics and Team Performance: When Humans Team with Autonomy

abstract: This increasing role of highly automated and intelligent systems as team members has started a paradigm shift from human-human teaming to Human-Autonomy Teaming (HAT). However, moving from human-human teaming to HAT is challenging. Teamwork requires skills that are often missing in robots and synthetic agents. It is possible that adding a synthetic agent as a team member may lead teams to demonstrate different coordination patterns resulting in differences in team cognition and ultimately team effectiveness. The theory of Interactive Team Cognition (ITC) emphasizes the importance of team interaction behaviors over the collection of individual knowledge. In this dissertation, Nonlinear Dynamical Methods (NDMs) were applied to capture characteristics of overall team coordination and communication behaviors. The findings supported the hypothesis that coordination stability is related to team performance in a nonlinear manner with optimal performance associated with moderate stability coupled with flexibility. Thus, we need to build mechanisms in HATs to demonstrate moderately stable and flexible coordination behavior to achieve team-level goals under routine and novel task conditions.Dissertation/ThesisDoctoral Dissertation Engineering 201

User-centered design through learner-centered instruction

Cataloged from PDF version of article.This article initially demonstrates the parallels between the learner-centered approach in education and the user-centered approach in design disciplines. Afterward, a course on human factors that applies learner-centered methods to teach user-centered design is introduced. The focus is on three tasks to identify the application of theoretical and methodological approach. The major instructional methods utilized in the tasks are role enactment, project-based learning, case-based learning and reflection. These tasks develop students' knowledge, attitude and skills reflecting on their selves, their social and physical environment. Finally, the results of the study on students' evaluations of the course and their learning are presented. The study findings indicate that the course has been successful in its learning objectives. Multiple methods of learner-centered instruction complement lecture sessions and one-another to enhance student learning of user-centered design in different levels of cognitive and affective domains

User-centred design and the focus group: developing the student designer's empathic horizons.

User-centred design is now established as an important aspect of design training. This approach employs the centrality of the user both as resource and focus for design. Developing this the authors put forward the concept of an individual designer’s empathic horizon (McDonagh-Philp and Denton, 1999). This can be defined as the individual’s range of understanding and empathy for user experiences in different contexts. It is suggested that the further a designer can develop their empathic horizon the better they are able to design for given ranges of users. This paper firstly examines the concepts of user-centred design and individual designer’s empathic horizon. The paper makes proposals as to how user-centred design approaches could be employed at a school-level to develop the individual student designer’s empathic horizon. Attention will be paid to the concept of development and progression

The Butterfly Effect: Creative Sustainable Design Solutions through Systems thinking

FAIM: Intelligent Manufacturing now, Limerick, Irelan

Application of Work Psychodynamics to the Analysis of CEOs' 'Presentation of Self': Resorting to an 'Astute' Clinical Methodology

Does work psychodynamics--a sub-discipline of clinical psychology in the field of work sciences--offer a relevant methodological reference to analyze the psychological processes that come into play when a CEO is working? The objective of this article is to propose an answer to this question by going back to a doctoral research, which focused on the clinical analysis of the CEOs' "presentation of self," noted as one aspect of their work. The author's arguments for a clinical approach are presented as well as the later decision to resort to "astute" tactics that, beyond the traditional frameworks of work psychodynamics, were required to have access to the CEOs' presentation of self. Following the presentation of the research's achievements, the article shows that, while methodologically unconventional, the astute tactics proved useful in ushering in new elements of knowledge that otherwise would have remained inaccessible. Notably, the specifics of the intersubjective relationship that was established between the author and each CEO had a major positive impact on the interpretations. To legitimize this clinical approach further, the conclusion draws a few indications on criteria that could be investigated to scientifically validate the qualitative methods and their interpretive results

Measuring transformational leadership profiles : An empirical study across 21 nations in a multinational company

The main purpose of this empirical research is to validate and verify the transformational leadership sand cone model, a decision-making model covering essential behaviours for transformational leaders, from resource allocations to the direction of outcomes. By using transformational leadership indexes and the Analytic Hierarchy Processbased questionnaire as well as a descriptive research approach, we measure the effectiveness of transformational leadership for 86 leaders located in 21 different geographical zones around the world. The results provide an effective measuring method and also a quantitative result that may provide the organisation a new insight into developing training programmes for global leaders. The model can be used as a direct guideline for leaders to follow and improve their transformational leadership skills. It can also be used for recruitment, selection or promotion purposes. Moreover, the model can be utilised as an aid in developing sustainable careers for global leaders.https://typeset.io/formats/taylor-and-francis/theoretical-issues-in-ergonomics-science/a6003b104353f360517ab2d879f13ae1fi=vertaisarvioitu|en=peerReviewed

Unpacking and Illustrating Coiro’s Multifaceted Heuristic of Digital Reading Through the Development of the COT-R Assessment

Although much research exists on digital reading, confusion about literacy terminology persists. Inspired by a recent article in Reading Research Quarterly, the authors explore a multifaceted heuristic of digital reading developed by Julie Coiro. The heuristic, which offers a way to systematically organize, label, and define complex terms, concepts, and practices related to digital reading experiences, served as a reference point to examine the authors’ journey of defining digital reading. Highlighting three aspects of Coiro’s heuristic--text, activity, and context--the authors begin by describing the development of an authentic online reading assessment instrument (COT-R), which focuses on elementary students’ processes of online text navigation and evaluation. The authors then unpack the complexities of defining digital reading encountered during the evolution of the assessment instrument. In addition, they argue for increased attention on hyperlinks, which they found to be a defining text feature of online reading