The Effect of Fabrication Method on Passive UHF RFID Tag Performance

In passive Radio Frequency Identification (RFID), transponders or tags are used to label objects to be identified. In this study passive tag antennas were produced using etching, screen-printing, and gravure printing methods. The threshold and backscattered signal strengths of the tags were measured to determine the effect of different manufacturing methods on the tags' performance. Conductivity, skin depth, thickness, and the quality of the conducting layer have a major effect on tag performance. Each manufacturing method sets its own boundary conditions on the processibility of the high quality conduction layer and such conditions need to be considered in tag design. Tag design also affects the manufacturing parameters used in the different techniques. The results of the study show that each of the studied fabrication methods can be used to manufacture reliable RFID tags

Application of advanced on-board processing concepts to future satellite communications systems: Bibliography

Abstracts are presented of a literature survey of reports concerning the application of signal processing concepts. Approximately 300 references are included

Journal of Telecommunications and Information Technology, 2022, nr 3

kwartalni

State of the art survey of technologies applicable to NASA's aeronautics, avionics and controls program

The state of the art survey (SOAS) covers six technology areas including flightpath management, aircraft control system, crew station technology, interface & integration technology, military technology, and fundamental technology. The SOAS included contributions from over 70 individuals in industry, government, and the universities

The NASA SBIR product catalog

The purpose of this catalog is to assist small business firms in making the community aware of products emerging from their efforts in the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) program. It contains descriptions of some products that have advanced into Phase 3 and others that are identified as prospective products. Both lists of products in this catalog are based on information supplied by NASA SBIR contractors in responding to an invitation to be represented in this document. Generally, all products suggested by the small firms were included in order to meet the goals of information exchange for SBIR results. Of the 444 SBIR contractors NASA queried, 137 provided information on 219 products. The catalog presents the product information in the technology areas listed in the table of contents. Within each area, the products are listed in alphabetical order by product name and are given identifying numbers. Also included is an alphabetical listing of the companies that have products described. This listing cross-references the product list and provides information on the business activity of each firm. In addition, there are three indexes: one a list of firms by states, one that lists the products according to NASA Centers that managed the SBIR projects, and one that lists the products by the relevant Technical Topics utilized in NASA's annual program solicitation under which each SBIR project was selected

Collective Communications and Computation Mechanisms on the RF Channel for Organic Printed Smart Labels and Resource-limited IoT Nodes

Radio Frequency IDentification (RFID) and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are seen as enabler technologies for realizing the Internet of Things (IoT). Organic and printed Electronics (OE) has the potential to provide low cost and all-printable smart RFID labels in high volumes. With regard to WSN, power harvesting techniques and resource-efficient communications are promising key technologies to create sustainable and for the environment friendly sensing devices. However, the implementation of OE smart labels is only allowing printable devices of ultra-low hardware complexity, that cannot employ standard RFID communications. And, the deployment of current WSN technology is far away from offering battery-free and low-cost sensing technology. To this end, the steady growth of IoT is increasing the demand for more network capacity and computational power. With respect to wireless communications research, the state-of-the-art employs superimposed radio transmission in form of physical layer network coding and computation over the MAC to increase information flow and computational power, but lacks on practicability and robustness so far. With regard to these research challenges we developed in particular two approaches, i.e., code-based Collective Communications for dense sensing environments, and time-based Collective Communications (CC) for resource-limited WSNs. In respect to the code-based CC approach we exploit the principle of superimposed radio transmission to acquire highly scalable and robust communications obtaining with it at the same time as well minimalistic smart RFID labels, that can be manufactured in high volume with present-day OE. The implementation of our code-based CC relies on collaborative and simultaneous transmission of randomly drawn burst sequences encoding the data. Based on the framework of hyper-dimensional computing, statistical laws and the superposition principle of radio waves we obtained the communication of so called ensemble information, meaning the concurrent bulk reading of sensed values, ranges, quality rating, identifiers (IDs), and so on. With 21 transducers on a small-scale reader platform we tested the performance of our approach successfully proving the scalability and reliability. To this end, we implemented our code-based CC mechanism into an all-printable passive RFID label down to the logic gate level, indicating a circuit complexity of about 500 transistors. In respect to time-based CC approach we utilize the superimposed radio transmission to obtain resource-limited WSNs, that can be deployed in wide areas for establishing, e.g., smart environments. In our application scenario for resource-limited WSN, we utilize the superimposed radio transmission to calculate functions of interest, i.e., to accomplish data processing directly on the radio channel. To prove our concept in a case study, we created a WSN with 15 simple nodes measuring the environmental mean temperature. Based on our analysis about the wireless computation error we were able to minimize the stochastic error arbitrarily, and to remove the systematic error completely

Biosensors for Diagnosis and Monitoring

Biosensor technologies have received a great amount of interest in recent decades, and this has especially been the case in recent years due to the health alert caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. The sensor platform market has grown in recent decades, and the COVID-19 outbreak has led to an increase in the demand for home diagnostics and point-of-care systems. With the evolution of biosensor technology towards portable platforms with a lower cost on-site analysis and a rapid selective and sensitive response, a larger market has opened up for this technology. The evolution of biosensor systems has the opportunity to change classic analysis towards real-time and in situ detection systems, with platforms such as point-of-care and wearables as well as implantable sensors to decentralize chemical and biological analysis, thus reducing industrial and medical costs. This book is dedicated to all the research related to biosensor technologies. Reviews, perspective articles, and research articles in different biosensing areas such as wearable sensors, point-of-care platforms, and pathogen detection for biomedical applications as well as environmental monitoring will introduce the reader to these relevant topics. This book is aimed at scientists and professionals working in the field of biosensors and also provides essential knowledge for students who want to enter the field

Field-Effect Sensors

This Special Issue focuses on fundamental and applied research on different types of field-effect chemical sensors and biosensors. The topics include device concepts for field-effect sensors, their modeling, and theory as well as fabrication strategies. Field-effect sensors for biomedical analysis, food control, environmental monitoring, and the recording of neuronal and cell-based signals are discussed, among other factors