136 research outputs found
A Comparative Analysis on IoT Communication Protocols for Future Internet Applications
With the emergence of 5G, the Internet of Things (IoT) will bring about the
next industrial revolution in the name of Industry 4.0. The communication
aspect of IoT devices is one of the most important factors in choosing the
right device for the right usage. So far, the IoT physical layer communication
challenges have been met with various communications protocols that provide
varying strengths and weaknesses. And most of them are wireless protocols due
to the sheer number of device requirements for IoT. In this paper, we summarize
the network architectures of some of the most popular IoT wireless
communications protocols. We also present them side by side and provide a
comparative analysis revolving around some key features, including power
consumption, coverage, data rate, security, cost, and Quality of Service (QoS).
This comparative study shows that LTE-based protocols like NB-IoT and LTE-M can
offer better QoS and robustness, while the Industrial, Scientific, and Medical
(ISM) Band based protocols like LoRa, Sigfox, and Z-wave claim their place in
usage where lower power consumption and lesser device complexity are desired.
Based on their respective strengths and weaknesses, the study also presents an
application perspective of the suitability of each protocol in a certain type
of scenario and addresses some open issues that need to be researched in the
future. Thus, this study can assist in the decision making regarding choosing
the most suitable protocol for a certain field
Autonomous Collision Avoidance in Small Scale Vehicles
The undergraduate research performed in this study focused on autonomous collision avoidance in small scale vehicles. The goal of this study was to find equipment to build a fully autonomous small scale vehicle for use in different applications. Radio frequency communication, ultrasonic sensors, and single board computers were used to create an autonomous vehicle for multiple applications. Different communication protocols and sensors were investigated, and an explanation was specified concerning the hardware choice. The main communication protocol tested was Long Range Wide Area Network, and the main electronics tested and used were ultrasonic sensors, First Person View cameras, and the Arduino Mega 2560. Though the main communication protocol performed worse than anticipated, a different communication protocol was chosen and tested. The secondary communication protocol produced more promising results
A Wearable Fall Detection System based on LoRa LPWAN Technology
Several technological solutions now available in the
market offer the possibility of increasing the independent life
of people who by age or pathologies otherwise need assistance.
In particular, internet-connected wearable solutions are of considerable interest, as they allow continuous monitoring of the
user. However, their use poses different challenges, from the real
usability of a device that must still be worn to the performance
achievable in terms of radio connectivity and battery life. The
acceptability of a technology solution, by a user who would still
benefit from its use, is in fact often conditioned by practical
problems that impact the person’s normal lifestyle. The technological choices adopted in fact strongly determine the success
of the proposed solution, as they may imply limitations both
to the person who uses it and to the achievable performance.
In this document, targeting the case of a fall detection sensor
based on a pair of sensorized shoes, the effectiveness of a real
implementation of an Internet of Things technology is examined.
It is shown how alarming events, generated in a metropolitan
context, are effectively sent to a supervision system through
Low Power Wide Area Network technology without the need
for a portable gateway. The experimental results demonstrate
the effectiveness of the chosen technology, which allows the user
to take advantage of the support of a wearable sensor without
being forced to substantially change his lifestyle
Experimental Study on Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) for Mobile Internet of Things
In the past decade, we have witnessed explosive growth in the number of
low-power embedded and Internet-connected devices, reinforcing the new
paradigm, Internet of Things (IoT). The low power wide area network (LPWAN),
due to its long-range, low-power and low-cost communication capability, is
actively considered by academia and industry as the future wireless
communication standard for IoT. However, despite the increasing popularity of
`mobile IoT', little is known about the suitability of LPWAN for those mobile
IoT applications in which nodes have varying degrees of mobility. To fill this
knowledge gap, in this paper, we conduct an experimental study to evaluate,
analyze, and characterize LPWAN in both indoor and outdoor mobile environments.
Our experimental results indicate that the performance of LPWAN is surprisingly
susceptible to mobility, even to minor human mobility, and the effect of
mobility significantly escalates as the distance to the gateway increases.
These results call for development of new mobility-aware LPWAN protocols to
support mobile IoT.Comment: To appear at 2017 IEEE 85th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC'17
Spring
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Optimal Policy Derivation for Transmission Duty-Cycle Constrained LPWAN
Low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies enable Internet of Things (IoT) devices to efficiently and robustly communicate over long distances, thus making them especially suited for industrial environments. However, the stringent regulations on the usage of certain industrial, scientific, and medical bands in many countries in which LPWAN operate limit the amount of time IoT motes can occupy the shared bands. This is particularly challenging in industrial scenarios, where not being able to report some detected events might result in the failure of critical assets. To alleviate this, and by mathematically modeling LPWAN-based IoT motes, we have derived optimal transmission policies that maximize the number of reported events (prioritized by their importance) while still complying with current regulations. The proposed solution has been customized for two widely known LPWAN technologies: 1) LoRa and 2) Sigfox. Analytical results reveal that our solution is feasible and performs remarkably close to the theoretical limit for a wide range of network activity patterns
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