Complete Mouth Rehabilitation and Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease: Conventional and Contemporary Treatment Approaches

This report describes the diagnosis and prosthodontic management of 2 patients with a history of chronic gastroesophageal reflux disease and worn dentition. Different treatment approaches were used for oral rehabilitation. Use of conventional and contemporary restorative materials resulted in functional and esthetic prosthodontic rehabilitation with a favorable prognosis. Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a “condition which develops when the reflux of stomach contents causes troublesome symptoms and/or complications. Reflux episodes can be intensified by dietary habits, smoking, physical exercise, and obstructive sleep apnea.Complications of GERD are regurgitation, chest pain, esophagitis, Barrett’s esophagus, esophageal adenocarcinoma, cough, asthma, and dental erosion.GERD is associated with dental erosion and sleep bruxism,and dental erosion may be the only symptom of GERD. The purpose of this report was to present the oral diagnosis and management of 2 patients with chronic GERD who presented with tooth wear and required complete mouth rehabilitation. The restoration of dentition was achieved by following different treatment modalities

Abutment Selection for Anterior Implant-Supported Restorations

With the introduction of dental implants to the market, varying restorative options have been successfully added for restoring the function and esthetics of both completely and partially edentulous patients. Accurate prosthodontic rehabilitation is the key factor for providing the long-term success and the survival of osseointegrated implants. Implant-supported restorations can be fabricated with different techniques. The prefabricated abutments provided by the implant companies are accepted as the gold standard because of their biocompatibility and advanced mechanical properties. However, especially for the anterior restorations, they are increasingly being replaced by custom abutments ideally prepared with CAD/CAM techniques; due to disadvantages of prefabricated abutments such as esthetic flaws, mechanical insufficiency resulting from implant placement, unacceptable emergence profile, and unhygienic regions formed under angled abutments. Currently, custom abutments are reported to have functional and esthetic advantages over prefabricated abutments. In this chapter, indications for proper abutment selection, contemporary production techniques, and different abutment materials will be stated, and the current research on the subject will be discussed

Coating of Additive Manufactured Dental Suprastructures and its Interaction with Veneering Resin

This study has investigated the possibilities of coating additive manufactured titanium dental prosthesis structures. Different coating alternatives were evaluated with the regards of esthetics, function and implementation possibilities. The coatings were applied on test samples and the adhesion between the printed titanium structures and the coating as well as to resin veneering applied on top was tested. The coating methods that were evaluated were anodization, plasma electrolytic oxidation, physical vapor deposition, sol-gel as well as a conventional opaque resin coating. A so called Charpy test was conducted to evaluate if the different coatings affected the material strength, however the method proved unsatisfactory to study any differences caused by the coatings. The surface roughness was also tested for coated and non-coated samples. The possibility of implementing the coating at Dentsply were investigated by evaluating economic and technical aspects of the different coating methods. The shear bond test showed that the conventional method of opaque manual coating resulted in the highest bond strength, with anodization and plasma electrolytic oxidation being the second best. This study concluded that producing a large scale automated industrial method for coating titanium prosthetics before resin veneering poses several challenges. Although this thesis has put ground work into screening different available coatings, more development is needed in order to present an implementable solution.Coating of 3D Printed Titanium Prosthesis You might not have thought a lot about how dental prostheses are created, but once you need it certainly you would like one with the best possible quality and price! This thesis has investigated how to improve a coating process of these prostheses. This research has been about creating an improved coating for 3D printed dental titanium prostheses. The modern 3D printing process used to create these prostheses creates new possibilities for the manufacturer but also new challenges. This master’s thesis project was done in Belgium at a dental company called Dentsply Implants, giving access to valuable insight both in the process and product during the time there! The goal was to create a coating that was more efficient to produce whilst also being as functional as the one used today. The purpose of the coating is to achieve a good color and to help bonding between the titanium prosthesis and a top layer called resin that is applied in order for the prostheses to look like teeth and gum. This task proved quite a challenge since each prosthesis is unique and has a very complex geometry. Four different coatings were chosen to try out. For all of these the bonding was tested between the titanium and the resin as well as for the coating used in the process today. Possibilities to use these coatings in the process were also studied and calculations on the cost of implementing these coatings were also done. The results showed that the coating used today was still optimal when looking at the test results, and thus it was concluded that further development would be needed in order to improve the coating of the 3D printed tooth prostheses. To summarize this work can be used as a base to further develop dental prosthesis coatings, to improve efficiency and standards for these products

Comparative study of chemical and mechanical retentive systems for bonding of indirect composite resin to commercially pure titanium

This study evaluated the effect of chemical and mechanical surface treatments for cast metal alloys on the bond strength of an indirect composite resin (Artglass) to commercially pure titanium (cpTi). Thirty cylindrical metal rods (3 mm diameter x 60 mm long) were cast in grade-1 cpTi and randomly assigned to 6 groups (n=5) according to the received surface treatment: sandblasting; chemical treatment; mechanical treatment - 0.4 mm beads; mechanical treatment - 0.6 mm beads; chemical/mechanical treatment - 0.4 mm; and chemical/mechanical treatment - 0.6 mm beads. Artglass rings (6.0 mm diameter x 2.0 mm thick) were light cured around the cpTi rods, according manufacturer's specifications. The specimens were invested in hard gypsum and their bond strength (in MPa) to the rods was measured at fracture with a universal testing machine at a crosshead speed of 2.0 mm/min and 500 kgf load cell. Data were analyzed statistically by one-way ANOVA and Tukey test (a=5%). The surface treatments differed significantly from each other (p<0.05) regarding the recorded bond strengths. Chemical retention and sandblasting showed statistically similar results to each other (p=0.139) and both had significantly lower bond strengths (p<0.05) than the other treatments. In conclusion, mechanical retention, either associated or not to chemical treatment, provided higher bond strength of the indirect composite resin to cpTi.Este estudo avaliou o efeito de tratamentos de superfície químico e mecânico para ligas metálicas fundidas sobre a resistência de união de uma resina composta indireta (Artglass) ao titânio comercialmente puro (Ti cp). Trinta varetas cilíndricas metálicas (3 mm diâmetro x 60 mm comprimento) foram fundidas em Ti cp grau 1 e igualmente divididas em grupos de acordo com os seguintes tratamentos de superfície: jateamento, químico, mecânico com esferas de 0,4 mm, mecânico com esferas de 0,6 mm, químico/mecânico com esferas de 0,4 mm e químico/mecânico com esferas de 0,6 mm. Anéis de Artglass (6 mm diâmetro X 2 mm espessura) foram fotopolimerizados ao redor das varetas, de acordo com as recomendações do fabricante. Os corpos-de-prova foram embutidos em gesso-pedra e a resistência de união (MPa) foi medida em uma máquina universal de ensaios com velocidade de 2,0 mm/min e célula de carga de 500 kgf. Os dados foram analisados estatisticamente por ANOVA a um critério e teste de Tukey (a=5%). Houve diferença estatisticamente significante (p<0,05) entre os tratamentos de superfície quanto à resistência adesiva. Retenção química e jateamento apresentaram resultados estatisticamente semelhantes (p=0,139), e ambos apresentaram menores valores de retenção que os demais tratamentos (p<0,05). Em conclusão, a retenção mecânica, associada ou não a tratamento químico, apresentou melhores resultados de resistência adesiva do compósito indireto ao Ti cp.(FAPESP) São Paulo Research Foundatio

INTEGRATION PROCESSES QUALITY IN HETEROGENOUS ENVIRONMENTS

It presents heterogeneous distributed software applications concept. It describes integration techniques. It defines quality of integration processes regarding heterogeneous environments. It defines quality metrics for heterogeneous e-commerce applications.integration, distributed environments, software process

An Investigation into the Bonding Properties of New Generation Ceramic Brackets As Compared to a Stainless Steel Bracket

Introduction: More patients are seeking esthetic alternatives for their orthodontic treatment options, which has led to increased use of ceramic brackets in recent years. These brackets were marketed before independent scientific research was completed. Many of the early ceramic brackets used a silane coupling agent to allow for a chemical bond between the bracket and the adhesive resin. Early reports from clinicians of increased bond strengths and iatrogenic tooth damage after bracket removal were common. Manufacturers have made changes to their base designs, relying more on mechanical retention for bond strength. The goal of this study was to test the shear bond strength of two newer generations of mechanically retained ceramic brackets and compare them to a traditional stainless steel bracket. Materials and Methods: Two types of ceramic brackets, Clarity Advanced (3M Unitek, Monrovia, CA), and Avex CX (Opal Orthodontics, South Jordan, UT) and one type of metal bracket, Victory Series MBT (3M, Unitek, Monrovia, CA) were used in this study. Exemption from IRB Application was granted by the Marquette University Institutional Review Board (IRB) on 7-12-13. The shear bond strength of the three groups of brackets were examined after bonding to extracted premolars. Brackets were debonded with a universal testing machine (Instron Corporation, Canton, MA) in a motion parallel to the bracket/tooth interface. Each tooth and bracket was viewed under an optical stereomicroscope at 10x magnification and given an adhesive remnant index (ARI) score. The one way ANOVA and Tukey\u27s post hoc tests were used to determine significant differences in bond strengths, and the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney post hoc tests were used to analyze the difference in ARI scores. Results: Statistically significant (p\u3c0.01) differences were found between the shear bond strengths of the Victory Series and Clarity Advanced groups, with the Victory Series having a mean strength of 199.4 N and the Clarity Advanced having an average of 136.0 N. Significant (p\u3c0.0001) differences in ARI scores were found between the Victory Series and both ceramic groups, with an average score of 1 for the Victory Series and an average score of 2 for both ceramic groups. The two ceramic brackets were not statistically different from each other in bond strength or ARI score. Conclusions: The shear bond strengths of the new generations of ceramic brackets are lower than those of the metal bracket tested, which suggests a safer bond to enamel. Further research on clinical debonding characteristics and behavior intra-orally are needed to support the in vitro results found in this study

Avaliação da resistência ao cisalhamento da união entre duas ligas a base de CoCr e uma cerâmica

INTRODUCTION: Based on the importance of the integrity of the metal/ceramic interface, the purpose of this work was to evaluate the shear bond strength of the metal-ceramic union of two Co-Cr alloys (Wirobond C, Bego; Remanium 2000, Dentaurum) combined with Omega 900 ceramic (Vita Zahnfabrik). MATERIAL and METHOD: Eleven cylindrical matrixes were made for each alloy, and the metallic portion was obtained with the lost wax casting technique with standardized waxing of 4mm of height and of 4mm of diameter. The ceramic was applied according to the manufacturer’s recommendations with the aid of a teflon matrix that allowed its dimension to be standardized in the same size as the metallic portion. The specimens were submitted to the shear bond test in an universal testing machine (EMIC), with the aid of a device developed for such intention, and constant speed of 0.5mm/min. RESULTS and CONCLUSIONS: The mean resistance was 48.387MPa for Wirobond C alloy, with standard deviation of 17.718, and 55.956MPa for Remanium 2000, with standard deviation of 17.198. No statistically significant difference was observed between the shear strength of the two metal-ceramic alloys. ______________________________________________________________________________________________________________ RESUMOINTRODUÇÃO: Baseados na importância da integridade da interface metal-cerâmica, este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a resistência ao cisalhamento da união metal-cerâmica de duas ligas de Co-Cr (Wirobond C, Bego; Remanium 2000, Dentaurum) combinadas com a cerâmica Omega 900 (Vita Zahnfabrik). MATERIAIS E MÉTODOS: Foram confeccionados 11 corpos-de-prova cilíndricos para cada liga utilizada, sendo que a porção metálica foi obtida por fundição pela técnica da cera perdida, através de enceramentos padronizados com 4mm de altura por 4mm de diâmetro. A aplicação da cerâmica foi realizada segundo recomendações do fabricante, com auxílio de uma matriz de teflon que permitia sua padronização com as mesmas dimensões da porção metálica. Os corpos-de-prova foram submetidos ao ensaio de resistência ao cisalhamento em máquina de ensaios universal (EMIC), com auxílio de dispositivo desenvolvido para tal propósito, sob velocidade constante de 0,5mm/ min. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: As médias de resistência obtidas foram 48,387 MPa para a liga Wirobond C, com desvio padrão de 17,718, e 55,956 MPa para a Remanium 2000, com desvio padrão de 17,198. Após análise de variância foi possível observar que não há diferença estatisticamente significante entre os valores de resistência ao cisalhamento das duas ligas metalocerâmicas

Ecology and esthetics, esthetic ecology and the ecological esthetic in the landscape:Contributions to the apparent tonguetwister

The interface between ecology and esthetics does not only exist but is often vaster than thought at first sight. The implications of one for the other are diverse and often subtle, but both dimensions share a link that is as elusive as it is significant because of its influence on human behavior and on the landscape itself. Therefore, it is increasingly viewed as one of the aspects in the complex human–nature reality that should receive serious consideration to better manage the landscape. However, this relationship can be approached in different ways, and each of these perspectives will shape certain outcomes and different ways of intervening in the landscape. This article presents a generic framework of the models of analysis and intervention in the landscape from the point of view of how they address the ecological and esthetic component, with the aim of defining the limits in which each one moves, the differentiating nuances, and the repercussions they can have on the landscape. Likewise, the strategy that would best incorporate a more effective and meaningful relationship between ecology and esthetics in landscape planning is suggested

Influence of popular beverages on the fracture resistance of implant-supported bis-acrylic resin provisional crowns: an in vitro study

Implant-supported provisional restorations are critical for improving the esthetics and shaping of the peri-implant tissue. The mechanical properties of these provisional materials can be influenced by saliva, food, beverages, and interactions between these materials in the oral environment. Therefore, integrity of provisional restorations should be preserved throughout the treatment period. This study aimed to evaluate the fracture strength of implant-supported polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) provisional restorations made of computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing when immersed in different solutions at a controlled temperature of 37° C for 7 days. Each analog-pillar-crown set was submerged in different liquids (distilled water, tea, coffee, red wine, and Coca Cola®) for 1 week at a controlled oral temperature of 37° C. The samples were then subjected to fracture forces. The moment of fracture of the crown was recorded and compared with those of the other samples. Specimens immersed in distilled water (control group) had the highest fracture resistance (mean [M]=1331.00, standard deviation [SD]=296.74), while those immersed in tea had the lowest mean strength to fracture (M=967.00, SD=281.86). Nutritional deficiency and inappropriate eating habits influence the fracture strength of temporary crowns, rendering them more elastic or less resistant to fractures