216,408 research outputs found
Entertainment R&D for Defense
IEEE CG&A, January/February 2003, pp.28-36.Accepted/Published Paper (Refereed
The NBA and the Single Entity Defense: A Better Case?
This Article will explore the relationship between the National Basketball Association, its independently-owned teams, and associated corporate entities, including the Womenâs NBA, NBA Properties, NBA Developmental League, NBA China, and single entity analysis under section 1 of the Sherman Act. Section 1 chiefly aims to prevent competitors from combining their economic power in ways that unduly impair competition or harm consumers, be it in terms of raised prices, diminished quality, or limited choices. Single entities are exempt from section 1 because they are considered âone,â rather than competitors, and thus their collaboration does not implicate anticompetitive concerns.
In American Needle v. NFL, the Supreme Court will decide whether the National Football League, its teams, and associated corporate entities, constitute a single entity. Other leagues, including the NBA, may be impacted by the Courtâs decision. If the NBA were a single entity, it could potentially execute exclusive contracts with video game companies and apparel companies, restrain playersâ salaries and employment autonomy, and impose heightened age restrictions on amateur players who seek employment in the NBA, all without concern for section 1 scrutiny.
In a recent feature in the Yale Law Journal, I discourage the Court from recognizing the NFL as a single entity but recommend that Congress consider targeted, sports league-related exemptions from section 1. In this Article, I survey whether the NBAâs globalized business agenda and the leagueâs exposure to competition from foreign professional basketball leagues necessitate that NBA teams act in unison and with a âshared consciousness.â The necessity of cooperation, at least for certain international endeavors, may distinguish NBA teams from teams in NFL, which remain more anchored to domestic operations. To the extent Congress considers legislative exemptions for professional sports leagues, the experience of the NBA, a trailblazer in promoting a league product abroad, may lend insight on how antitrust law should regulate leagues in the years ahead
Bringing Sexy Back: Unauthorized Film Editing, Copyright, and How Removing Reproductive Acts Violates Reproduction Rights
The Multicolored Asian Ladybird, Harmonia axyridis, is an extremely successful invasive species. Here we suggest that, in addition to many other traits, the dorsal spines of its larvae contribute to their success, as suggested by behavioral observations of agonistic interactions between H. axyridis and European coccinellids. In coccinellids, the role of dorsal spines in these interactions has been poorly studied and they could be a physical protection against intraguild predators. Dorsal spines of second instar H. axyridis larvae were removed with micro-scissors, which resulted in spineless larvae after molting (spineless group). These larvae were then exposed to starved Coccinella septempunctata larvae. Two control categories were also submitted to interactions: H. axyridis larvae with all their spines (control group) and with their spines, but injured by pin stings (injured group). Spine removal at the second instar did not hamper H. axyridis development. The bite rate by C. septempunctata was significantly higher on the spineless H. axyridis and more dorsally located compared to the control and injured groups, while no bite rate difference was observed between the injured and the control group. Our results suggest that in addition to behavioral and chemical defenses, the dorsal spines play a significant protective role against bites. Therefore, spines in ladybirds could be considered as a morphological defense against intraguild predation. In H. axyridis, these defenses might contribute to its success in food resources already exploited by other guild members and thus further facilitate the invasion of new areas.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe
Product Placement and the Effects of Persuasion Knowledge
This study examines the effect of persuasion knowledge and cognitive busyness on attitude toward a brand embedded in a popular movie. Product placement is filling an increasingly important role in marketing strategy as conventional techniques have been rendered ineffective by their own ubiquity. Cognitive busyness was hypothesized to cause a product placement message to be processed on a superficial, peripheral level. If joined with persuasion knowledge, the subjectâs lack of ability to devote resources to critically evaluate the message would activate compartmentalized knowledge of products and brands increasing the ease of this informationâs mental accessibility and thus aid the formation of favorable brand attitudes. A controlled laboratory experiment reveals that when viewers watch the movie in a natural setting, viewers with persuasion knowledge exhibit lower attitude toward the placed brand than viewers without persuasion knowledge. However, such backlash brand-damaging effects are absent, if not reversed, when viewers watch the movie in a cognitively busy setting
Vertical Merger Enforcement Actions: 1994âApril 2020
We have revised our earlier listing of vertical merger enforcement actions by the Department of Justice and Federal Trade Commission since 1994. This revised listing includes 66 vertical matters beginning in 1994 through April 2020. It includes challenges and certain proposed transactions that were abandoned in the face of Agency concerns. This listing can be treated as an Appendix to Steven C. Salop and Daniel P. Culley, Revising the Vertical Merger Guidelines: Policy Issues and an Interim Guide for Practitioners, 4 JOURNAL OF ANTITRUST ENFORCEMENT 1 (2016)
Developments in the Law: Judicial Review of Agency Rulemaking and Adjudication
Transporter, resursslöseri och okunskap hos konsumenter tyder pĂ„ att den globala matindustrin Ă€r ohĂ„llbar och ett alternativ till den industrialiserade matproduktionen Ă€r att konsumera mer nĂ€rproducerat och ekologiskt och öka medvetenheten om hur vĂ„r mat hamnar pĂ„ bordet. DĂ€rför Ă€r det intressant att studera fenomenet stadsodling som uppstĂ„r pĂ„ allt fler stĂ€llen runtom i vĂ€rlden. Syftet med detta arbete Ă€r att undersöka de ekologiska, sociala och ekonomiska hĂ„llbarhetsaspekterna med stadsodling och frĂ„gestĂ€llningen lyder: âHur kan stadsodling bidra till ekologisk, social och ekonomisk hĂ„llbarhet?â För att besvara frĂ„gestĂ€llningen studeras litteratur och ett fall i verkligheten, TrĂ€dgĂ„rd pĂ„ spĂ„ret. Resultatet visar att det finns olika typer av stadsodling och att TrĂ€dgĂ„rd pĂ„ spĂ„ret Ă€r en variant som har flera sociala och ekologiska aspekter. Det visar sig att stadsodling som ett medel till att försörja en stads invĂ„nare med mat Ă€r orealistiskt men att stadsodling har mĂ„nga andra aspekter inom hĂ„llbarhet. Stadsodling kan verka för social hĂ„llbarhet genom att vara en plats för rekreation och sociala möten. Det kan Ă€ven bidra med identitet och lokalt engagemang. Ăven ekologisk hĂ„llbarhet kan uppstĂ„ genom att biologisk mĂ„ngfald frĂ€mjas och pedagogiska vĂ€rden kring livsmedel och ekologi uppstĂ„r. Drivkraften bakom stadsodling Ă€r i de flesta fall inte ekonomisk och stadsodling för generering av vinst Ă€r en utmaning
The Phases and Faces of the Duke Lacrosse Controversy: A Conversation James E. Coleman, Jr.
This panel took place at the 2008 Annual Meeting of the Southeastern Association of Law Schools ( SEALS ) in July 2008 in West Palm Beach, Florid
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