Robust Watermarking Method By Systematic Block Diffusion Using Discrete Cosine Transform

Digital watermarks have long been considered as a security feature. A watermarking method that involves the diffusion of limited watermark information into a large part of an image’s data has high robustness. The diffused information is summed up to a single component before detecting the watermark. The summing up process eliminates small noises by an averaging effect, which improves the robustness of the embedded watermark against attack. In this field, thus far, only an asymmetrical Chirp transformation with a small block size has been attempted. In this study, a new verification experiment for a large block size of 256 × 256 pixels is conducted. High robustness of the proposed method is revealed. This includes the finding that, in the case of a JPEG compression attack, the proposed system is robust even at strong compression of 1/70. As for a clipping attack, embedded watermarks can be detected with up to seven pixel clipping of an embedded image

Survey on 2D-DCT Based Image Watermarking with High Implanting Limit and Robustness

The proposed strategy displays a novel rank-based image watermarking. In watermark installing process, the host picture is separated into squares, trailed by 2-D Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT). For every picture block, a mystery key is produced utilizing RFC 2898, which incorporates techniques for making a key and introduction vector (IV) from a secret word and salt. The inserting of watermark bits is completed by adjusting the arrangement of DCT coefficients utilizing a rank-based installing rule.The created mystery key is imparted to the receiver while sending the picture.On watermark location process, with the utilization of accessible mystery key, the watermarked bits are distinguished and are extricated inview of positions of discovery lattices. The pictures transferred for general visibility is shown by DCT which assumes a vital part in keeping up the measure of the picture amid this procedure. Since the proposed watermarking strategy just uses two DCT coefficients to shroud one watermark bit, high installing limit can be accomplished. Also, this strategy is free of host signalinterference. This sought component andthe use of a blunder cushion in watermarkinserting can bring about high vigor against assaults. Hypothetical examination and trial results will exhibit the adequacy of the proposed strategy

Digital watermarking : applicability for developing trust in medical imaging workflows state of the art review

Medical images can be intentionally or unintentionally manipulated both within the secure medical system environment and outside, as images are viewed, extracted and transmitted. Many organisations have invested heavily in Picture Archiving and Communication Systems (PACS), which are intended to facilitate data security. However, it is common for images, and records, to be extracted from these for a wide range of accepted practices, such as external second opinion, transmission to another care provider, patient data request, etc. Therefore, confirming trust within medical imaging workflows has become essential. Digital watermarking has been recognised as a promising approach for ensuring the authenticity and integrity of medical images. Authenticity refers to the ability to identify the information origin and prove that the data relates to the right patient. Integrity means the capacity to ensure that the information has not been altered without authorisation. This paper presents a survey of medical images watermarking and offers an evident scene for concerned researchers by analysing the robustness and limitations of various existing approaches. This includes studying the security levels of medical images within PACS system, clarifying the requirements of medical images watermarking and defining the purposes of watermarking approaches when applied to medical images

Robust Logo Watermarking

Digital image watermarking is used to protect the copyright of digital images. In this thesis, a novel blind logo image watermarking technique for RGB images is proposed. The proposed technique exploits the error correction capabilities of the Human Visual System (HVS). It embeds two different watermarks in the wavelet/multiwavelet domains. The two watermarks are embedded in different sub-bands, are orthogonal, and serve different purposes. One is a high capacity multi-bit watermark used to embed the logo, and the other is a 1-bit watermark which is used for the detection and reversal of geometrical attacks. The two watermarks are both embedded using a spread spectrum approach, based on a pseudo-random noise (PN) sequence and a unique secret key. Robustness against geometric attacks such as Rotation, Scaling, and Translation (RST) is achieved by embedding the 1-bit watermark in the Wavelet Transform Modulus Maxima (WTMM) coefficients of the wavelet transform. Unlike normal wavelet coefficients, WTMM coefficients are shift invariant, and this important property is used to facilitate the detection and reversal of RST attacks. The experimental results show that the proposed watermarking technique has better distortion parameter detection capabilities, and compares favourably against existing techniques in terms of robustness against geometrical attacks such as rotation, scaling, and translation

The Most Common Characteristics of Fragile Video Watermarking: A Review

The progress of network and multimedia technologies has been phenomenal during the previous two decades. Unauthorized users will be able to copy, retransmit, modify reproduction, and upload the contents more easily as a result of this innovation. Malicious attackers are quite concerned about the development and widespread use of digital video. Digital watermarking technology gives solutions to the aforementioned problems. Watermarking methods can alleviate these issues by embedding a secret watermark in the original host data, allowing the genuine user or file owner to identify any manipulation. In this study, lots of papers have been analyzed and studied carefully, in the period 2011–2022. The historical basis of the subject should not be forgotten so studying old research will give a clear idea of the topic. To aid future researchers in this subject, we give a review of fragile watermarking approaches and some related papers presented in recent years. This paper presents a comparison of many relevant works in this field based on some of the outcomes and improvements gained in these studies, which focuses on the common characteristics that increase the effect of watermarking techniques such as invisibility, tamper detection, recovery, and security &nbsp

Robust Watermarking Schemes for Digital Images

With the rapid development of multimedia and the widespread distribution of digital data over the internet networks, it has become easy to obtain the intellectual properties. Consequently, the multimedia owners need more than ever before to protect their data and to prevent their unauthorized use. Digital watermarking has been proposed as an effective method for copyright protection and an unauthorized manipulation of the multimedia. Watermarking refers to the process of embedding an identification code or some other information called watermark into digital multimedia without affecting the visual quality of the host multimedia. Such a watermark can be used for several purposes including copyright protection and fingerprinting of the multimedia for tracing and data authentication. The goal in a watermarking scheme is to embed a watermark that is robust against various types of attacks while preserving the perceptual quality of the cover image. A variety of schemes have been proposed in the literature to achieve these goals for watermarking of images. These schemes either provide good imperceptibility of the watermark without sufficient resilience to certain types of attacks or provide good robustness against attacks at the expense of degraded perceptual quality of the cover images. The objective of this work is to develop image watermarking schemes with performance that is superior to those of existing schemes in terms of their robustness against various types of attacks while preserving the perceptual of the cover image. In this thesis, two new digital image watermarking schemes are proposed. In the first scheme, an Arnold transform integrated DCT-SVD based image watermarking scheme is developed. The main idea in this scheme is to improve the robustness of the watermarking further by scrambling the watermark data using the Arnold transform while still preserving the good perceptibility of the watermarked image furnished by a DCT-SVD based embedding. Also, it is shown that considerable savings in the computation time to recover the original watermark image can be provided by using the anti-Arnold transform in the watermark extraction process. In the second scheme, a DWT-SVD digital image watermarking scheme that makes use of visual cryptography to embed and extract a binary watermark image is developed. The use of visual cryptography in the proposed watermarking scheme is intended to provide improved robustness against attacks along with furnishing security to the content of the embedded data. Extensive experiments are conducted throughout this investigation in order to examine the performance of the proposed watermarking schemes. It is shown that the two proposed watermarking schemes developed in this thesis provide a performance superior to that of the existing schemes in terms of robustness against various types of attacks while preserving the perceptual quality of the cover image