Asymptotic and finite-time almost global attitude tracking: representations free approach

In this paper, the attitude tracking problem is considered using the rotation matrices. Due to the inherent topological restriction, it is impossible to achieve global attractivity with any continuous attitude control system on $SO(3)$. Hence in this work, we propose some control protocols achieve almost global tracking asymptotically and in finite time, respectively. In these protocols, no world frame is needed and only relative state informations are requested. For finite-time tracking case, Filippov solutions and non-smooth analysis techniques are adopted to handle the discontinuities. Simulation examples are provided to verify the performances of the control protocols designed in this paper.Comment: arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1705.0282

Modeling, Analysis, and Optimization Issues for Large Space Structures

Topics concerning the modeling, analysis, and optimization of large space structures are discussed including structure-control interaction, structural and structural dynamics modeling, thermal analysis, testing, and design

Comprehensive review on controller for leader-follower robotic system

985-1007This paper presents a comprehensive review of the leader-follower robotics system. The aim of this paper is to find and elaborate on the current trends in the swarm robotic system, leader-follower, and multi-agent system. Another part of this review will focus on finding the trend of controller utilized by previous researchers in the leader-follower system. The controller that is commonly applied by the researchers is mostly adaptive and non-linear controllers. The paper also explores the subject of study or system used during the research which normally employs multi-robot, multi-agent, space flying, reconfigurable system, multi-legs system or unmanned system. Another aspect of this paper concentrates on the topology employed by the researchers when they conducted simulation or experimental studies

Quaternion regression and finite-time controllers for attitude dynamics

This dissertation presents two major research contributions to the field of attitude dynamics and control. The first topic comprises of estimating the angular velocity of a rigid body purely with orientation measurements expressed in terms of the quaternion parameterization. At first, the object of interest is assumed to be in pure-spin, and a simple two-step algorithm is derived and analyzed as part of this dissertation. These results are further extended for the general case of angular velocity estimation by way of relaxing the pure-spin restriction. The proposed angular velocity estimator is particularly useful in the context of vision-based navigation, as demonstrated through simulations. The second major research contribution from this dissertation is represented through a pair of new Lyapunov-based controllers that steer a fully actuated rigid body attitude system from an arbitrary initial configuration to any desired one within prescribed finite-time. The stability and convergence properties owing to these two controllers are analyzed through Lyapunov analysis and extensive numerical simulation studies. Finite-time attitude controllers, as opposed to asymptotic controllers, can be particularly useful in satellites that need to repeatedly reorient themselves with hard-deadline constraintsAerospace Engineerin

Synchronization of multiple rigid body systems: a survey

The multi-agent system has been a hot topic in the past few decades owing to its lower cost, higher robustness, and higher flexibility. As a particular multi-agent system, the multiple rigid body system received a growing interest since its wide applications in transportation, aerospace, and ocean exploration. Due to the non-Euclidean configuration space of attitudes and the inherent nonlinearity of the dynamics of rigid body systems, synchronization of multiple rigid body systems is quite challenging. This paper aims to present an overview of the recent progress in synchronization of multiple rigid body systems from the view of two fundamental problems. The first problem focuses on attitude synchronization, while the second one focuses on cooperative motion control in that rotation and translation dynamics are coupled. Finally, a summary and future directions are given in the conclusion

Controle híbrido bimodal de atitude de corpos rígidos baseado em quatérnios unitários

Tese (doutorado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Tecnologia, Departamento de Engenharia Elétrica, 2017.Esta tese tem como objetivo principal o desenvolvimento de um controlador híbrido capaz de resolver o problema de regulação de atitude de um corpo rígido (a partir do repouso) com melhor desempenho que o controlador híbrido histerético existente na literatura em termos de tempo de estabilização ou consumo de energia. A natureza híbrida do controlador é um requisito essencial para se obter um controle global e robusto a ruídos de medição e impedir efeitos indesejáveis como unwinding e chattering. A representação da atitude é feita com quatérnio unitário por possuir o menor número de parâmetros (quatro) que não apresenta singularidades. Propõe-se dois controladores distintos, ambos com duas variáveis de estado lógicas binárias, para o controle de atitude. O primeiro controlador, denominado HY, tem a variável principal determinada por um controle onoff com histerese para indicar qual representação em quatérnio da atitude de referência deve ser seguida e uma outra variável determinada por um controle on-off sem histerese para indicar a proximidade à região crítica sujeita a chattering. Esse esquema oferece mais oportunidades de atualização da variável principal que o controlador híbrido histerético, por exemplo quando há uma variação abrupta na atitude de referência. Isso reduz as chances do corpo seguir na direção da rotação mais longa. Contudo, essa estratégia impõe restrições na forma como o controlador é implementado (jumps não podem ter prioridade sobre flows). No segundo controlador proposto, denominado bimodal, ambas as variáveis são determinadas por um controle on-off com histerese. A variável principal indica qual representação em quatérnio da atitude de referência deve ser seguida e a outra variável indica a proximidade à região crítica sujeita a chattering. Essa estratégia elimina as restrições sobre a forma de implementação do controlador, porém torna a dinâmica dessas variáveis mais complexas, dado que uma variável interfere no comportamento da outra. O efeito resultante é que a banda de histerese do controle on-off referente à variável principal, se adapta de acordo com o estado da outra variá- vel, sendo ora igual, ora a metade do valor do parâmetro banda de histerese. Esse controlador é uma solução intermediária em termos de custo entre o controlador descontínuo e o controlador híbrido histerético. São apresentadas provas formais da estabilidade global do sistema e de sua robustez contra ruídos de medi- ção para ambos os controladores propostos. A eficácia dos controladores é mostrada por meio de simulações. Os resultados indicam que os controladores propostos apresentam vantagens quando a velocidade angular inicial e final é baixa. No caso do controlador bimodal, mesmo para outras velocidades angulares iniciais, o consumo de energia do sistema é, em média, inferior quando comparado com o controlador híbrido histerético. Melhores desempenhos em termos de consumo de energia ocorrem quando a banda de histerese é maior como no caso em que são usados sensores mais baratos ou em ambientes onde há muito ruído eletromagnético. Como extensão dos resultados anteriormente citados, foram propostas mais duas contribuições. A primeira refere-se ao problema de sincronização de atitude de uma rede de corpos rígidos (agentes). Foi proposto um controle distribuído com propriedade de estabilidade global e assintótica e robustez contra ruídos de medição para uma rede de agentes representada por um grafo não direcionado e conexo (cíclico ou acíclico). A segunda está relacionada com o controle cinemático da pose de um corpo rígido dentro do grupo de quatérnio dual unitário. Foi proposta uma extensão do controlador de atitude bimodal para pose. Em ambos os casos as provas formais são apresentadas e resultados de simulação ilustram as vantagens dos controladores propostos.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES).The main objective of this thesis is the development of a hybrid controller capable of solving the restto-rest attitude control problem with better performance than the hysteretic hybrid controller of literature in terms of settling time or energy consumption. The hybrid nature of the controller, in this case, is an essential requirement to achieve global control robust against measurement noise and to prevent undesirable effects such as unwinding and chattering. The attitude is represented by a unit quaternion since it provides the minimum number of parameters that does not present representation singularities. It is proposed two distinct controllers, both with two binary logic variables for the control of attitude. The first designed controller, named HY, has the main variable determined by an on-off control with hysteresis that indicates which quaternion representation of the reference attitude should be followed and the other variable determined by an on-off control without hysteresis that indicates the chattering prone region. This scheme offers more opportunities of updating the main variable than the hysteretic hybrid controller, for instance, when there is an abrupt variation in the reference attitude. As a consequence, the body is more likely to being pulled towards the shortest rotation direction. However, this strategy restricts the way the controller is implemented (jumps can not have higher priority than flows). In the second proposed controller, called bimodal, both variables are determined by an on-off control with hysteresis. The main variable indicates which quaternion representation of the reference attitude should be followed and the other variable indicates the chattering prone region. This strategy eliminates restrictions on the way the controller is implemented, but makes the dynamics of these variables more complex, since one variable influences the behavior of the other. The resulting effect is that the hysteresis width of the on-off control for the main variable adapts according to the state of the other variable being either equal or half of the value of the hysteresis width parameter. This controller is a middle term solution in terms of cost between the memoryless discontinuous and the hysteretic hybrid control. It is presented a formal proof that the two proposed controls lead to global stability without unwinding and are robust against measurement noise. The effectiveness of the controllers is shown through simulations. The results indicate that the proposed controllers have advantages when the initial and final angular velocities are low. In the case of the bimodal controller, even for other initial angular velocities, the energy consumption of the system is, on average, lower compared to the hysteretic hybrid controller. Better performances in terms of energy consumption occur when the hysteresis band is larger as is the case when cheaper sensors are used or in noisy electromagnetic environments. As an extension of the results mentioned above, two other contributions were proposed. One of them refers to the problem of attitude synchronization of a network of rigid bodies (agents). A distributed control with globally asymptotically stability property and robustness against noise measurement was proposed for an undirected connected network (cyclic or acyclic) of agents. The other one is related to the kinematic control of the pose of a rigid body within the unit dual quaternion group. It was proposed an extension of the bimodal attitude controller for the pose. For both cases, formal proofs are presented and simulation results illustrate the advantages of the proposed controllers

Advances in Spacecraft Systems and Orbit Determination

"Advances in Spacecraft Systems and Orbit Determinations", discusses the development of new technologies and the limitations of the present technology, used for interplanetary missions. Various experts have contributed to develop the bridge between present limitations and technology growth to overcome the limitations. Key features of this book inform us about the orbit determination techniques based on a smooth research based on astrophysics. The book also provides a detailed overview on Spacecraft Systems including reliability of low-cost AOCS, sliding mode controlling and a new view on attitude controller design based on sliding mode, with thrusters. It also provides a technological roadmap for HVAC optimization. The book also gives an excellent overview of resolving the difficulties for interplanetary missions with the comparison of present technologies and new advancements. Overall, this will be very much interesting book to explore the roadmap of technological growth in spacecraft systems

Second-Order Consensus of Networked Mechanical Systems With Communication Delays

In this paper, we consider the second-order consensus problem for networked mechanical systems subjected to nonuniform communication delays, and the mechanical systems are assumed to interact on a general directed topology. We propose an adaptive controller plus a distributed velocity observer to realize the objective of second-order consensus. It is shown that both the positions and velocities of the mechanical agents synchronize, and furthermore, the velocities of the mechanical agents converge to the scaled weighted average value of their initial ones. We further demonstrate that the proposed second-order consensus scheme can be used to solve the leader-follower synchronization problem with a constant-velocity leader and under constant communication delays. Simulation results are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed adaptive controllers.Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, submitted to IEEE Transactions on Automatic Contro