Design of Low-Voltage Digital Building Blocks and ADCs for Energy-Efficient Systems

Increasing number of energy-limited applications continue to drive the demand for designing systems with high energy efficiency. This tutorial covers the main building blocks of a system implementation including digital logic, embedded memories, and analog-to-digital converters and describes the challenges and solutions to designing these blocks for low-voltage operation

Application of plants extracts as green corrosion inhibitors for steel in concrete - a review

High requirements in protection of steel reinforcing bar (steel rebar) from corrosion are necessary since there are multi in�teraction of corrosive chemicals which cause early damage of concrete buildings. Corrosion of steel in concrete can destroy the concretes and reduce concrete strength. To protect rebar from corrosion, application of corrosion inhibitor is believed to have higher performance compared to other protection systems. To date, organic inhibitors have promising methods in steel rebar protection as they are environment-friendly, compatible with concrete, cost effective and applicable in any various concrete conditions. Thus, demands in using these in�hibitors tend to increase significantly. This paper reviews the applications of green corrosion inhibitor specifically high�lighted in protecting mechanisms, typical plants extracted, performance in corrosion protection, and classification of green corrosion inhibitors. The corrosion resistances of car�bon steels in concrete protected by green inhibitors are in fo�cus. As summary, it can be confidently notified that green cor�rosion inhibitors for steel in concrete will have a prospect to be used as corrosion prevention in the future with further im�provements

Adaptive optical interconnects: The ADDAPT project

Existing optical networks are driven by dynamic user and application demands but operate statically at their maximum performance. Thus, optical links do not offer much adaptability and are not very energy-effcient. In this paper a novel approach of implementing performance and power adaptivity from system down to optical device, electrical circuit and transistor level is proposed. Depending on the actual data load, the number of activated link paths and individual device parameters like bandwidth, clock rate, modulation format and gain are adapted to enable lowering the components supply power. This enables exible energy-efficient optical transmission links which pave the way for massive reductions of CO2 emission and operating costs in data center and high performance computing applications. Within the FP7 research project Adaptive Data and Power Aware Transceivers for Optical Communications (ADDAPT) dynamic high-speed energy-efficent transceiver subsystems are developed for short-range optical interconnects taking up new adaptive technologies and methods. The research of eight partners from industry, research and education spanning seven European countries includes the investigation of several adaptive control types and algorithms, the development of a full transceiver system, the design and fabrication of optical components and integrated circuits as well as the development of high-speed, low-loss packaging solutions. This paper describes and discusses the idea of ADDAPT and provides an overview about the latest research results in this field

Un algorithme hors-ligne en temps linéaire pour calculer les vitesses du processeur qui minimisent la consommation d'énergie

International audienc

Advanced Control Design for Voltage Scaling Converters

International audienceIn low-power electronics, achieving a high energy efficiency has great relevance. Nowadays, Global Asynchronous Local Synchronous Systems enables to use a Local Dynamic Voltage Scaling architecture, this technique allows achieve a high energy efficiency. Moreover, Local Dynamic Voltage Scaling can be implemented using different approaches. One of them is Vdd-Hopping technique. In this paper, different controllers are designed for a Vdd-Hopping system implemented in a novel discrete converter in order to search for control strategies that present better performance in terms of dissipated energy reduction. It is shown here that some of the provided control strategies not only reduce the dissipated energy, but also improves the current transients are improved

An Energy Optimization Technique for Latency and Quality Constrained Video Applications

이 논문은 지연 시간 및 화질 제약이 있는 비디오 응용을 위한 에너지 최적 화 기법을 제안한다.이는 두 가지 핵심 기법-프레임 생략 기법 및 버퍼링 기법 - 으로 구성되어있다.버퍼링은 운영 체제 수준에서 유휴 시간 이용률을 증가시키고, 프레임 생략은 응용 수준에서 유휴 시간 자체를 증가시키며, 양쪽 모두 동적 전압 조 절 기법의 효과를 향상시킨다.이 논문에서는 제안한 기법을 적용하기 위해H.263 부호기 응용을 사용한다. 실험에서는 제안한 기법이 주어진 지연 시간 및 화질 제약 을 만족하면서 괄목할만한 에너지 절감을 얻을 수 있음을 보인다

Revisiting multimedia streaming in mobile ad hoc networks

Mobile ad hoc networks have been the subject of active re-search for a number of years. This paper investigates the feasibility of using such networks for transmitting multime-dia streams. We observe that wireless network IO operations can be expensive (e.g., programmed IO cost, energy to op-erate wireless). Moreover, compared to nodes in infrastruc-ture networks that either read or write network traffic, ad hoc traffic requires the intermediate node to perform many expensive network operations twice (read and then resend) and on behalf of other nodes. This observation raises an im-portant question for the ad hoc community, should they a) demand that ad hoc routers support some minimum hard-ware resources (for example, full DMA support, twice the battery capacity)?, b) force an end-to-end resource manage-ment scheme that cooperatively reduces the network flow to half of what can be serviced by the weakest link? This would ensure that no intermediate node would see enough traffic to overwhelm them? or c) require that the local nodes protect themselves from transit traffic? This paper explores the last mechanism in order to provide some control over the resource consumed without a major revamp of existing operating systems or requiring special hardware. We im-plement our mechanism in the network driver and present encouraging preliminary results