Demigods of Technology Use – How Beating the Overconfidence Bias Can Prevent Medical Errors

The healthcare domain faces considerable challenges due to the digitization of medical processes and routines. Information technologies are designed to enable physicians to treat more patients and to increase service quality and patient safety. Despite acknowledging the rapid digital transformation of healthcare, research often neglects whether physicians are actually able to effectively decide which technology to use in which setting and whether their technology use thus effectively enhances quality and safety. Literature on cognitive biases already looked broadly at related errors in judgment and action and questioned rational behavior. Nevertheless, overconfidence, being one of the most common cognitive biases, has barely been linked to the accurate adoption and use of technology by physicians. Against this background, this research-in-progress paper proposes a framework for conducting a mixed-methods study based on the particularities of overconfidence in healthcare. We invite future research to compare our approach with established theoretical frameworks in IS research

Human error reduction program in SilTerra Malaysia Sdn Bhd: applying Canonical action research (CAR)

SilTerra Malaysia Sdn Bhd (SMSB) is a Malaysian’s premier wafer fabrication, a high technology company owns by Khazanah Nasional Berhad. Although there are engineering platforms and automation systems in place, human errors still occur among the wafer fabrication personnel, causing a huge loss every year. This research aimed to determine the factors that contribute to human errors. The factors then serve as the input for establishing SilTerra Small Group Activity (SSGA) to reduce human error excursion events in the Manufacturing Department. Canonical action research (CAR) was used as the basis in the research methodology. This research employed both the quantitative and the qualitative approaches, whereby 119 technicians participated in a survey that represented 25% of the total manufacturing population in SMSB. The survey was conducted to identify the factors that contribute to human errors in the Manufacturing Department. In addition, secondary data and feedback from the focus group that consisted of top management personnel were gathered to support the understanding of human error contributors. The research findings indicated that there are two main Human Error Classifications in SMSB, and they are Decision Error as well as Perceptual Error. The SSGA program, which has been continuously conducted, has shown a significant reduction in human error excursion events. The theoretical contribution in the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System (HFACS) applied in this research has significantly contributed to a meaningful result. This research focused mainly on human errors contributed by errors and violations. Other factors such as environmental factors, condition of operators and personal factors can be investigated in future studies. Besides, it will be interesting to extend the research to other types of manufacturing industries

Why Brilliant People Believe Nonsense: A Practical Text for Critical and Creative Thinking

The information explosion has made us information rich, but wisdom poor. Yet, to succeed in business and in life, we must distinguish accurate from bogus sources, and draw valid conclusions from mounds of data. This book, written for a general adult audience as well as students, takes a new look at critical thinking in the information age, helping readers to not only see through nonsense, but to create a better future with innovative thinking. Readers should see the practicality of enhancing skills that make them more innovative and employable, especially in a day when companies increasingly seek original thinkers, global visionaries, and thought leaders. Targeting high school seniors and college freshmen, but useful to all adult readers, the authors examine surprising and costly mental errors made by respected business leaders, entertainment moguls, musicians, civic leaders, generals and academics. Then, the authors draw practical applications to help readers avoid such mistakes and think more creatively in each field. Although written in an engaging and popular style, over 600 end notes provide authority to this content-rich document. Thus writers, researchers, teachers, and job seekers should find it a useful starting point for research into this important field. Home school teachers and public school educators will find an accompanying free website with lesson plans and teaching tips. It\u27s also a low-cost alternative to expensive texts. (The hard copy is priced reasonably and a pdf of the entire book will be offered free to students on their digital platforms.) Each chapter ends with thought questions and tips for further research.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/facbooks2015/1011/thumbnail.jp

Covid-19 and Capitalism

This open access book provides a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of Covid-19. From the end of 2019 until presently, the world has been ravaged by the Covid-19 pandemic. Although the cause of this is (obviously) a virus, the extent to which this virus spread, and therefore the number of infections and deaths, was largely determined by socio-economic factors. From this, it follows that the course of the pandemic varies greatly from one country to another. This observation applies both to countries’ resilience to such a pandemic (which is mainly rooted in the period preceding the outbreak of the virus) and to the way in which countries have reacted to the virus (including the political choices on how to respond). Meanwhile, research has made it clear that the nature of this response (e.g., elimination policy, mitigation policy, and proceeding herd immunity) was, on the one hand, strongly determined by political and ideological factors and, on the other hand, was highly influential in the factors of success or failure in combating the pandemic. The book focuses on the situation in a number of Western regions (notably the USA, the UK, and the EU and its Member States). The author addresses the reasons why in many Western countries both pandemic prevention and response policies to Covid-19 have failed. The book concludes with recommendations concerning the rearrangement of the socio-economic order that could increase the resilience of (Western) societies against such pandemics

Constructive Drinking in the Roman Empire: The First to Third Centuries AD

This thesis explores ancient ideas regarding the constructive properties of intoxicating drinks, as presented in Greco-Roman sources from the first to third centuries AD. In doing so, it responds to Mary Douglas’ Constructive Drinking (1987), which emphasised that, contrary to anthropological findings, many societies’ authorities tend to focus upon, and overemphasise, the destructive aspects of alcohol consumption. This pattern is particularly prevalent in modern Western scholarship. The same trend can be detected within both Greco-Roman society and classical scholarship. Although many Greeks and Romans undoubtedly consumed quantities of wine, on a regular basis, in a manner which was widely considered ‘moderate’, the literary evidence from this period tends to focus most heavily upon excessive and/or destructive drinking. Similarly, much of the modern scholarship which addresses drinking in the Roman Empire focuses upon drunkenness and the destructive aspects of drinking. Yet it is clear that Greco-Roman society considered wine consumption to be significantly beneficial, in a wide variety of ways, provided that moderation was employed. The destructive consequences of drinking were almost exclusively associated with excessive and inappropriate consumption. In reaction to this bias in the sources and scholarship, this thesis undertakes a re-reading of the ancient evidence through the ‘Constructive Drinking’ lens. It identifies and explores the ways in which the Greeks and Romans of this period considered drinking to be important, useful, or otherwise ‘constructive’ to the individual and society. Where possible, this thesis attempts to identify how important and widespread such beliefs were. This thesis has two main areas of focus. First, the ways in which intoxicating drink was considered to be constructive for an individual’s health and wellbeing. Second, the ways in which intoxicating drink was considered to be of social benefit to both individuals and groups. This thesis accordingly provides a fresh perspective on drinking in antiquity, and illustrates the methodological significance of the Constructive Drinking lens for future research.The Sir Richard Stapley Educational Trus

Obiter Dicta

"Stitched together over five years of journaling, Obiter Dicta is a commonplace book of freewheeling explorations representing the transcription of a dozen notebooks, since painstakingly reimagined for publication. Organized after Theodor Adorno’s Minima Moralia, this unschooled exercise in aesthetic thought—gleefully dilettantish, oftentimes dangerously close to the epigrammatic—interrogates an array of subject matter (although inescapably circling back to the curiously resemblant histories of Western visual art and instrumental music) through the lens of drive-by speculation. Erick Verran’s approach to philosophical inquiry follows the brute-force literary technique of Jacques Derrida to exhaustively favor the material grammar of a signifier over hand-me-down meaning, juxtaposing outer semblances with their buried systems and our etched-in-stone intuitions about color and illusion, shape and value, with lessons stolen from seemingly unrelatable disciplines. Interlarded with extracts of Ludwig Wittgenstein but also Wallace Stevens, Cormac McCarthy as well as Roland Barthes, this cache of incidental remarks eschews what’s granular for the biggest picture available, leaving below the hyper-specialized fields of academia for a bird’s-eye view of their crop circles. Obiter Dicta is an unapologetic experiment in intellectual dot-connecting that challenges much long-standing wisdom about everything from illuminated manuscripts to Minecraft and the evolution of European music with lyrical brevity; that is, before jumping to the next topic.

Covid-19 and Capitalism

This open access book provides a comprehensive analysis of the socioeconomic determinants of Covid-19. From the end of 2019 until presently, the world has been ravaged by the Covid-19 pandemic. Although the cause of this is (obviously) a virus, the extent to which this virus spread, and therefore the number of infections and deaths, was largely determined by socio-economic factors. From this, it follows that the course of the pandemic varies greatly from one country to another. This observation applies both to countries’ resilience to such a pandemic (which is mainly rooted in the period preceding the outbreak of the virus) and to the way in which countries have reacted to the virus (including the political choices on how to respond). Meanwhile, research has made it clear that the nature of this response (e.g., elimination policy, mitigation policy, and proceeding herd immunity) was, on the one hand, strongly determined by political and ideological factors and, on the other hand, was highly influential in the factors of success or failure in combating the pandemic. The book focuses on the situation in a number of Western regions (notably the USA, the UK, and the EU and its Member States). The author addresses the reasons why in many Western countries both pandemic prevention and response policies to Covid-19 have failed. The book concludes with recommendations concerning the rearrangement of the socio-economic order that could increase the resilience of (Western) societies against such pandemics

Conversations: The Journal of Cavellian Studies, no. 8

This issue focuses on philosophical dispensations of seeing the world in a “mooded” way

3rd ASIA International Conference (AIC 2017) Conference Program and Abstract Book

Rural tourism hasbeen shown to benefit local communities from the economic perspective. Digitalmarketing allows marketing information to be transmitted directly to potentialvisitors without the need for an intermediary, in a low-cost but effective way.Rural tourism destinations in Sarawak now have an opportunity to benefit from the Sarawak state government’sinitiative, the Digital Sarawak Centre of Excellence, in terms of digitalcontent creation and website maintenance. However, the current level of adoption is zero to minimal in ruraltourism destinations. This study examines the barriers towards digital marketingadoption from the perspective of rural tourism providers. Fieldwork was performed at two sites,Ba’kelalan and Long Lamai, in July 2016 and February 2017 respectively. A total of 19 respondents were interviewedin-depth. The study revealed thattourism providers currently depended on word-of-mouth or direct contact forbookings, but were willing to adopt digital marketing with the assistance ofknowledgeable parties. However, certainphysical, logistical and social constraints may have a detrimental effect onthe community’s readiness level to entertain tourists on a larger scale and mayfurther impede the overall progress of digital marketing adoption, at both theindividual and destination levels