D5.1 Leaflets

The specific deliverable is a collection of the special leaflets that were designed to inform stakeholders and other possible interested parties regarding the activities of the Remote Sensing lab within the framework of ATHENA project. For this purpose, 14 special leaflets were designed and uploaded on the project’s website. Additional information will be provided to all interested parties via the WP6 deliverables of the project

Remote Sensing and Geosciences for Archaeology

This book collects more than 20 papers, written by renowned experts and scientists from across the globe, that showcase the state-of-the-art and forefront research in archaeological remote sensing and the use of geoscientific techniques to investigate archaeological records and cultural heritage. Very high resolution satellite images from optical and radar space-borne sensors, airborne multi-spectral images, ground penetrating radar, terrestrial laser scanning, 3D modelling, Geographyc Information Systems (GIS) are among the techniques used in the archaeological studies published in this book. The reader can learn how to use these instruments and sensors, also in combination, to investigate cultural landscapes, discover new sites, reconstruct paleo-landscapes, augment the knowledge of monuments, and assess the condition of heritage at risk. Case studies scattered across Europe, Asia and America are presented: from the World UNESCO World Heritage Site of Lines and Geoglyphs of Nasca and Palpa to heritage under threat in the Middle East and North Africa, from coastal heritage in the intertidal flats of the German North Sea to Early and Neolithic settlements in Thessaly. Beginners will learn robust research methodologies and take inspiration; mature scholars will for sure derive inputs for new research and applications

Integrating HBIM models in the management of the public use of heritage buildings

[Otros] Le plus grand défi à relever pour bien gérer l¿accès du public aux édifices patrimoniaux et assurer la faisabilité à long terme de leur réutilisation est d¿établir une relation durable entre les visiteurs et les biens. L¿objectif de ce document est donc d¿identifier le rôle potentiel de la modélisation des données sur les bâtiments historiques (MDBH) pour l¿usage du public dans les bâtiments patrimoniaux. L¿étude, qui fait partie d¿un projet de recherche en science de la conception, limite sa portée à l¿élaboration des deux premières étapes d¿un protocole de MDBH complet pour l¿utilisation publique du patrimoine, en mettant l¿accent sur la gestion des visiteurs, la programmation de la conservation préventive et de l¿interprétation et de la diffusion du patrimoine afin de résoudre les difficultés décelées dans la gestion de ces quatre domaines. La méthodologie suivie comprend une revue de la littérature, une analyse d¿études de cas, des entrevues avec des intervenants, des visites sur le terrain et l¿analyse de documents techniques. Les résultats indiquent que la MDBH peut aider à améliorer et à optimiser la gestion de l¿utilisation des bâtiments historiques par le public.[EN] The greatest challenge in managing public access to heritage buildings and ensuring the long-term feasibility of their reuse is to establish a sustainable relationship between visitors and assets. The aim of this paper is thus to identify the potential role of Historic Building Information Modelling (HBIM) for public use in heritage buildings. The study, which is part of a design science research project, limits its scope to the development of the two first stages of a comprehensive HBIM protocol for the public use of heritage, focusing on visitor management, programming preventative conservation, and heritage interpretation and dissemination to solve the difficulties detected in the management of these four areas. The methodology followed involves a literature review, case study analysis, interviews with stakeholders, field visits, and analysis of technical documents. Results indicate that HBIM can help to improve and optimize the management of the public use of historic buildings.Authors thank the Editorial Board of the Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering and the reviewers at the 6th BIM-Lean workshop held at the University of Huddersfield for their reviews and useful comments. In addition, we also thank the experts in public use management for the data provided in the interviews, as well as the San Juan del Hospital, Monastery of the Descalzas Reales, and Cerralbo Museum for allowing us to use them as case studies.Salvador-García, E.; G-Valldecabres, J.; Viñals Blasco, MJ. (2020). Integrating HBIM models in the management of the public use of heritage buildings. Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering. 47(2):228-235. https://doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2018-0338S228235472Alonso-Monasterio, P. 2014. Análisis de la eficiencia comunicativa y las funciones interpretativas de los mapas turísticos para la visita de espacios con patrimonio. Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de València.Baik, A., and Boehm, J. 2017. Jeddah heritage building information modelling (JHBIM). In Heritage building information modelling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York. pp. 133–153.Barazzetti, L., Banfi, F., Brumana, R., Oreni, D., Previtali, M., and Roncoroni, F. 2015. HBIM and augmented information: towards a wider user community of image and range-based reconstructions. In The international archives of the photogrammetry, remote sensing and spatial information sciences. Vol. XL-5/W7, pp. 35–42.British Standards Institution (BSI). 2013. BS: 7913: Guide to the conservation of historic buildings.Bruno, S., De Fini, M., and Fatiguso, F. 2018. Historic building information modelling: performance assessment for diagnosis-aided information modelling and management. In Automation in Construction. Vol. 86, pp. 256–276.Casu, P., and Pisu, C. 2016. BIM application in documenting and recreating lost architectural heritage. In Handbook of research on visual computing and emerging geometrical design tools. IGI Global. pp. 144–173.Cos-Gayón López, F., Cordón Llácer, J., Anquela Julián, A.B., and Bonet Edesa, J.A. 2016. Aplicacions de realidad virtual inmersiva en el Teatro Romano de Sagunto (Valencia, España). In EUBIM. Universitat Politècnica de València, Valencia, Spain. pp. 138–149.Counsell, J., and Taylor, T. 2017. What are the goals of HBIM. In Heritage building information modelling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York.Edwards, J. 2017. It’s BIM but not as we know it! In Heritage building information modelling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London and New York.Garagnani, S., and Manferdini, A.M. 2013. Parametric accuracy: Building information modeling process applied to the cultural heritage preservation. In 3DArch2013. The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, Trento, Italia. pp. 87–92.García Hernández, M. 2003. Turismo y conjuntos monumentales: capacidad de acogida turística y gestión de flujos de visitantes. Tirant lo Blanch. València.Ham, S. 1992. Environmental interpretation. A practical guide for people with big ideas and small budgets. North American Press.Hawas, S., and Marzouk, M. 2017. Integrating value map with building information modelling approach for documenting historic buildings in Egypt. In Heritage building information modelling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York.Hegazy, Y.S. 2017. HBIM applications in Egyptian heritage sites. In Heritage building information modelling. Routledge Taylor & Francis Group, London & New York.Hilfert, T., & König, M. (2016). Low-cost virtual reality environment for engineering and construction. Visualization in Engineering, 4(1). doi:10.1186/s40327-015-0031-5Jordan-Palomar, I., Tzortzopoulos, P., García-Valldecabres, J., & Pellicer, E. (2018). Protocol to Manage Heritage-Building Interventions Using Heritage Building Information Modelling (HBIM). Sustainability, 10(4), 908. doi:10.3390/su10040908Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deporte de España. 2011. Plan nacional de conservación preventiva. Secretaría General Técnica. Centro de publicaciones. Edited by Ministerio de Educación Cultura y Deporte.Salvador García, E., García-Valldecabres, J., & Viñals Blasco, M. J. (2018). The use of HBIM models as a tool for dissemination and public use management of historical architecture: A review. International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning, 13(01), 96-107. doi:10.2495/sdp-v13-n1-96-107UNESCO. 2014. 37 C/4 Estrategia a medio plazo. Paris, France.(2004). Journal of Management Studies, 41(2). doi:10.1111/joms.2004.41.issue-2Viñals, M.J., and Alonso-Monasterio, P. 2013. Analysis of the spatial standards and perceptual components of the recreational carrying capacity applied to archaeological sites. Case study of Castellet de Bernabé (Lliria, Spain). In Methods and analysis on tourism and environment. Edited in Mondejar. Nova Science, New York. pp. 109–120.Viñals, M.J., Morant, M., and Alonso-Monasterio, P. 2013. Key issue in the ancient theatres recreational carrying capacity assessment studies. In Prototype of management plan for enhancement of new actualities. Juan, F. (coord.), Universitat Politècnica de València. pp. 89–96.Viñals, M. J., Martínez, I., Abdennadher, A., & Teruel, L. (2014). A recreational carrying capacity assessment of the 16th century Spanish Fort of Santiago on the Island of Chikly, Tunisia. Defence Sites II. doi:10.2495/dshf140161Viñals, M.J., Mayor, M., Martínez-Sanchis, I., Alonso-Monasterio, P., and Morant, M. 2017. Turismo sostenible y patrimonio: herramientas para la puesta en valor y planificación. Universitat Politècnica de València

Monitoring and Automatic Change Detection of Cultural Heritage Sites using Sentinels and Copernicus Contributing Missions

Currently available very high resolution space borne imagery can be used for mapping and 3D modeling of archaeologic sites and monuments from all over the world. This allows also the continuous monitoring, protection from natural and human threatening and may also be the base for virtual or real reconstruction of monuments. As an example it is shown how a mostly automatic approach for operationally monitoring from space may work on the example of the world heritage site of Palmyra, Syria

D4.7 Material from 4th workshop - ATHENA: Remote Sensing and archaeology: future and expectations

The specific deliverable summarizes the material related to the fourth workshop of the ATHENA project entitled as “ATHENA: Remote Sensing and archaeology: future and expectations”. The deliverable includes the overall agenda, the list of participants as well as the presentations carried out during the event. The minutes and the main outcomes of the workshop are also included in this report

Geoinformatics for the conservation and promotion of cultural heritage in support of the UN Sustainable Development Goals

Cultural Heritage (CH) is recognised as being of historical, social, and anthropological value and is considered as an enabler of sustainable development. As a result, it is included in the United Nations' Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 11 and 8. SDG 11.4 emphasises the protection and safeguarding of heritage, and SDG 8.9 aims to promote sustainable tourism that creates jobs and promotes local culture and products. This paper briefly reviews the geoinformatics technologies of photogrammetry, remote sensing, and spatial information science and their application to CH. Detailed aspects of CH-related SDGs, comprising protection and safeguarding, as well as the promotion of sustainable tourism are outlined. Contributions of geoinformatics technologies to each of these aspects are then identified and analysed. Case studies in both developing and developed countries, supported by funding directed at the UN SDGs, are presented to illustrate the challenges and opportunities of geoinformatics to enhance CH protection and to promote sustainable tourism. The potential and impact of geoinformatics for the measurement of official SDG indicators, as well as UNESCO's Culture for Development Indicators, are discussed. Based on analysis of the review and the presented case studies, it is concluded that the contribution of geoinformatics to the achievement of CH SDGs is necessary, significant and evident. Moreover, following the UNESCO initiative to introduce CH into the sustainable development agenda and related ICOMOS action plan, the concept of Sustainable Cultural Heritage is defined, reflecting the significance of CH to the United Nations' ambition to "transform our world"

Training of Crisis Mappers and Map Production from Multi-sensor Data: Vernazza Case Study (Cinque Terre National Park, Italy)

This aim of paper is to presents the development of a multidisciplinary project carried out by the cooperation between Politecnico di Torino and ITHACA (Information Technology for Humanitarian Assistance, Cooperation and Action). The goal of the project was the training in geospatial data acquiring and processing for students attending Architecture and Engineering Courses, in order to start up a team of "volunteer mappers". Indeed, the project is aimed to document the environmental and built heritage subject to disaster; the purpose is to improve the capabilities of the actors involved in the activities connected in geospatial data collection, integration and sharing. The proposed area for testing the training activities is the Cinque Terre National Park, registered in the World Heritage List since 1997. The area was affected by flood on the 25th of October 2011. According to other international experiences, the group is expected to be active after emergencies in order to upgrade maps, using data acquired by typical geomatic methods and techniques such as terrestrial and aerial Lidar, close-range and aerial photogrammetry, topographic and GNSS instruments etc.; or by non conventional systems and instruments such us UAV, mobile mapping etc. The ultimate goal is to implement a WebGIS platform to share all the data collected with local authorities and the Civil Protectio

The importance of Earth Observation for monitoring cultural heritage sites affected by fire events: The Case Study of Arakapas, Cyprus using Sentinel 2 data

This paper presents the importance of using Earth observation to assess the impact of fire events on monitoring cultural heritage sites. The use of sensors such as Sentinel 2 can detect burnt areas in order to determine the extent of fire events on cultural heritage sites, using the fire event in Arakapas, Cyprus as a case study. Sentinel-2 is a multispectral optical sensor acquiring information in a range extending from the visible up to the short-wave infrared, which is the most sensitive spectral range for the detection of damages caused by fire. Sentinel-2 can support cultural heritage monitoring and assessment allowing rapid revisit of any site of interest using pre- and post-event images, where burned areas can be detected with change detection techniques coupled with suitable, spectral indices. Such derived products assist in quickly raising awareness on the endangerment of cultural and natural heritage sites and landscapes, emphasising the importance of Earth observation data for monitoring natural hazards for the protection of valuable cultural heritage sites

Wireless Sensor Networks for Fire Detection and Control

Due to current technological progress, the manufacturing of tiny and low price sensors became technically and economically feasible. Sensors can measure physical surroundings related to the environment and convert them into an electric signal. A huge quantity of these disposable sensors is networked to detect and monitor fire. This paper provides an analysis of utilisation of wireless sensor networks for fire detection and control