Effects of cornus mas L. on blood glucose, insulin and histopathology of pancreas in alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Background: Diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels and disturbances in carbohydrate, fat and protein metabolism. Cornus mas (cornaceae) is one of the major medicinal plants in Asian countries that cotained high level of anthocyanins with potential to prevent hyperglycemia and obesity. In this study, we investigated antidiabetic effects of cornus mas in compared to glibenclamid as a standard drug on alloxan-induced diabetic rats. Methods: Thirty two male Wistar rats (190-240 g) were divided into four groups (n = 8): group 1 nondiabetic rats, group 2 alloxan-induced diabetic rats with no treatment, group 3 alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with glibenclamid (0.6 mg/kg body weight) and group 4 alloxan-induced diabetic rats treated with cornus mas fruit 2 g daily for 4 weeks. Diabetes was induced by single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan 120 (mg/kg body weight). Findings: The results indicated that treatment with cornus mas fruit orally significantly reduced blood glucose levels and increased insulin levels in treatment of diabetic rats compared with no treatment diabetic group. Concurrent histological studies of the pancreas demonstrated the same results. On the base of histological results, cornus mas have a significant on increasing the size of pancreatic islets than diabetic groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Our results showed that cornus mas fruit has antidiabetic effects and can improve pancreas damage caused by free radicals in diabetes. The effects of this fruit can occur due to the presence of anthocyanin and other antioxidant compounds

Comparison and characterization of chitinase in Cornus species

This research has demonstrated that there is a significant difference between a Dogwood Anthracnose resistant Cornus species than a susceptible species in chitinase activity following inoculation with Discula. Cornus mas (resistant) and Cornus florida (susceptible) were inoculated with Discula destructiva, (cause of Dogwood Anthracnose disease) and leaves were collected over a 12 day period. Protein from the inoculated leaves was extracted and assayed colorimetrically and enzymatically for chitinase in this investigation. Chitinase characterization was accomplished through the use of the Phastsystem to determine the iso-electric points and SDSpolyacrylamide gel electrophoresis for the molecular weight determinations. Colorimetric assay indicates chitinase activity in Cornus mas is expressed earlier than Cornus florida following infection. The enzymatic assay indicates the presence of activity over all days post-inoculation in both Cornus mas and Cornus florida. Two iso-electric points were determined for Cornus florida and three determined for Cornus mas. By using SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the molecular weights were identified as 65 +/- 5 kDa and 21 kDa in for both Cornus species. The iso-electric points were determined to be 5.6, 6.8, and 8.9 for Cornus mas and 5.6 and 6.8 for Cornus florida

The effect of Cornus mas in preventing recurrent urinary tract infections in women: A randomized controlled trial

Background and aims: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common and the second leading infections, after respiratory tract infections, in women. Currently, various chemical drugs are used to prevent the UTIs. Chemical drugs may cause antibiotic resistance and cause resistant strains likely grow in the long-term treatment with antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Cornus mas in preventing recurrent UTIs in women aged 15-45 years referring to Ayatollah Kashani Hospital Clinic in Shahrekord. Methods: This experimental study (Parallel Design and Triple-blind) was conducted on 42 women aged 15-45 years referring to Ayatollah Kashani Hospital Clinic of Shahrekord and diagnosed with chronic cystitis. The exclusion criteria were neurogenic bladder, genitourinary system anatomical abnormalities (hydronephrosis, ureterocele stone, etc), and bacterial resistance. The women were randomly assigned to 2 groups. At baseline, the women were examined for any functional and anatomical disorders and if it was necessary, they underwent ultrasound. After the current UTIs were treated and the women clinically recovered, one group was administered with Cornus mas tablet 500 mg and another group administered with placebo for 6 months. All the women were followed up for 6 months. Every 2 months, the patients were clinically examined and their urine cultures were investigated for the clinical signs of cystitis. As the symptoms of the UTIs occur, the patients were recommended to refer for repeated urine culture. All patients (42 women) completed the study. Results: In our study, no significant difference was observed between the groups in terms of recurrent UTI recurrence, although there were differences (P>0.005). Positive urine culture in Cornus mas group was 19 and in placebo was 33.4. In terms of dysuria in 6 months and the second time, there was a significant difference between placebo and Cornus mas (P=0.004) Dysuria in Cornus mas group was 14.2 and in placebo was 56.2. Conclusion: Cornus mas can decrease dysuria and frequent urination in patients with recurrent UTIs, so it can be used in the treatment of these patients

Iatrogenic Femoral Artery Pseudoaneurysm (REVIEW OF TREATMENT OPTIONS)

<p class="abstract"><strong>BACKGROUND:</strong> Atherosclerosis, which is a result of gradual deposition of lipids in the lower part of blood vessel endothelium, is the leading cause of mortality and morbidity around the world. It has been proved that some inflammatory blood markers such as fibrinogen can predict the risk for cardiovascular disease conditions, not only in cardiovascular patients, but also in those who do not have any manifestations of the atherosclerotic development. In this study, the effect of cornus mas l. was evaluated on fibrinogen of hypercholesterolemic rabbits and it was also compared with lovastatin drug.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; METHODS:</strong><strong> </strong>In this study, 25 New Zealand adult male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups of five. They were treated for 60 days by 5 different diets, namely basic, high cholesterol, regular plus 1 g/kgBW cornus mas L. powder, high cholesterol plus 1 g/kgBW cornus mas L. powder, and high cholesterol plus 10 mg/kgBW lovastatin. At the beginning and at the end of this period, blood samples were collected from the rabbits and their serum fibrinogen levels were measured.</p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; RESULTS:</strong> Cornus mas L. powder and lovastatin significantly decreased fibrinogen levels in comparison with high cholesterol group (P &lt; 0.05). Furthermore cornus mas L. powder could reduce the fibrinogen level more than lovastatin (P &lt; 0.05).<strong>&nbsp;</strong></p> <p class="abstract"><strong>&nbsp;&nbsp; </strong><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> The results indicated that consumption of cornus mas L. might be beneficial in atherosclerotic patients due to its reducing effects on fibrinogen.</p> <p class="abstract">&nbsp;</p><table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="left"><tbody><tr><td width="35" height="12"><br /></td></tr> <tr><td><br /></td> <td>&nbsp;</td></tr></tbody></table><p class="abstract">&nbsp;</p> <strong>Keywords:</strong> Atherosclerosis, Fibrinogen, Lovastatin, Rabbits

Comparison of growth of maiden trees of cultivars and genotypes of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) in a nursery

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) is still not a very popular fruit plant in Poland. Fruit growers have been recently increasingly interested in the cultivation of plants with fruits that can be widely used in processing. Fruits of Cornelian cherry can be eaten raw, and processed in various ways: for tinctures, juices, jams, silage, candied, etc. Both the fruits and preserves are characterised by high pro-health properties due to the content of vitamins, anthocyanins, and loganic acid. Cornus mas adapts well to the climate and soil conditions in Poland. The only limitation of its broader cultivation is lack of good planting material. The experiment investigated the efficiency of budding on two-year-old seedlings (Cornus mas L.) of several cultivars and genotypes of Cornelian cherry. Moreover, the height of plants, stem diameter, average number of shoots, number of leaves on selected shoots, and quality of roots were determined. The cornelian cherry maidens obtained by budding with dormant bud in August on two-year-old seedlings of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) constitutes high quality material suitable for establishing commercial plantations. Maiden trees of particular cultivars and genotypes of cornelian cherry significantly differ in height, diameter, number of branches and leaves, as well as the size of the root system. The diameter of the trunk is a good indicator of the quality of Cornelian cherry maiden, because it is closely positively correlated with the height of plants and the number of shoots

Селекційні форми Сornus mas L., перспективні для культивування в умовах степової зони України

The results of a complex studies of pomopogical and bioecological features of the Cornus mas L. selected forms under the conditions of the Steppe zone of Ukraine are given. The possibility of their vegetative reproduction for introduction into culture as perspective fruit plants of the region is considered.Наведено результати комплексних досліджень помологічних та біоекологічних особливостей селекційних форм Cornus mas L. в екологічних умовах степової зони України та визначено можливість їх вегетативної репродукції для впровадження в культуру як перспективних сортів для цього регіону

First report of Colletotrichum corni on Cornus mas in Austria

Im September 2011 wurde an Früchten von Cornus mas in der Gemeinde Dunkelsteinerwald (Bezirk Melk) der Pilz Colletotrichum corni nachgewiesen. Dies ist der erste Nachweis dieses Pilzes an Cornus mas in Österreich. &nbsp; &nbsp;In September 2011 the occurrence of Colletotrichum corni on fruits of Cornus mas in the village Dunkelsteinerwald (district Melk) is first reported for Austria. &nbsp; &nbsp

Effects of storage temperature on the total phenolic content of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits extracts

Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits are an important source of bioactive compounds, especially phenolics and anthocyanins which exhibit a high antioxidant activity and contribute to their numerous health benefits. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of storage temperature on the stability of polyphenolic compounds of Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits extracts, stored under darkness at 2 °C, 22 °C, 55 °C and 75 °C respectively. For all ana-lysed conditions, a first-order reaction kinetics was established for the degradation process of polyphenols. The degradation rate con-stants of the phenolic compounds at 2 °C and 22 °C presented com-parable values (4.79 and 4.88 × 10-3 day-1). The phenolics stored at 75 °C showed the lowest stability, with half-life value (t1/2) and reac-tion rate constant (k) of 8.79 days and 78.76 × 10-3 day-1, respectively. The temperature dependence of the polyphenols degradation rate constants was expressed by calculating the activation energy Ea (33.43 kJ mol-1) and the temperature coefficients Q10 of the process. The Cornelian cherry (Cornus mas L.) fruits extract can be stored at least 2 months at room temperature without significant loss of their bioactive compounds

Морфо-біологічні та популяційні особливості Cornus mas L. у Закарпатті

Modern area of Сornus mas L. in Transcarpathia is investigated. The condition of natural populations, their structure and variability of morphological characters are analyzed.Розглянуто сучасний ареал Cornus mas L. у Закарпатті, стан природних популяцій та їх структуру. Проаналізовано варіабельність морфологічних ознак

Inhibition of Digestive Enzymes and Antioxidant Activity of Extracts from Fruits of Cornus alba, Cornus sanguinea subsp. hungarica and Cornus florida - A Comparative Study

The fruits of some Cornus species (dogwoods) are used in traditional medicine and considered potential anti-diabetic and hypolipemic agents. The aim of the study was to determine the ability of extracts from Cornus alba (CA), Cornus florida (CF), and Cornus sanguinea (CS) to inhibit digestive enzymes namely α-amylase, pancreatic lipase, and α-glucosidase, as well as isolation of compounds from plant material with the strongest effect. In addition, the phytochemical profile and antioxidant activity of extracts from three dogwoods were compared with HPLC-DAD-MS/MS and DPPH scavenging assay, respectively. Among the aqueous-ethanolic extracts, the activity of α-amylase was the most strongly inhibited by the fruit extract of CA (IC50 = 115.20 ± 14.31 μg/mL) and the activity of α-glucosidase by the fruit of CF (IC50 = 38.87 ± 2.65 μg/mL). Some constituents of CA fruit extract, such as coumaroylquinic acid, kaempferol, and hydroxytyrosol derivatives, were isolated. Among the three species of dogwood studied, the greatest biological potential was demonstrated by CA extracts, which are sources of phenolic acids and flavonoid compounds. In contrast, iridoid compounds or flavonoid glycosides found in fruits of CF or CS extracts do not play a significant role in inhibiting digestive enzymes but exert antioxidant activity