11 research outputs found
An efficient contradiction separation based automated deduction algorithm for enhancing reasoning capability
Automated theorem prover (ATP) for first-order logic (FOL), as a significant inference engine, is one of the hot research areas in the field of knowledge representation and automated reasoning. E prover, as one of the leading ATPs, has made a significant contribution to the development of theorem provers for FOL, particularly equality handling, after more than two decades of development. However, there are still a large number of problems in the TPTP problem library, the benchmark problem library for ATPs, that E has yet to solve. The standard contradiction separation (S-CS) rule is an inference method introduced recently that can handle multiple clauses in a synergized way and has a few distinctive features which complements to the calculus of E. Binary clauses, on the other hand, are widely utilized in the automated deduction process for FOL because they have a minimal number of literals (typically only two literals), few symbols, and high manipulability. As a result, it is feasible to improve a prover's deduction capability by reusing binary clause. In this paper, a binary clause reusing algorithm based on the S-CS rule is firstly proposed, which is then incorporated into E with the objective to enhance E’s performance, resulting in an extended E prover. According to experimental findings, the performance of the extended E prover not only outperforms E itself in a variety of aspects, but also solves 18 problems with rating of 1 in the TPTP library, meaning that none of the existing ATPs are able to resolve them
Knowledge and Management Models for Sustainable Growth
In the last years sustainability has become a topic of global concern and a key issue in the strategic agenda of both business organizations and public authorities and organisations.
Significant changes in business landscape, the emergence of new technology, including social media, the pressure of new social concerns, have called into question established conceptualizations of competitiveness, wealth creation and growth.
New and unaddressed set of issues regarding how private and public organisations manage and invest their resources to create sustainable value have brought to light. In particular the increasing focus on environmental and social themes has suggested new dimensions to be taken into account in the value creation dynamics, both at organisations and communities level.
For companies the need of integrating corporate social and environmental responsibility issues into strategy and daily business operations, pose profound challenges, which, in turn, involve numerous processes and complex decisions influenced by many stakeholders. Facing these challenges calls for the creation, use and exploitation of new knowledge as well as the development of proper management models, approaches and tools aimed to contribute to the development and realization of environmentally and socially sustainable business strategies and practices
Assuming Data Integrity and Empirical Evidence to The Contrary
Background: Not all respondents to surveys apply their minds or understand
the posed questions, and as such provide answers which lack coherence, and
this threatens the integrity of the research. Casual inspection and limited
research of the 10-item Big Five Inventory (BFI-10), included in the dataset of
the World Values Survey (WVS), suggested that random responses may be
common.
Objective: To specify the percentage of cases in the BRI-10 which include
incoherent or contradictory responses and to test the extent to which the
removal of these cases will improve the quality of the dataset.
Method: The WVS data on the BFI-10, measuring the Big Five Personality (B5P), in South Africa (N=3 531), was used. Incoherent or contradictory responses were removed. Then the cases from the cleaned-up dataset were analysed for their theoretical validity.
Results: Only 1 612 (45.7%) cases were identified as not including incoherent
or contradictory responses. The cleaned-up data did not mirror the B5P- structure, as was envisaged. The test for common method bias was negative. Conclusion: In most cases the responses were incoherent. Cleaning up the data did not improve the psychometric properties of the BFI-10. This raises concerns about the quality of the WVS data, the BFI-10, and the universality of B5P-theory. Given these results, it would be unwise to use the BFI-10 in South Africa. Researchers are alerted to do a proper assessment of the
psychometric properties of instruments before they use it, particularly in a
cross-cultural setting
Leading Towards Voice and Innovation: The Role of Psychological Contract
Background: Empirical evidence generally suggests that psychological
contract breach (PCB) leads to negative outcomes. However, some literature
argues that, occasionally, PCB leads to positive outcomes.
Aim: To empirically determine when these positive outcomes occur, focusing
on the role of psychological contract (PC) and leadership style (LS), and
outcomes such as employ voice (EV) and innovative work behaviour (IWB).
Method: A cross-sectional survey design was adopted, using reputable
questionnaires on PC, PCB, EV, IWB, and leadership styles. Correlation
analyses were used to test direct links within the model, while regression
analyses were used to test for the moderation effects.
Results: Data with acceptable psychometric properties were collected from 11
organisations (N=620). The results revealed that PCB does not lead to
substantial changes in IWB. PCB correlated positively with prohibitive EV, but did not influence promotive EV, which was a significant driver of IWB. Leadership styles were weak predictors of EV and IWB, and LS only partially moderated the PCB-EV relationship. Conclusion: PCB did not lead to positive outcomes. Neither did LS influencing the relationships between PCB and EV or IWB. Further, LS only partially influenced the relationships between variables, and not in a manner which positively influence IWB
THE ROLE OF JAVANESE CULTURE IN CHARACTER BUILDING AT ELEMENTARY SCHOOL
Nowadays, character education becomes a major concern in Indonesia. Character development has been done
by various strategy, but the results is yet to be seen. Character development should beginin elementary school
in order that the children's charactercould formed early so that it could be developed until they are mature.
One of the efforts of character building is integrating the local wisdom in learning. One of them is the
Javanese culture. Javanese culture has a variety of rules called the "unggah-ungguh" that always give good
models to the public community, especially to the Javanese. Along with the times, the Javanese culture that
upholds ethics began to degraded and replaced by foreign cultures that came later. The parents’ roles in
instilling the Javanese culture to their children also decreased gradually. This paper will examine the Javanese
culture’s roles toward the character building in elementary schools’ students. Descriptive method supported by
a depth review of the literature and the previous studies is used in this paper as a method. Based on the results
of these reviews, we obtain some information about the types and mechanisms of Javanese culture in character
building of students, especially elementary school students