7,399 research outputs found
Contemporary Mathematical Approaches to Computability Theory
In this paper, I present an introduction to computability theory and adopt contemporary mathematical definitions of computable numbers and computable functions to prove important theorems in computability theory. I start by exploring the history of computability theory, as well as Turing Machines, undecidability, partial recursive functions, computable numbers, and computable real functions. I then prove important theorems in computability theory, such that the computable numbers form a field and that the computable real functions are continuous
A Proof of the S-m-n theorem in Coq
This report describes the implementation of a mechanisation of the theory of computation in the Coq proof assistant which leads to a proof of the Smn theorem. This mechanisation is based on a model of computation similar to the partial recursive function model and includes the definition of a computable function, proofs of the computability of a number of functions and the definition of an effective coding from the set of partial recursive functions to natural numbers. This work forms part of a comparative study of the HOL and Coq proof assistants
Algebraic Characterizations of Complexity-Theoretic Classes of Real Functions
Recursive analysis is the most classical approach to model and discuss computations over the reals. It is usually presented using Type 2 or higher order Turing machines. Recently, it has been shown that computability classes of functions computable in recursive analysis can also be defined (or characterized) in an algebraic machine independent way, without resorting to Turing machines. In particular nice connections between the class of computable functions (and some of its sub- and sup-classes) over the reals and algebraically defined (sub- and sup-) classes of -recursive functions à la Moore 96 have been obtained. However, until now, this has been done only at the computability level, and not at the complexity level. In this paper we provide a framework that allows us to dive into the complexity level of functions over the reals. In particular we provide the first algebraic characterization of polynomial time computable functions over the reals. This framework opens the field of implicit complexity of functions over the reals, and also provide a new reading of some of the existing characterizations at the computability level
Sub-computable Boundedness Randomness
This paper defines a new notion of bounded computable randomness for certain
classes of sub-computable functions which lack a universal machine. In
particular, we define such versions of randomness for primitive recursive
functions and for PSPACE functions. These new notions are robust in that there
are equivalent formulations in terms of (1) Martin-L\"of tests, (2) Kolmogorov
complexity, and (3) martingales. We show these notions can be equivalently
defined with prefix-free Kolmogorov complexity. We prove that one direction of
van Lambalgen's theorem holds for relative computability, but the other
direction fails. We discuss statistical properties of these notions of
randomness
Formalizing Computability Theory via Partial Recursive Functions
We present an extension to the library of the Lean theorem
prover formalizing the foundations of computability theory. We use primitive
recursive functions and partial recursive functions as the main objects of
study, and we use a constructive encoding of partial functions such that they
are executable when the programs in question provably halt. Main theorems
include the construction of a universal partial recursive function and a proof
of the undecidability of the halting problem. Type class inference provides a
transparent way to supply G\"{o}del numberings where needed and encapsulate the
encoding details.Comment: 16 pages, accepted to ITP 201
Approximation systems for functions in topological and in metric spaces
A notable feature of the TTE approach to computability is the representation
of the argument values and the corresponding function values by means of
infinitistic names. Two ways to eliminate the using of such names in certain
cases are indicated in the paper. The first one is intended for the case of
topological spaces with selected indexed denumerable bases. Suppose a partial
function is given from one such space into another one whose selected base has
a recursively enumerable index set, and suppose that the intersection of base
open sets in the first space is computable in the sense of Weihrauch-Grubba.
Then the ordinary TTE computability of the function is characterized by the
existence of an appropriate recursively enumerable relation between indices of
base sets containing the argument value and indices of base sets containing the
corresponding function value.This result can be regarded as an improvement of a
result of Korovina and Kudinov. The second way is applicable to metric spaces
with selected indexed denumerable dense subsets. If a partial function is given
from one such space into another one, then, under a semi-computability
assumption concerning these spaces, the ordinary TTE computability of the
function is characterized by the existence of an appropriate recursively
enumerable set of quadruples. Any of them consists of an index of element from
the selected dense subset in the first space, a natural number encoding a
rational bound for the distance between this element and the argument value, an
index of element from the selected dense subset in the second space and a
natural number encoding a rational bound for the distance between this element
and the function value. One of the examples in the paper indicates that the
computability of real functions can be characterized in a simple way by using
the first way of elimination of the infinitistic names.Comment: 21 pages, published in Logical Methods in Computer Scienc
Computability of probability measures and Martin-Lof randomness over metric spaces
In this paper we investigate algorithmic randomness on more general spaces
than the Cantor space, namely computable metric spaces. To do this, we first
develop a unified framework allowing computations with probability measures. We
show that any computable metric space with a computable probability measure is
isomorphic to the Cantor space in a computable and measure-theoretic sense. We
show that any computable metric space admits a universal uniform randomness
test (without further assumption).Comment: 29 page
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