556,069 research outputs found
Collaboration in Social Networks
The very notion of social network implies that linked individuals interact
repeatedly with each other. This allows them not only to learn successful
strategies and adapt to them, but also to condition their own behavior on the
behavior of others, in a strategic forward looking manner. Game theory of
repeated games shows that these circumstances are conducive to the emergence of
collaboration in simple games of two players. We investigate the extension of
this concept to the case where players are engaged in a local contribution game
and show that rationality and credibility of threats identify a class of Nash
equilibria -- that we call "collaborative equilibria" -- that have a precise
interpretation in terms of sub-graphs of the social network. For large network
games, the number of such equilibria is exponentially large in the number of
players. When incentives to defect are small, equilibria are supported by local
structures whereas when incentives exceed a threshold they acquire a non-local
nature, which requires a "critical mass" of more than a given fraction of the
players to collaborate. Therefore, when incentives are high, an individual
deviation typically causes the collapse of collaboration across the whole
system. At the same time, higher incentives to defect typically support
equilibria with a higher density of collaborators. The resulting picture
conforms with several results in sociology and in the experimental literature
on game theory, such as the prevalence of collaboration in denser groups and in
the structural hubs of sparse networks
Social inertia in collaboration networks
This work is a study of the properties of collaboration networks employing
the formalism of weighted graphs to represent their one-mode projection. The
weight of the edges is directly the number of times that a partnership has been
repeated. This representation allows us to define the concept of "social
inertia" that measures the tendency of authors to keep on collaborating with
previous partners. We use a collection of empirical datasets to analyze several
aspects of the social inertia: 1) its probability distribution, 2) its
correlation with other properties, and 3) the correlations of the inertia
between neighbors in the network. We also contrast these empirical results with
the predictions of a recently proposed theoretical model for the growth of
collaboration networks.Comment: 7 pages, 5 figure
The role of social networks in students’ learning experiences
The aim of this research is to investigate the role of social networks in computer science education. The Internet shows great potential for enhancing collaboration between people and the role of social software has become increasingly relevant in recent years. This research focuses on analyzing the role that social networks play in students’ learning experiences. The construction of students’ social networks, the evolution of these networks, and their effects on the students’ learning experience in a university environment are examined
Innovation, spillovers, and university-industry collaboration: An extended knowledge production function approach
This paper analyses the effect of knowledge spillovers from academic research on regional innovation. Spillovers are localized to the extent that the underlying mechanisms are geographically bounded. However, university-industry collaboration - as one of the carriers of knowledge spillovers - is not limited to the regional scale. Consequently, we expect spillovers to take place over longer distances. The effect of university-industry collaboration networks on knowledge spillovers is modelled using an extended knowledge production function framework applied to regions in the Netherlands. We find that the impact of academic research on regional innovation is mediated not only by geographical proximity but also by social networks stemming from collaboration networks.knowledge production function, knowledge spillovers, university-industry collaboration, innovation, social networks
Learning in Social Networks: Rationale and Ideas for Its Implementation in Higher Education
The internet has fast become a prevalent medium for collaboration between people and social networks, in particular, have gained vast popularity and relevance over the past few years. Within this framework, our paper will analyse the role played by social networks in current teaching practices. Specifically, we focus on the principles guiding the design of study activities which use social networks and we relate concrete experiences that show how they contribute to improving teaching and learning within a university environment
Cultural transmission modes of music sampling traditions remain stable despite delocalization in the digital age
Music sampling is a common practice among hip-hop and electronic producers
that has played a critical role in the development of particular subgenres.
Artists preferentially sample drum breaks, and previous studies have suggested
that these may be culturally transmitted. With the advent of digital sampling
technologies and social media the modes of cultural transmission may have
shifted, and music communities may have become decoupled from geography. The
aim of the current study was to determine whether drum breaks are culturally
transmitted through musical collaboration networks, and to identify the factors
driving the evolution of these networks. Using network-based diffusion analysis
we found strong evidence for the cultural transmission of drum breaks via
collaboration between artists, and identified several demographic variables
that bias transmission. Additionally, using network evolution methods we found
evidence that the structure of the collaboration network is no longer biased by
geographic proximity after the year 2000, and that gender disparity has relaxed
over the same period. Despite the delocalization of communities by the
internet, collaboration remains a key transmission mode of music sampling
traditions. The results of this study provide valuable insight into how
demographic biases shape cultural transmission in complex networks, and how the
evolution of these networks has shifted in the digital age
Hide and seek on complex networks
Signaling pathways and networks determine the ability to communicate in
systems ranging from living cells to human society. We investigate how the
network structure constrains communication in social-, man-made and biological
networks. We find that human networks of governance and collaboration are
predictable on teat-a-teat level, reflecting well defined pathways, but
globally inefficient. In contrast, the Internet tends to have better overall
communication abilities, more alternative pathways, and is therefore more
robust. Between these extremes the molecular network of Saccharomyces cerevisea
is more similar to the simpler social systems, whereas the pattern of
interactions in the more complex Drosophilia melanogaster, resembles the robust
Internet.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
The Social Network of Contemporary Popular Musicians
In this paper we analyze two social network datasets of contemporary
musicians constructed from allmusic.com (AMG), a music and artists' information
database: one is the collaboration network in which two musicians are connected
if they have performed in or produced an album together, and the other is the
similarity network in which they are connected if they where musically similar
according to music experts. We find that, while both networks exhibit typical
features of social networks such as high transitivity, several key network
features, such as degree as well as betweenness distributions suggest
fundamental differences in music collaborations and music similarity networks
are created.Comment: 7 pages, 2 figure
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