Automatic generation of Chinese calligraphic writings with style imitation

A parametric representation of stroke shapes is derived by adopting style imitation, a shape-generation-based process, to compactly represent the shapes of single strokes for the automatic generation of Chinese calligraphic writings. An image-processing-based approach is employed to derive the distance between the two strokes. The concept of stroke context is introduced to determine the shape of a stroke to be produced and the distance between two strokes is defined as the shortest distance between two points. An important difference between personal handwriting and a script generated from a font system is that a human writer writes a certain stroke or character differently each time, while a font system generates the same output. The shape-based criterion used in this study makes direct use of areas, which is more reliable than using shape contours because stroke contour details vary greatly.published_or_final_versio

Computationally Evaluating and Reproducing the Beauty of Chinese Calligraphy

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Evaluating Brush Movements for Chinese Calligraphy:A Computer Vision Based Approach

Chinese calligraphy is a popular, highly esteemed art form in the Chinese cultural sphere and worldwide. Ink brushes are the traditional writing tool for Chinese calligraphy and the subtle nuances of brush movements have a great impact on the aesthetics of the written characters. However, mastering the brush movement is a challenging task for many calligraphy learners as it requires many years’ practice and expert supervision. This paper presents a novel approach to help Chinese calligraphy learners to quantify the quality of brush movements without expert involvement. Our approach extracts the brush trajectories from a video stream; it then compares them with example templates of reputed calligraphers to produce a score for the writing quality. We achieve this by first developing a novel neural network to extract the spatial and temporal movement features from the video stream. We then employ methods developed in the computer vision and signal processing domains to track the brush movement trajectory and calculate the score. We conducted extensive experiments and user studies to evaluate our approach. Experimental results show that our approach is highly accurate in identifying brush movements, yielding an average accuracy of 90%, and the generated score is within 3% of errors when compared to the one given by human experts

Research on Calligraphy Evaluation Technology Based on Deep Learning

Today, when computer-assisted instruction (CAI) is booming, related research in the field of calligraphy education still hasn’t much progress. This main research for the calligraphy beginners to evaluate their works anytime and anywhere. Author uses the literature research and interview to understand the common writing problems of beginners. Then conducts discussion on these problems, design of solutions, research on algorithms, and experimental verification. Based on the ResNet-50 model, through WeChat applet implements for beginners. The main research contents are as follows: (1) In order to achieve good results in calligraphy judgment, this article uses the ResNet-50 model to judge calligraphy. First, adjust the area of the handwritten calligraphy image as the input of the network to a small block suitable for the network. While training the network, adjust the learning rate, the number of image layers and the number of training samples to achieve the optimal. The research results show that ResNet has certain practicality and reference value in the field of calligraphy judgment. Regarding the possible over-fitting problem, this article proposes to improve the accuracy of the judgment by collecting more data and optimizing the data washing process. (2) Combining the rise of WeChat applets, in view of the current WeChat applet learning platform development process and the problem of fewer functional modules, this paper uses cloud development functions to develop a calligraphy learning platform based on WeChat applets. While simplifying the development process, it ensures that the functional modules of the platform meet the needs of teachers and beginners, it has certain practicality and commercial value. After the development of the calligraphy learning applet is completed, it will be submitted for official

The Handwritten and the Printed: Issues of Format and Medium in Japanese Premodern Books

The act of rendering the handwritten in print participates in a long tradition of appreciation of calligraphy in East Asia. This essay considers the question of why manuscript remained the mode for representing writing well after the development of print culture in early modern Japan, forcing us to reexamine our expectations of what the term “manuscript” means: must a work be “written by hand” to be a manuscript, for instance? We argue that the use of print technology as a means to capture and disseminate the calligraphic expands the scope of current notions of what a manuscript is and challenges the model of separation between “manuscript” and “print.

Impact and features of Chinese realism in painting with focus on tradition and modernity

The relevance of the research topic lies in the fact that Western trends dominate in contemporary the Chinese realistic art, while interest in traditional painting techniques in a realistic direction has practically disappeared. To preserve the national cultural heritage, it is necessary to study more carefully the possibilities of applying traditional ideas in modern realistic painting. The purpose of the study is to identify the features of the traditional foundations of Chinese painting and their applied value for teaching students of modern painting. The objectives of the research are to analyze the scientific literature on the topic, conduct a survey among students to assess the traditions of Chinese re-artistic painting, as well as summarize the results of empirical research. The research methodology includes the methods of the general scientific group (analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction), as well as methods of art history analysis: historical and logical; analogy method; method of formal comparison. In an empirical study, the method of statistical analysis was used, applied using the program Neural Designer, a tool for advanced statistical analysis. The research materials were the results of a survey of 3rd year students (bachelor’s degree). Three groups of students were interviewed, each of which included 25 people: two experimental groups and one control group. The author of the study came to the conclusion that the combination of traditional and modern techniques in realistic painting in the classroom can increase the motivation for learning, develop new technical skills among students studying in the specialty «painting and graphics»

The Chinese Brush Stroke Experience in Bereavement Counseling

In the field of expressive therapies, there are different techniques to help bereaved people to better cope with their losses (e.g., Attig, 2000; Thompson, 2003; Gulledge, 2003; Rogers, 2007; Chandler, 2007). Among various expressive arts techniques, Chinese calligraphy has been used as a therapeutic intervention for behavioral, emotional, and mental health issues (Kao, 1991; Chen, 2003). However, there is no research on using Chinese brushstroke techniques in working with people who have experienced losses. This research focuses on the experience of practicing Chinese brushstroke technique as an expressive therapeutic approach to work with seniors in expressing their feelings toward the lost of a loved one. Six participants with recent loss of a loved one, aged 78 to 94, from the Hebrew Senior Life Rehabilitation Center in Boston, Massachusetts were recruited for this study. The participants attended six sessions of workshop with one and a half hour each. The workshop focused on the application of the Chinese brush stroke techniques in forms of painting and calligraphy as therapeutic intervention for coping with the loss of their loved ones. In this paper, meaning making, continuing bonds with the deceased loved one, and maintaining balance have been identified among many contributing factors to healthy bereavement coping. Practicing Chinese brush strokes techniques in forms of painting and calligraphy appeared to be helpful in promoting these factor

The Crisis of Language in Contemporary Japan: Reading, Writing, and New Technology

My dissertation is an ethnographically inspired theoretical exploration of the crises of reading and writing in contemporary Japan. Each of the five chapters examines concrete instances of reading and writing practices that have been problematized in recent decades. By calling attention to underlying moral assumptions, established sociocultural protocols, and socio-technological conditions of the everyday, I theorize the concept of embodied reading and writing thresholds. The scope of analysis is partly informed by popular discourse decrying a perceived decline in reading and writing proficiency among Japanese youth. This alleged failing literacy figures as a national crisis under the assumption that the futurity of children's national language proficiency metonymically correlates with the future well being of its national cultural body. In light of heightened interests in the past, present, and future of books, and a series of recent state interventions on the prospect of "national" text culture, it is my argument that ongoing tensions surrounding the changing media landscape and symbolic relations to the world do not merely reflect changes in styles of language, structures of spatiotemporal awareness, or forms of knowledge production. Rather, they indicate profound transformations and apprehensions among the lives mediated and embodied by the very system of signification that has come under scrutiny in the post-Lost Decade Japan (03/1991-01/2002). My dissertation offers an unique point of critical intervention into 1) various forms of tension arising from the overlapping media technologies and polarized population, 2) formations of reading and writing body (embodiment) at an intersection of heterogeneous elements and everyday disciplining, 3) culturally specific conditions and articulations of the effects of "universal" technologies, 4) prospects of "proper" national reading and writing culture, and 5) questions of cultural transformation and transmission. I hope that the diverse set of events explored in respective chapters provide, as a whole, a broader perspective of the institutional and technological background as well as an intimate understanding of culturally specific circumstances in Japan. Insofar as this is an attempt to conduct a nuanced inquiry into the culturally specific configurations and articulations of a global phenomenon, each ethnographic moment is carefully contextualized to reflect Japan specific conditions while avoiding the pitfall of culturalist assumptions. Understanding how an existing system of representation, technological imperatives and sociohistorical predicaments have coalesced to form a unique constellation is the first step in identifying how the practice of reading and writing becomes a site of heated national debate in Japan. Against theories that problematize the de-corporealizing effects of digital technology within reading and writing, I emphasize the material specificity of contemporary reading and writing practices

数字书法研究综述

数字书法将传统书法的创作工具、视觉艺术效果、书写技巧和创作等用数字化的方式再现.本文首先在回顾数字书法研究历史和研究特点的基础上,给出数字书法的主要研究内容和研究方向,包括:书法工具的数字化建模、书法图像的分析与处理、书法字形的合成与美化等;然后阐述数字书法每一类问题的具体研究目标、研究现状和研究趋势;最后,探讨数字书法进一步发展需要予以关注的重要问题和研究方向.国家自然科学基金(批准号:61772440);;航空科学基金(批准号:20165168007)资助项

Chinese calligraphy: character style recognition based on full-page document

Calligraphy plays a very important role in the history of China. From ancient times to modern times, the beauty of calligraphy has been passed down to the present. Different calligraphy styles and structures have made calligraphy a beauty and embodiment in the field of writing. However, the recognition of calligraphy style and fonts has always been a blank in the computer field. The structural complexity of different calligraphy also brings a lot of challenges to the recognition technology of computers. In my research, I mainly discussed some of the main recognition techniques and some popular machine learning algorithms in this field for more than 20 years, trying to find a new method of Chinese calligraphy styles recognition and exploring its feasibility. In our research, we searched for research papers 20 years ago. Most of the results are about the content recognition of modern Chinese characters. At first, we analyze the development of Chinese characters and the basic Chinese character theory. In the analysis of the current recognition of Chinese characters (including handwriting online and offline) in the computer field, it is more important to analyze various algorithms and results, and to analyze how to use the experimental data, besides how they construct the data set used for their test. The research on the method of image processing based on Chinese calligraphy works is very limited, and the data collection for calligraphy test is very limited also. The test of dataset that used between different recognition technologies is also very different. However, it has far-reaching significance for inheriting and carrying forward the traditional Chinese culture. It is very necessary to develop and promote the recognition of Chinese characters by means of computer tecnchque. In the current application field, the font recognition of Chinese calligraphy can effectively help the library administrators to identify the problem of the classification of the copybook, thus avoiding the recognition of the calligraphy font which is difficult to perform manually only through subjective experience. In the past 10 years of technology, some techniques for the recognition of single Chinese calligraphy fonts have been given. Most of them are the pre-processing of calligraphy characters, the extraction of stroke primitives, the extraction of style features, and the final classification of machine learning. The probability of the classification of the calligraphy works. Such technical requirements are very large for complex Chinese characters, the result of splitting and recognition is very large, and it is difficult to accurately divide many complex font results. As a result, the recognition rate is low, or the accuracy of recognition of a specific word is high, but the overall font recognition accuracy is low. We understand that Chinese calligraphy is a certain research value. In the field of recognition, many research papers on the analysis of Chinese calligraphy are based on the study of calligraphy and stroke. However, we have proposed a new method for dealing with font recognition. The recognition technology is based on the whole page of the document. It is studied in three steps: the first step is to use Fourier transform and some Chinese calligraphy images and analyze the results. The second is that CNN is based on different data sets to get some results. Finally, we made some improvements to the CNN structure. The experimental results of the thesis show that the full-page documents recognition method proposed can achieve high accuracy with the support of CNN technology, and can effectively identify the different styles of Chinese calligraphy in 5 styles. Compared with the traditional analysis methods, our experimental results show that the method based on the full-page document is feasible, avoiding the cumbersome font segmentation problem. This is more efficient and more accurate