Auto-WEKA: Combined Selection and Hyperparameter Optimization of Classification Algorithms

Many different machine learning algorithms exist; taking into account each algorithm's hyperparameters, there is a staggeringly large number of possible alternatives overall. We consider the problem of simultaneously selecting a learning algorithm and setting its hyperparameters, going beyond previous work that addresses these issues in isolation. We show that this problem can be addressed by a fully automated approach, leveraging recent innovations in Bayesian optimization. Specifically, we consider a wide range of feature selection techniques (combining 3 search and 8 evaluator methods) and all classification approaches implemented in WEKA, spanning 2 ensemble methods, 10 meta-methods, 27 base classifiers, and hyperparameter settings for each classifier. On each of 21 popular datasets from the UCI repository, the KDD Cup 09, variants of the MNIST dataset and CIFAR-10, we show classification performance often much better than using standard selection/hyperparameter optimization methods. We hope that our approach will help non-expert users to more effectively identify machine learning algorithms and hyperparameter settings appropriate to their applications, and hence to achieve improved performance.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure

Review on Computational Electromagnetics

Computational electromagnetics (CEM) is applied to model the interaction of electromagnetic fields with the objects like antenna, waveguides, aircraft and their environment using Maxwell equations.  In this paper the strength and weakness of various computational electromagnetic techniques are discussed. Performance of various techniques in terms accuracy, memory and computational time for application specific tasks such as modeling RCS (Radar cross section), space applications, thin wires, antenna arrays are presented in this paper

Stretched coordinate PML in TLM

As with all differential equation based numerical methods, open boundary problems in TLM require special boundary treatments to be applied at the edges of the computational domain in order to accurately simulate the conditions of an infinite propagating medium. Particular consideration must be given to the choice of the domain truncation technique employed since this can result in the computation of inaccurate field solutions. Various techniques have been employed over the years to address this problem, where each method has shown varying degree of success depending on the nature of the problem under study. To date, the most popular methods employed are the matched boundary, analytical absorbing boundary conditions (ABCs) and the Perfectly Matched Layer (PML). Due to the low absorption capability of the matched boundary and analytical ABCs a significant distance must exist between the boundary and the features of the problem in order to ensure that an accurate solution is obtained. This substantially increases the overall computational burden. On the other hand, as extensively demonstrated in the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) method, minimal reflections can be achieved with the PML over a wider frequency range and for wider angles of incidence. However, to date, only a handful of PML formulations have been demonstrated within the framework of the TLM method and, due to the instabilities observed, their application is not widely reported. The advancement of the PML theory has enabled the study of more complex geometries and media, especially within the FDTD and Finite Element (FE) methods. It can be argued that the advent of the PML within these numerical methods has contributed significantly to their overall usability since a higher accuracy can be achieved without compromising on the computational costs. It is imperative that such benefits are also realized in the TLM method. This thesis therefore aims to develop a PML formulation in TLM which demonstrates high effectiveness in a broad class of electromagnetic applications. Motivated by its suitability to general media the stretched coordinate PML theory will be basis of the PML formulation developed. The PML method developed in this thesis is referred to as the mapped TLM-PML due to the implementation approach taken which avoids the direct discretization of the PML equations but follows more closely to the classical TLM mapping of wave equations to equivalent transmission line quantities. In this manner the highly desired unconditionally stability of the TLM algorithm is maintained. Based on the mapping approach a direct stretching from real to complex space is thus applied to the transmission line parameters. This is shown to result in a complex propagation delay and complex frequency dependent line admittances/impedances. Consequently, this modifies the connect and scatter equations. A comprehensive derivation of the mapped TLM-PML theory is provided for the 2D and 3D TLM method. The 2D mapped TLM-PML formulation is demonstrated through a mapping of the shunt node. For the 3D case a process of mapping the Symmetrical Condensed Node (SCN) is formulated. The reflection performance of both the 2D and 3D formulations is characterised using the canonical rectangular waveguide application. Further investigation of the capability of the developed method in 3D TLM simulations is demonstrated by applying the mapped TLM-PML in: (i) the simulation of planar-periodic structures, (ii) radiation and scattering applications, and (iii) in terminating materially inhomogeneous domains. A performance comparison with previously proposed TLM-PML schemes demonstrates the superior temporal stability of the mapped TLM-PML

6th International Conference on Mechanical Models in Structural Engineering

Producción CientíficaThis ebook contains the 37 full papers submitted to the 6th International Conference on Mechanical Models in Structural Engineering (CMMOST 2021) held in Valladolid on December 2021