Identifying smart design attributes for Industry 4.0 customization using a clustering Genetic Algorithm

Industry 4.0 aims at achieving mass customization at a mass production cost. A key component to realizing this is accurate prediction of customer needs and wants, which is however a challenging issue due to the lack of smart analytics tools. This paper investigates this issue in depth and then develops a predictive analytic framework for integrating cloud computing, big data analysis, business informatics, communication technologies, and digital industrial production systems. Computational intelligence in the form of a cluster k-means approach is used to manage relevant big data for feeding potential customer needs and wants to smart designs for targeted productivity and customized mass production. The identification of patterns from big data is achieved with cluster k-means and with the selection of optimal attributes using genetic algorithms. A car customization case study shows how it may be applied and where to assign new clusters with growing knowledge of customer needs and wants. This approach offer a number of features suitable to smart design in realizing Industry 4.0

Attribute Identification and Predictive Customisation Using Fuzzy Clustering and Genetic Search for Industry 4.0 Environments

Today´s factory involves more services and customisation. A paradigm shift is towards “Industry 4.0” (i4) aiming at realising mass customisation at a mass production cost. However, there is a lack of tools for customer informatics. This paper addresses this issue and develops a predictive analytics framework integrating big data analysis and business informatics, using Computational Intelligence (CI). In particular, a fuzzy c-means is used for pattern recognition, as well as managing relevant big data for feeding potential customer needs and wants for improved productivity at the design stage for customised mass production. The selection of patterns from big data is performed using a genetic algorithm with fuzzy c-means, which helps with clustering and selection of optimal attributes. The case study shows that fuzzy c-means are able to assign new clusters with growing knowledge of customer needs and wants. The dataset has three types of entities: specification of various characteristics, assigned insurance risk rating, and normalised losses in use compared with other cars. The fuzzy c-means tool offers a number of features suitable for smart designs for an i4 environment

Industria 4.0 en la Pyme: Management & Technology Invitación a Número Especial

Se prevé que el crecimiento económico mundial permanecerá por debajo de las tendencias previas debido a la pandemia y otros eventos como la invasión de Rusia a Ucrania (World Bank, 2023). Este escenario afecta particularmente a las pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) en economías emergentes. En América Latina y el Caribe, las PYMES representan casi el 90% de las empresas y generan el 60% del empleo productivo formal (OCDE/CAF, 2019). Estas empresas ya enfrentaban niveles de productividad más bajos que las grandes compañías y, en la última década, los factores fundamentales de competitividad y crecimiento han ido en declive en la región (Nam, 2021)

Serhii Plokhy, Chernobyl: The History of a Nuclear Catastrophe, Basic Books, 2018. [Book review]

Book review. Reviewed book: Serhii Plokhy. Chernobyl: The History of a Nuclear Catastrophe. Publisher: Basic Books, 2018. 432 pp. ISBN-13: 978-1541617094Non peer reviewe

IMPLEMENTASI PERANCANGAN BISNIS APLIKASI JAKOST BERBASIS MOBILE APPLICATION

Penelitian ini bertujuan merancang sebuah bisnis Jakost berbasis mobile application. Jakost adalah sebuah aplikasi yang dirancang khusus untuk memenuhi kebutuhan anak kost. Pendekatan PDCA (Plan, Do, Check, Act) digunakan sebagai metode perancangan bisnis, Business Model Canvas (BMC) sebagai pemetaan strategi bisnis dan pendekatan Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) sebagai metode uji coba aplikasi Jakost. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian mixed methods. Sampel penelitian 396 mahasiswa Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia yang merupakan anak rantau dan sedang menjadi anak kost. Teknik analisis yang digunakan adalah analisis deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa aplikasi Jakost memiliki kegunaan dan manfaat yang positif untuk anak kost. --------The objective of this study is to design a Jakost business based on mobile application. Jakost is an application that specifically designed to meet the needs of the person who lives in a boarding house. This study uses PDCA approach (plan, do, check, act) as a method of business design, business model canvas (BMC) as a business strategy mapping, Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) as a trial method for the Jakost application, descriptive analysis as a analysis technique and the research method is mixed methods. The sample of this study is 396 students in University of Pendidikan Indonesia, who live in a boarding house. The result of this study shows that the Jakost application has positive benefits for university students who live in a boarding house

State's Responsibility for International Crimes

Although more than 75 years have elapsed since the end of the Second World War, the magnitude of crimes and their long-term effects, caused also by lawyers e.g. in German special courts, make the subject of liability of the state in the context of the Second World War ever topical and valid. Historia magistra vitae est, and the process of learning from history should in this case cover not only the years 1933–1945, but also the entire post-war period. Justice was neither restored nor meted out. One of the reasons for the lack of administration of justice was West Germany's conscious policy of personal continuity after the Second World War. The latter was the topic of the Rosenburg Exhibition – the Federal Ministry of Justice of the Federal Republic of Germany in the Shadow of National Socialist Past. The texts grew out of the context of the exhibition and show the far-reaching consequences of War and Nazi crimes in international relations of a legal nature

The Exercise of Criminal Justice in Medieval Towns: A Comparison of English and Polish Jurisdiction

The thesis offers a new vision of medieval criminal justice and for the first time identifies the significant common elements in the exercise of criminal law regulations in selected fourteenth-century towns in two contrasting countries in late medieval Europe, England and Poland. These elements include principles of cooperation and control between royal and local powers in the establishment and exercise of legal proceedings. These are also among the main determinants of the developing status and agency of medieval European urban communities including their executive powers. Through a comparative analysis of the local practice that comprised criminal justice in both nations’ systems of law, this thesis marks new ground in the study of international features of criminal law proceedings in the period. It also contributes to a wider understanding of local mechanisms of control and the extent to which towns nevertheless relied upon the enforcement power of central royal authorities. Focusing on towns like Bristol, Exeter, Norwich, York, Wrocław and Kraków, this study explores the importance of local legal regulation in each town’s development, their aspirations to control their own administrative and legal processes and the limits to their level of autonomy. The thesis examines the individual stages of how local criminal law was exercised in towns of both countries, by demonstrating from various legal documents that formed parts of royal grants, privileges and charters, the roles of executive bodies directly involved in implementing local laws. The results reveal that despite political, territorial and monarchical differences that existed between the countries and their separate systems of law, there were certain common elements that arguably provide an international character for the application of local criminal justice. The thesis expands upon existing knowledge and scholarship about the essential role of corporal punishments in municipal legal proceedings, including how these were appropriate to each criminal and their specific crime. It also identifies a new approach towards the main factors affecting the active pursuit of criminal justice in England and Poland, especially their impact upon a general understanding of medieval European law enforcement procedures

Czernowitz to Chernivtsi by Cernăuți. A multicultural townscape as heritage of a plural society

Czernowitz, former capital city of the Duchy of Bucovina in the Hapsburg Empire, changed “location” twice: from Austria to Romania in 1918, becoming Cernauți, then from Romania to Ukraine in 1945 (until today), becoming Chernivtsi. Today Chernivtsi is mainly an Ukrainian city, but its architecture shows this historical process thanks to a series of urban landmarks. This paper aims to focus on the interplay among architecture and nationalities, so evident and strong in this case-study. The multicultural society before 1918 is reflected in many heterogeneous religious e public buildings, the effort of “Romanization” after 1918 is mainly reflected – on the contrary - in the “ethnic” Romanian qualities of new buildings. From the second half of the nineteenth century the townscape was progressively enriched by temples of different religions (Catholic, Orthodox, Jewish, Armenian…) and by the specific building types: the “national houses”, seat of the cultural life of each community (German, Jewish, Ruthenian, Polish, Romanian…) , all with their specific architectural features. In this architectural “melting pot” some buildings played a role of super-national, unifying and modern (Art Nouveau) landmarks: the railway station, the Postal Savings Bank and the theatre. The “Romanization” of the city was operated after 1920 building many new Orthodox churches and emphasizing the ethnic decorative details of new buildings (window frames, arches, roofs), related to the Brancoveanu style. The spread of Modernism, in the 30’s stopped this way of shaping a new face to the city, but the huge new Romanian Culture Palace “landed” in the theatre square speaking clearly of Bucovina as a part of Greater Romania. After 1945 the multicultural society vanished, and the Soviet power promoted homologation against the richness of the past. The independence of Ukraine from the former USSR allowed social groups and politicians to rethink about the national and local identity, mainly intended as ukrainian: as usual monuments changed, but the new ones, despite new people to celebrate, followed old ways in representing heroes. On the other hand, but more recently, architectural heritage is considered by Municipality as an ADN of Czernowitz and a value to be restored and protected, both on the Austrian and Romanian side. The website launched in 2008 for celebrating the 600 years of the town, speaks about Chernivtsi city of tolerance