Modelling of the TICS Catalyse : Definition of a basic vocabulary

International audienceThe thinking launched since the creation of "Catalyse" tools led in 2008 to the necessity of integrating the tools of quantitative, qualitative and spatial analysis in an information system managing the contents from data collection to results publishing according to actor's use. Within the framework of these information systems so-called TICS "Territorial Intelligence Community Systems" conception, an action of modelling started in 2009. After definition of first models, which describe the data manipulated by the existing tools of the "Valise Catalyse", we realized that it was important and essential, to define the vocabulary allowing territorial intelligence specialists and computing specialists to communicate. Reminding of realised works in the modelling action we present in this article this last aspect of our work.La réflexion lancée depuis la création des outils " Catalyse " a abouti en 2008 à la nécessité d'intégrer les outils d'analyse quantitative, qualitative et spatiale dans un système d'information gérant les contenus de la collecte des données à la publication des résultats en respectant les usages des acteurs. Dans le cadre de la conception de ces systèmes d'information appelés SCIT " Systèmes Communautaires d'Intelligence Territoriale ", une action de modélisation a été lancée dès 2009. Après la définition de premiers modèles décrivant les données manipulées par les outils existants de la valise Catalyse, nous nous sommes rendus compte qu'il était important de définir le vocabulaire permettant aux spécialistes de l'intelligence territoriale et aux informaticiens de communiquer. Après un rappel des travaux réalisés dans le cadre de cette action, nous présentons dans cet article ce dernier aspect de notre travail

A survey on parallel and distributed Multi-Agent Systems

International audienceSimulation has become an indispensable tool for researchers to explore systems without having recourse to real experiments. Depending on the characteristics of the modeled system, methods used to represent the system may vary. Multi-agent systems are, thus, often used to model and simulate complex systems. Whatever modeling type used, increasing the size and the precision of the model increases the amount of computation, requiring the use of parallel systems when it becomes too large. In this paper, we focus on parallel platforms that support multi-agent simulations. Our contribution is a survey on existing platforms and their evaluation in the context of high performance computing. We present a qualitative analysis, mainly based on platform properties, then a performance comparison using the same agent model implemented on each platform

Ethnographies of Collaborative Economies across Europe

“Sharing economy” and “collaborative economy” refer to a proliferation of initiatives, business models, digital platforms and forms of work that characterise contemporary life: from community-led initiatives and activist campaigns, to the impact of global sharing platforms in contexts such as network hospitality, transportation, etc. Sharing the common lens of ethnographic methods, this book presents in-depth examinations of collaborative economy phenomena. The book combines qualitative research and ethnographic methodology with a range of different collaborative economy case studies and topics across Europe. It uniquely offers a truly interdisciplinary approach. It emerges from a unique, long-term, multinational, cross-European collaboration between researchers from various disciplines (e.g., sociology, anthropology, geography, business studies, law, computing, information systems), career stages, and epistemological backgrounds, brought together by a shared research interest in the collaborative economy. This book is a further contribution to the in-depth qualitative understanding of the complexities of the collaborative economy phenomenon. These rich accounts contribute to the painting of a complex landscape that spans several countries and regions, and diverse political, cultural, and organisational backdrops. This book also offers important reflections on the role of ethnographic researchers, and on their stance and outlook, that are of paramount interest across the disciplines involved in collaborative economy research

MONTEPULCIANO’S PALAZZO COMUNALE, 1440 – c.1465: RETHINKING CASTELLATED CIVIC PALACES IN FLORENTINE ARCHITECTURAL AND POLITICAL CONTEXTS

This thesis argues for the significance of castellated civic palaces in shaping and consolidating Florence’s territorial hegemony during the fifteenth century. Although fortress-like civic palaces were a predominant architectural type in Tuscan communes from the twelfth century onwards, it is an understudied field. In the literature of Italian Renaissance civic and military architecture, the castellated motifs of civic palaces have either been marginalised as an outdated and anti-classical form opposing Quattrocento all’antica taste, or have been oversimplified as a redundant object lacking defensive functionality. By analysing Michelozzo’s Palazzo Comunale in Montepulciano, a fifteenth-century castellated palace resembling Florence’s thirteenth-century Palazzo dei Priori, this thesis seeks to address the ways in which castellated forms substantially legitimised Florence’s political, military and cultural supremacy. Chapter One examines textual and pictorial representations of Florence’s castellation civic palaces and fortifications in order to capture Florentine perceptions of castellation. This investigation offers a conceptual framework, interpreting the profile of castellated civic palaces as an effective architectural affirmation of the contemporary idea of a powerful city-republic rather than being a symbol of despotism as it has been previously understood. Chapters Two and Three examine Montepulciano’s renovation project for the Palazzo Comunale within local and central administrative, socio-political, and military contexts during the first half of the fifteenth century, highlighting the Florentine features of Montepulciano’s town hall despite the town’s peripheral location within the Florentine dominion. Chapter Four casts light on the effective agency of Michelozzo’s castellated design in facilitating an architectural dialogue between civic and military, medieval and Renaissance, classical and modern, and centre and periphery, enhancing civic coherence in the town, as well as across the whole Florentine state. By looking at Michelozzo’s mid-fifteenth century design, this thesis demonstrates the interdependence of communal palaces’ castellated forms and their civic functions

Ethnographies of Collaborative Economies across Europe

“Sharing economy” and “collaborative economy” refer to a proliferation of initiatives, business models, digital platforms and forms of work that characterise contemporary life: from community-led initiatives and activist campaigns, to the impact of global sharing platforms in contexts such as network hospitality, transportation, etc. Sharing the common lens of ethnographic methods, this book presents in-depth examinations of collaborative economy phenomena. The book combines qualitative research and ethnographic methodology with a range of different collaborative economy case studies and topics across Europe. It uniquely offers a truly interdisciplinary approach. It emerges from a unique, long-term, multinational, cross-European collaboration between researchers from various disciplines (e.g., sociology, anthropology, geography, business studies, law, computing, information systems), career stages, and epistemological backgrounds, brought together by a shared research interest in the collaborative economy. This book is a further contribution to the in-depth qualitative understanding of the complexities of the collaborative economy phenomenon. These rich accounts contribute to the painting of a complex landscape that spans several countries and regions, and diverse political, cultural, and organisational backdrops. This book also offers important reflections on the role of ethnographic researchers, and on their stance and outlook, that are of paramount interest across the disciplines involved in collaborative economy research

Beyond beauty : reexamining architectural proportion in the Basilicas of San Lorenzo and Santo Spirito in Florence

This dissertation reexamines the problem of architectural proportion in the basilica of San Lorenzo in Florence following a rigorous new methodology that combines comprehensive measurements and other observations with documentary evidence, in order to identify the intentions of the basilica’s fifteenth-century creators. It finds that the proportions of this basilica are indeed extraordinary, as scholars have long contended, but for reasons different than previously believed. This dissertation analyzes the proportions of the basilica with greater quantitative precision than any previous study has done, and demonstrates that carefully-crafted sets of proportions expressed in the measurements constitute mental constructs that communicate non-visual, iconographical content. It thus reframes the subject of architectural proportion as part of the rhetorical, rather than visual, structure of architecture. The sets of proportions identified in this dissertation correspond with late medieval knowledge and practices pertaining to geometry, number and arithmetic in so many documented ways that they can be considered genuine historical artifacts, and thus, sources of historical evidence themselves. As such, these sets of proportions lead both to several unconventional new conclusions pertaining to the history of this basilica, and to a proposed alternative to Rudolf Wittkower’s framework for the study of medieval and Renaissance architectural proportion.LEI Universiteit LeidenMedieval and Early Modern Studie

Modern Heritage between Care and Risk

The International Conference “Modern Heritage between Care and Risk” (Venice, 4-5th May 2021) was held at Università Iuav di Venezia, in collaboration with Fondation Le Corbusier and Docomomo Italia. The event offered an opportunity for an international exchange on crucial issues of documentation and preservation of the 20th century architectural heritage in a time of rapid social, cultural and political changes. The first day has been dedicated to “Ahmedabad. Laboratory of Modern Architecture”, a site-manifesto threatened today by the demolition of relevant dormitories of the Indian Institute of Management by Louis I. Kahn. The second day has been dedicated to “Living the Architectural Preservation. Modern Houses in the Conservation of 20th Century Heritage”, focused on recent conservation/restoration works of Modern authorial houses and neighbourhoods. The proceedings collect selected papers presented by international researchers and architects involved in the fields of History of Architecture and Architectural Preservation

Caractérisation de la régulation génétique des microARN plasmatiques en grossesse et leur potentielle implication dans le développement du diabète gestationnel

L'arrivée de nouvelles techniques de séquençage à haut débit a procuré une puissante façon d'étudier le génome humain. Parallèlement, le développement d'outils bio-informatiques adaptés à cette révolution a été essentiel à l'interprétation des quantités titanesques de données générées. Le séquençage de plusieurs génomes complets maintenant accessible ouvre la porte à des découvertes autrefois impensable. Ce mémoire présente deux projets portant sur les variations génétiques chez les individus d'une cohorte de femmes enceintes. Le premier projet porte sur l'étude de la régulation génétique de l'abondance des microARN plasmatiques au premier trimestre de grossesse. La mise en commun de l'abondance des microARN et des variations génétiques à proximité des microARN a permis l'identification de variations génétiques associées aux niveaux de microARN mesurés dans le plasma. Ces associations ont révélé des régions régulatrices permettant une meilleure compréhension des mécanismes de régulation des microARN. L'agglomération des variations génétiques identifiés sous forme de variables instrumentales ont mis en évidence l'importante contribution de la génétique dans la régulation des microARN circulants. Le second projet avait pour objectif d'identifier des microARN plasmatiques en grossesse sécrétés par les tissus fœtaux. Pour ce faire, les variations génétiques contenues dans les séquences des microARN mesurées ont été comparées à celles de l'ADN de la mère et de l'enfant. Toutefois, le haut niveau de conservation de leur séquence ne permet pas d'en faire une distinction claire