306 research outputs found
ATIPIČNI OBLICI RADA I POSLOVANJA U KREATIVNOJ INDUSTRIJI EUROPSKE UNIJE
Starting from the insight into atypical forms of work as well as new / alternative business models
specific to the creative industry (CI) sectors of the European Union, the paper researches self-employment
in the creative industry and volunteering as a prerequisite for self-employment. The creative industry
is considered as industry of economically developed countries as well as the prototype industry, whose
"recipes" are multiplied in underdeveloped countries and thus materialized for mass distribution. The
methodology of the work applied three different groups of methods adapted to hypotheses. The first
hypothesis states that EU research indicates business constraints / characteristics in the creative
industry. In order to test this hypothesis by meta-analysis of the collected sources, key business
constraints in the creative industry were separated, and then atypical forms of work emerged from them.
The second hypothesis was tested by descriptive and bivariate statistical analysis of secondary data.
It is about analyzing secondary data in a newly formed file constructed for the purposes of this
research. The file combines secondary sources of data on cultural statistics (European Union) and GII
- Global Innovation Indices (WIPO), which were used to test the hypothesis that self-employment as
an atypical form of work in culture is related to the level of the Global Innovation Index (GII)
Simple identification tools in FishBase
Simple identification tools for fish species were included in the FishBase information system from its inception. Early tools made use of the relational model and characters like fin ray meristics. Soon pictures and drawings were added as a further help, similar to a field guide. Later came the computerization of existing dichotomous keys, again in combination with pictures and other information, and the ability to restrict possible species by country, area, or taxonomic group. Today, www.FishBase.org offers four different ways to identify species. This paper describes these tools with their advantages and disadvantages, and suggests various options for further
development. It explores the possibility of a holistic and integrated computeraided strategy
Towards a system of concepts for Family Medicine. Multilingual indexing in General Practice/ Family Medicine in the era of Semantic Web
UNIVERSITY OF LIÈGE, BELGIUM
Executive Summary
Faculty of Medicine
Département Universitaire de Médecine Générale.
Unité de recherche Soins Primaires et Santé
Doctor in biomedical sciences
Towards a system of concepts for Family Medicine.
Multilingual indexing in General Practice/ Family Medicine in the era
of SemanticWeb
by Dr. Marc JAMOULLE
Introduction
This thesis is about giving visibility to the often overlooked work of family
physicians and consequently, is about grey literature in General Practice
and Family Medicine (GP/FM). It often seems that conference organizers
do not think of GP/FM as a knowledge-producing discipline that deserves
active dissemination. A conference is organized, but not much is done with
the knowledge shared at these meetings. In turn, the knowledge cannot be
reused or reapplied. This these is also about indexing. To find knowledge
back, indexing is mandatory. We must prepare tools that will automatically
index the thousands of abstracts that family doctors produce each year in
various languages. And finally this work is about semantics1. It is an introduction
to health terminologies, ontologies, semantic data, and linked
open data. All are expressions of the next step: Semantic Web for health
care data. Concepts, units of thought expressed by terms, will be our target
and must have the ability to be expressed in multiple languages. In turn,
three areas of knowledge are at stake in this study: (i) Family Medicine as a
pillar of primary health care, (ii) computational linguistics, and (iii) health
information systems.
Aim
• To identify knowledge produced by General practitioners (GPs) by
improving annotation of grey literature in Primary Health Care
• To propose an experimental indexing system, acting as draft for a
standardized table of content of GP/GM
• To improve the searchability of repositories for grey literature in GP/GM.
1For specific terms, see the Glossary page 257
x
Methods
The first step aimed to design the taxonomy by identifying relevant concepts
in a compiled corpus of GP/FM texts. We have studied the concepts
identified in nearly two thousand communications of GPs during
conferences. The relevant concepts belong to the fields that are focusing
on GP/FM activities (e.g. teaching, ethics, management or environmental
hazard issues).
The second step was the development of an on-line, multilingual, terminological
resource for each category of the resulting taxonomy, named
Q-Codes. We have designed this terminology in the form of a lightweight
ontology, accessible on-line for readers and ready for use by computers of
the semantic web. It is also fit for the Linked Open Data universe.
Results
We propose 182 Q-Codes in an on-line multilingual database (10 languages)
(www.hetop.eu/Q) acting each as a filter for Medline. Q-Codes are also available
under the form of Unique Resource Identifiers (URIs) and are exportable
in Web Ontology Language (OWL). The International Classification of Primary
Care (ICPC) is linked to Q-Codes in order to form the Core Content
Classification in General Practice/Family Medicine (3CGP). So far, 3CGP is
in use by humans in pedagogy, in bibliographic studies, in indexing congresses,
master theses and other forms of grey literature in GP/FM. Use by
computers is experimented in automatic classifiers, annotators and natural
language processing.
Discussion
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first attempt to expand the ICPC
coding system with an extension for family physician contextual issues,
thus covering non-clinical content of practice. It remains to be proven that
our proposed terminology will help in dealing with more complex systems,
such as MeSH, to support information storage and retrieval activities.
However, this exercise is proposed as a first step in the creation of an ontology
of GP/FM and as an opening to the complex world of Semantic Web
technologies.
Conclusion
We expect that the creation of this terminological resource for indexing abstracts
and for facilitating Medline searches for general practitioners, researchers
and students in medicine will reduce loss of knowledge in the
domain of GP/FM. In addition, through better indexing of the grey literature
(congress abstracts, master’s and doctoral theses), we hope to enhance
the accessibility of research results and give visibility to the invisible work
of family physicians
Industry 4.0
This book shows a vision of the present and future of Industry 4.0 and identifies and examines the most pressing research issue in Industry 4.0. Containing the contributions of leading researchers and academics, this book includes recent publications in key areas of interest, for example: a review on the Industry 4.0: What is the Industry 4.0, the pillars of Industry 4.0, current and future trends, technologies, taxonomy, and some case studies (A.U.T.O 4.0, stabilization of digitized process). This book also provides an essential tool in the process of migration to Industry 4.0. The book is suitable as a text for graduate students and professionals in the industrial sector and general engineering areas. The book is organized into two sections: 1. Reviews 2. Case Studies Industry 4.0 is likely to play an important role in the future society. This book is a good reference on Industry 4.0 and includes some case studies. Each chapter is written by expert researchers in the sector, and the topics are broad; from the concept or definition of Industry 4.0 to a future society 5.0
Industry 4.0
This book shows a vision of the present and future of Industry 4.0 and identifies and examines the most pressing research issue in Industry 4.0. Containing the contributions of leading researchers and academics, this book includes recent publications in key areas of interest, for example: a review on the Industry 4.0: What is the Industry 4.0, the pillars of Industry 4.0, current and future trends, technologies, taxonomy, and some case studies (A.U.T.O 4.0, stabilization of digitized process). This book also provides an essential tool in the process of migration to Industry 4.0. The book is suitable as a text for graduate students and professionals in the industrial sector and general engineering areas.
The book is organized into two sections:
1. Reviews
2. Case Studies
Industry 4.0 is likely to play an important role in the future society. This book is a good reference on Industry 4.0 and includes some case studies. Each chapter is written by expert researchers in the sector, and the topics are broad; from the concept or definition of Industry 4.0 to a future society 5.0
Industry 4.0
This book shows a vision of the present and future of Industry 4.0 and identifies and examines the most pressing research issue in Industry 4.0. Containing the contributions of leading researchers and academics, this book includes recent publications in key areas of interest, for example: a review on the Industry 4.0: What is the Industry 4.0, the pillars of Industry 4.0, current and future trends, technologies, taxonomy, and some case studies (A.U.T.O 4.0, stabilization of digitized process). This book also provides an essential tool in the process of migration to Industry 4.0. The book is suitable as a text for graduate students and professionals in the industrial sector and general engineering areas.
The book is organized into two sections:
1. Reviews
2. Case Studies
Industry 4.0 is likely to play an important role in the future society. This book is a good reference on Industry 4.0 and includes some case studies. Each chapter is written by expert researchers in the sector, and the topics are broad; from the concept or definition of Industry 4.0 to a future society 5.0
BARCH: a business analytics problem formulation and solving framework
The BARCH framework is a business framework that is specifically formulated to help analysts and management who want to identify and formulate a scenario to which Analytics can be applied and the outcome will have a direct impact on the business. This is the overarching public work that I have used extensively in various projects and research. This framework has been developed initially in the banking sector and has evolved progressively with successive projects. The framework’s name represents five aspects for the formulation and identification of an area that one can use Analytics to answer. The five aspects are Business, Analytics, Revenue, Cost and Human. The five aspects represent the entire system and approach to the identification, formulation, understanding and modelling of Analytic problems. The five aspects are not necessarily sequential but are interrelated in some ways where certain aspects are dependent on the other aspects. For example, revenue and cost are related to business and depend on the business from which they are derived. However, in most practices involving Analytics, Analytics are conducted independent of business and the techniques in Analytics are not derived from business directly. This lack of harmony between business and Analytics creates an unfortunate combination of factors that has led to the failure of Analytics projects for many businesses. In intensely practising Analytics and critically reflecting on every piece of work I have done, I have learned the importance of combining knowledge with skills and experience to come up with new knowledge and a form of practical wisdom. I also realize now the importance of understanding fields that are not directly related to my field of specialization. Through this context statement I have been able to increase the articulation of my thinking and the complexities of practice through approaches to knowledge such as transdisciplinarity which further supports the translation of what I can do and what needs to be done in a way that business clients can understand. Having the opportunity to explore concepts new to me from other academic fields and seeking their relevance and application in my own area of expertise has helped me considerably in the ongoing development of the BARCH framework and successful implementation of Analytics projects. I have selected the results of three projects published in papers that are listed in Appendices A-C to demonstrate how the model can be applied to solve problems successfully compared to other frameworks. The evolution of the model involves a continual feedback loop of learning from each successive project which contributes to the BARCH model being able to not only continuously demonstrate its applicability to various problems but to consistently produce better and more refined results. The majority of analytical models applied to the many problems in the business environment address the problems only superficially (Bose, 2009; Krioukov et. al., 2011), that is without understanding the impact on the business as a whole. Many Analytics projects have not delivered the promised impact because the models applied are overly complicated (Stubbs, 2013) to solve the root causes of the business problem. This situation is compounded by an increasing number of analysts applying Analytics to business problems without a proper understanding of the context, technique and environment (Stubbs, 2013). While many experts in the field interpret the problem as a multidisciplinary problem, the problem is in my opinion transdisciplinary in nature
Mapping the structure of science through clustering in citation networks : granularity, labeling and visualization
The science system is large, and millions of research publications are published each year.
Within the field of scientometrics, the features and characteristics of this system are studied
using quantitative methods. Research publications constitute a rich source of information
about the science system and a means to model and study science on a large scale. The
classification of research publications into fields is essential to answer many questions about
the features and characteristics of the science system.
Comprehensive, hierarchical, and detailed classifications of large sets of research publications
are not easy to obtain. A solution for this problem is to use network-based approaches to
cluster research publications based on their citation relations. Clustering approaches have
been applied to large sets of publications at the level of individual articles (in contrast to the
journal level) for about a decade. Such approaches are addressed in this thesis. I call the
resulting classifications “algorithmically constructed, publications-level classifications of
research publications” (ACPLCs).
The aim of the thesis is to improve interpretability and utility of ACPLCs. I focus on some
issues that hitherto have not received much attention in the previous literature: (1) Conceptual
framework. Such a framework is elaborated throughout the thesis. Using the social science
citation theory, I argue that citations contextualize and position publications in the science
system. Citations may therefore be used to identify research fields, defined as focus areas of
research at various granularity levels. (2) Granularity levels corresponding to conceptual
framework. In Articles I and II, a method is proposed on how to adjust the granularity of
ACPLCs in order to obtain clusters corresponding to research fields at two granularity levels:
topics and specialties. (3) Cluster labeling. Article III addresses labeling of clusters at
different semantic levels, from broad and large to narrow and small, and compares the use of
data from various bibliographic fields and different term weighting approaches. (4)
Visualization. The methods resulting from Articles I-III are applied in Article IV to obtain a
classification of about 19 million biomedical articles. I propose a visualization methodology
that provides overview of the classification, using clusters at coarse levels, as well as the
possibility to zoom into details, using clusters at a granular level.
In conclusion, I have improved interpretability and utility of ACPLCs by providing a
conceptual framework, adjusting granularity of clusters, labeling clusters and, finally, by
visualizing an ACPLC in a way that provides both overview and detail. I have demonstrated
how these methods can be applied to obtain ACPLCs that are useful to, for example, identify
and explore focus areas of research
- …