PROSPECTIVE UPON MULTI-SOURCE URBAN SCALE DATA FOR 3D DOCUMENTATION AND MONITORING OF URBAN LEGACIES

Abstract. The investigation on the built urban heritage and its current transformations can progressively benefit from the use of geospatial data related to urban environment. This is even more interesting when urban design studies of historical and stratified cities meet the contribution of 4D geospatial data within the urban morphology researches, aiming at quickly and accurately identifying and then measuring with a spatial relationship, both localized transformation (volumes demolitions, addition, etc…) and wide-scale substantial modification resulting from urban zones of diversification spaces that incorporates urban legacies. In this domain, the comparison and analysis of multi-source and multi-scale information belonging to Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) organized by Municipality and Region Administration (mainly, orthoimages and DSM and digital mapping) are a crucial support for multi-temporal spatial analysis, especially if compared with new DSMs related to past urban situations. The latter can be generated by new solution of digital image-matching techniques applicable to the available historical aerial images. The goal is to investigate the amount of available data and their effectiveness, to later test different experimental tools and methods for quick detection, localization and quantification of morphological macro-transformation at urban scale. At the same time, it has been examined the opportunity to made available, with up-and-coming Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS) based on image- and range-based techniques, a rapid and effective approach of data gathering, updating and sharing at validated urban scales. The presented research, carried out in the framework of the FULL@Polito research lab, applies to urban legacies and their regeneration, and is conducted on a key redevelopment area in northern Torino, the Parco Dora, that was occupied by steel industries actively working up to 1992. The long-standing steel structures of the Ferriere FIAT lot have been refurbished and incorporated in the new urban park, generating a contemporary space with a new evolving urban fabric, and being integrated in the new updated geo-spatial databases as well.</p

PROSPECTIVE UPON MULTI-SOURCE URBAN SCALE DATA FOR 3D DOCUMENTATION AND MONITORING OF URBAN LEGACIES

The investigation on the built urban heritage and its current transformations can progressively benefit from the use of geospatial data related to urban environment. This is even more interesting when urban design studies of historical and stratified cities meet the contribution of 4D geospatial data within the urban morphology researches, aiming at quickly and accurately identifying and then measuring with a spatial relationship, both localized transformation (volumes demolitions, addition, etc…) and wide-scale substantial modification resulting from urban zones of diversification spaces that incorporates urban legacies. In this domain, the comparison and analysis of multi-source and multi-scale information belonging to Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI) organized by Municipality and Region Administration (mainly, orthoimages and DSM and digital mapping) are a crucial support for multi-temporal spatial analysis, especially if compared with new DSMs related to past urban situations. The latter can be generated by new solution of digital image-matching techniques applicable to the available historical aerial images. The goal is to investigate the amount of available data and their effectiveness, to later test different experimental tools and methods for quick detection, localization and quantification of morphological macro-transformation at urban scale. At the same time, it has been examined the opportunity to made available, with up-and-coming Mobile Mapping Systems (MMS) based on image- and range-based techniques, a rapid and effective approach of data gathering, updating and sharing at validated urban scales. The presented research, carried out in the framework of the FULL@Polito research lab, applies to urban legacies and their regeneration, and is conducted on a key redevelopment area in northern Torino, the Parco Dora, that was occupied by steel industries actively working up to 1992. The long-standing steel structures of the Ferriere FIAT lot have been refurbished and incorporated in the new urban park, generating a contemporary space with a new evolving urban fabric, and being integrated in the new updated geo-spatial databases as well

The review of methods for documentation, management and sustainability of cultural heritage. Case study: Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów

All countries around the world are blessed with particularly rich cultural heritage. Nowadays, many researchers are exploring different methods for documentation, management and sustainability of cultural heritage. The aim of this article is to review the state of the art documentation, management and sustainability techniques in the field of cultural heritage based on the case study in the Museum of King Jan III’s Palace at Wilanów. Various 2D/3D image- and range-based methods are discussed demonstrating their applications and drawbacks. The geographical information system (GIS) is presented as a method for management, storage and maintenance of cultural heritage documentation

Combining remote sensing change detection and qualitative data to examine landscape change in the context of world heritage

Following inscription of Angkor on the World Heritage List in 1992, restrictions on forest use have been imposed on the local communities residing within the Angkor area. The result has been reduced access to forest resources by local villagers living within the WHS management zones, and with it reduced vegetation cover. Boundaries associated with World Heritage inscription, as defined by administrative lines, are often ambiguous where local boundary demarcation has evolved over time. This ambiguity has contributed to differing levels of constraints on access to resources being placed on communities. This research examines vegetation response to changing use levels enforced through forest management policy across the broader Angkor area. Mixed methods (Jiang, 2003; Creswell and Plano-Clark, 2007) are used to examine the influence of World Heritage zoning on subsistence use of forest resources, and to evaluate different approaches for quantifying and monitoring vegetation change. The effectiveness of site management, in the context of World Heritage obligations, for achieving conservation and development objectives is explored, with an emphasis on combining quantitative remote sensing and qualitative methods. Spatio-temporal patterns of vegetation change and forest resource constraints imposed on villagers are compared at locations both within and outside the WHS management zones. Multiple study sites were established in the north-east of the Angkor plain and the higher slopes and plateau of Phnom Kulen National Park. Research methods included semi-structured interviews with local villagers and key informants (including senior representatives of the Authority for the Protection and Management of Angkor and the Region of Siem Reap (APSARA)), field-based vegetation surveys, and analysis of management policies and historical vegetation and relevant management reports. Field-based studies engaged representatives from local communities in semi-structured interviews across 17 villages to understand how restrictions on forest access at the local level have influenced vegetation change. Vegetation change analysis using field-based vegetation surveys and classified high resolution multi-spectral satellite imagery, as well as informal interviews at spatial locations in close correspondence with areas identified from the remote sensing change V detection, further augmented this process by relating levels of subsistence use to different patterns of vegetation change that have occurred at both the local and landscape scale. Bi-temporal Multivariate Alteration Detection (MAD; Canty, 2007; Canty and Nielsen, 2008) was used to identify landscape change as it does not require the identification of discrete unvegetated areas of sufficient size required to use as calibration targets for image normalisation. MAD outputs show different aspects of change in land cover such as vegetation changing to soil or to rice paddy, vegetation growth, vegetation removal or change in vegetation type between the two dates. The Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI; Rouse et al., 1973) was used to generate vegetation change maps and quantify change at case studies. The issues surrounding management of the Angkor WHS, including access and availability of forest resources for local residents, are evident in the spatio-temporal correspondence between signature patterns observed in remotely sensed imagery and events as described in field interviews. Several findings emerged from this research. Firstly, interpretation of remote sensing change analysis and data collected during community-based interviews suggests that controls imposed by management is targeted at locals yet unregulated activity by outsiders and those able to circumvent the existing zoning regulations, appears to have created significant change. Secondly, while villagers located within the WHS core management Zones 1 and 2, the two zones with the strictest controls, appear to share similar constraints on use of forest resources for subsistence purposes, the restrictions associated with the management across these zones differ. This is most evident at villages located in close proximity to each other but within different management zones, supporting the argument that controls associated with each of the management boundaries have little relevance to the activities occurring on-the-ground. Thirdly, to sufficiently understand the change identified from the remote sensing analysis both social and cultural processes must be examined. Lastly, understanding the implications of landscape change, both within and across borders, is important for heritage management, and Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and remote sensing based mixed methods can contribute to quantifying such change. This research acknowledges the need to incorporate the broader cultural landscapes of Angkor into management, and argues that the regulations imposed on local communities by the inscription of the site have had unintended consequences, particularly in those zones of management where regulations have proved difficult to enforce. Additionally, it recognises the VI importance of understanding links between differing constraints on the subsistence use of forest resources imposed by heritage listing, and observed rates of vegetation change. The value of management approaches that extend WHS boundaries is also demonstrated, including the contribution of both remotely sensed based monitoring techniques and community-based interviews in establishing connectivity between these spatio-temporal trends and the processes underlying observed change

Application of Geographic Information Systems

The importance of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) can hardly be overemphasized in today’s academic and professional arena. More professionals and academics have been using GIS than ever – urban & regional planners, civil engineers, geographers, spatial economists, sociologists, environmental scientists, criminal justice professionals, political scientists, and alike. As such, it is extremely important to understand the theories and applications of GIS in our teaching, professional work, and research. “The Application of Geographic Information Systems” presents research findings that explain GIS’s applications in different subfields of social sciences. With several case studies conducted in different parts of the world, the book blends together the theories of GIS and their practical implementations in different conditions. It deals with GIS’s application in the broad spectrum of geospatial analysis and modeling, water resources analysis, land use analysis, infrastructure network analysis like transportation and water distribution network, and such. The book is expected to be a useful source of knowledge to the users of GIS who envision its applications in their teaching and research. This easy-to-understand book is surely not the end in itself but a little contribution to toward our understanding of the rich and wonderful subject of GIS

International Conference of Territorial Intelligence, Alba Iulia 2006. Vol.1, Papers on region, identity and sustainable development (deliverable 12 of caENTI, project funded under FP6 research program of the European Union), Aeternitas, Alba Iulia, 2007

GIRARDOT J.-J., PASCARU M., ILEANA I., 2007A.deliverable 12 of caENTIThese acts gather the communications of the International Conference of Territorial Intelligence that took place in ALBA IULIA in Romania, from September, the 20th to September, the 22nd 2006. This conference was the fourth conference of territorial intelligence, but the conference of ALBA IULIA is the first one that took place in the CAENTI, Coordination Action of the European Network of Territorial Intelligence, framework. Consequently, it has a particular organization. A part is devoted to the presentation of the CAENTI research activities and of their prospects. The CAENTI specific communications are published in another volume

Evaluating the Impact of Nature-Based Solutions: Appendix of Methods

The Handbook aims to provide decision-makers with a comprehensive NBS impact assessment framework, and a robust set of indicators and methodologies to assess impacts of nature-based solutions across 12 societal challenge areas: Climate Resilience; Water Management; Natural and Climate Hazards; Green Space Management; Biodiversity; Air Quality; Place Regeneration; Knowledge and Social Capacity Building for Sustainable Urban Transformation; Participatory Planning and Governance; Social Justice and Social Cohesion; Health and Well-being; New Economic Opportunities and Green Jobs. Indicators have been developed collaboratively by representatives of 17 individual EU-funded NBS projects and collaborating institutions such as the EEA and JRC, as part of the European Taskforce for NBS Impact Assessment, with the four-fold objective of: serving as a reference for relevant EU policies and activities; orient urban practitioners in developing robust impact evaluation frameworks for nature-based solutions at different scales; expand upon the pioneering work of the EKLIPSE framework by providing a comprehensive set of indicators and methodologies; and build the European evidence base regarding NBS impacts. They reflect the state of the art in current scientific research on impacts of nature-based solutions and valid and standardized methods of assessment, as well as the state of play in urban implementation of evaluation frameworks

5th International Conference. Youth in Conservation of Cultural Heritage YOCOCU. Book of abstracts.

Depto. de Mineralogía y PetrologíaFac. de Ciencias GeológicasTRUEYouth in Conservation of Cultural Heritage - YOCOCU EspañaMuseo Centro de Arte Reina Sofía MNCARSFundación Reina Sofíapu