Peer-to-Peer vs. the Internet: A Discussion on the Proper and Practical Location of Functionality

Peer-to-peer information sharing has become one of the dominant Internet applications, measured not only in the number of users, but also in the network bandwidth consumed. Thus, it is reasonable to examine the location of support functionality such as self-organisation, resource discovery, multipoint-to-multipoint group communication, forwarding, and routing, to provide the needed service to applications while optimising resource usage in the network. This position paper is intended to stimulate discussion in two related areas: First, where {em should} functionality to support peer-to-peer applications be located: in the network, or as an application overlay among end systems. Second, where {em can} functionality be located, given the practical constraints of the modern Internet including closed systems and middleboxes, as well as administrative, legal, and social issues. We will discuss the performance implications of these decisions, including whether low latency bounds for delay sensitive peer-to-peer applications (such as distributed network computing) can ever be achieved in this environment

Risk Analysis of the Implementation of IPv6 Neighbor Discovery in Public Network

Internet is ubiquitous, and in recent times its growth has been exponential. This rapid growth caused the depletion of the current Internet Protocol version 4 (IPv4) address, prompting IETF with the design of the new Internet Protocol version 6 (IPv6) in the 1990’s. IPv6 is the next generation of the Internet Protocol designed with much larger address space and additional functions to ease its use for the users. One of the new functions is address auto configuration of new host’s via Neighbor Discovery Protocol (NDP). However, the implementation of NDP is not without risk in terms of security. This paper analyzes the risk of NDP implementation in public network. The result shows a number of risks that appear on the implementation of NDP over a Public Network. Neighbors cannot be trusted 100%. One of them could be an attacker who may exploit the NDP message to get their own benefit. In addition the number of insiders increases time to time

Pyrazole-based analogs as potential antibacterial agents against methicillin-resistance staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and its SAR elucidation

Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is becoming lethal to humanity due to easy transmission and difficult-to-treat skin and flimsy diseases. The most threatening aspect is the rapid resistance development of MRSA to any approved antibiotics, including vancomycin. The development of new, efficient, and nontoxic drug candidate to fight against MRSA isolates is the need of the hour. The intriguing molecular structure and versatile bioactive pyrazole core attracting to development required novel antibiotics. This review presents the decade developments of pyrazole-containing derivatives with a broad antibacterial movement against diverged bacterial strains. In specific, we correlated the efficacy of structurally diversified pyrazole analogs against MRSA and discussed different angles of structure-activity relationship (SAR). The current survey highlights pyrazole hybrids' present scenario on MRSA studies, covering articles published from 2011 to 2020. This collective information may become an excellent platform to plan and develop new pyrazole-based small MRSA growth inhibitors with minimal side effects. (C) 2020 Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved

New perspectives on the IPv6 transition

Despite it being more than a decade old, and nearly two decades since the problems with IPv4 were first identified, IPv6 still has not diffused significantly through the Internet. Policies advocating market forces to promote IPv6 diffusion are widespread, and thus this paper examines IPv6 adoption from the perspectives of Hotelling's aconomics of exhaustible resources and the economics of permit markets, concluding in both cases that significant IPv6 diffusion will not occur until after the IPv4 address space is exhausted. This outcome is not desirable, and therefore new policy alternatives must be debated

Network Protocol Analyzer

Tato práce se zabývá problematikou identifikace síťových protokolů postavených nad protokoly rodiny TCP/IP. První část popisuje možné techniky a postupy identifikace, které jsou následně využity při návrhu analyzátoru síťových protokolů. Další část je věnována implementaci a testování navrženého analyzátoru. Tento analyzátor je určen pro operační systém GNU/Linux a využívá především knihoven libpcap a libpcre. V závěru práce jsou řešeny výsledky rychlosti a přesnosti identifikace, problémy a možná vylepšení.The thesis deals with the identification of network protocols, which are superior to the family of TCP/IP protocols. The first part of the work describes possible techniques and identification procedures, which are afterwards applied in design of the network protocols analyzer. Next part of the work is engaged in the implementation and testing of the analyzer. The abovementioned analyzer is intended for GNU/Linux and for its work makes use of libpcap and libpcre libraries. In the conclusion of the thesis there are discussed results of speed and precision, occurred problems and possible improving of the program.

Regulatory Treatment of IP Transport and Services

Current U.S. regulatory policy is incoherent in its treatment of packet-oriented data communications services. Services based on X.25, Frame Relay or ATM protocols are regulated as telecommunications services, while IP packet transport is lumped together with applications such as email and the World Wide Web -- and treated as an unregulated information service. Uncertainty also reigns over the appropriate treatment of IP telephony. As IP transport becomes an ever more significant fraction of all telecommunications, public policy problems posed by this inconsistent treatment are likely to increase

Power Efficient IP Lookup with Supernode Caching

Abstract-In this paper, we propose a novel supernode caching scheme to reduce IP lookup latencies and energy consumption in network processors. In stead of using an expensive TCAM based scheme, we implement a set associative SRAM based cache. We organize the IP routing table as a supernode tree (a tree bitmap structure

Guide des procédures administratives concernant les infrastructures de l'Internet

5 pages (English), 22 paginas (Español), 6 pages (Français)This document describes the administrative procedures for countries (or networks) seeking to connect to the global Internet. This includes the steps and operations necessary for address space allocation and registration, routing database registration, and domain name registration. Where to find the required forms and instructions on how to complete them are included