460 research outputs found
Use of Augmented Reality in Human Wayfinding: A Systematic Review
Augmented reality technology has emerged as a promising solution to assist
with wayfinding difficulties, bridging the gap between obtaining navigational
assistance and maintaining an awareness of one's real-world surroundings. This
article presents a systematic review of research literature related to AR
navigation technologies. An in-depth analysis of 65 salient studies was
conducted, addressing four main research topics: 1) current state-of-the-art of
AR navigational assistance technologies, 2) user experiences with these
technologies, 3) the effect of AR on human wayfinding performance, and 4)
impacts of AR on human navigational cognition. Notably, studies demonstrate
that AR can decrease cognitive load and improve cognitive map development, in
contrast to traditional guidance modalities. However, findings regarding
wayfinding performance and user experience were mixed. Some studies suggest
little impact of AR on improving outdoor navigational performance, and certain
information modalities may be distracting and ineffective. This article
discusses these nuances in detail, supporting the conclusion that AR holds
great potential in enhancing wayfinding by providing enriched navigational
cues, interactive experiences, and improved situational awareness.Comment: 52 page
Map matching by using inertial sensors: literature review
This literature review aims to clarify what is known about map matching by
using inertial sensors and what are the requirements for map matching, inertial
sensors, placement and possible complementary position technology. The target
is to develop a wearable location system that can position itself within a complex
construction environment automatically with the aid of an accurate building model.
The wearable location system should work on a tablet computer which is running
an augmented reality (AR) solution and is capable of track and visualize 3D-CAD
models in real environment. The wearable location system is needed to support the
system in initialization of the accurate camera pose calculation and automatically
finding the right location in the 3D-CAD model. One type of sensor which does seem
applicable to people tracking is inertial measurement unit (IMU). The IMU sensors
in aerospace applications, based on laser based gyroscopes, are big but provide a
very accurate position estimation with a limited drift. Small and light units such
as those based on Micro-Electro-Mechanical (MEMS) sensors are becoming very
popular, but they have a significant bias and therefore suffer from large drifts and
require method for calibration like map matching. The system requires very little
fixed infrastructure, the monetary cost is proportional to the number of users, rather
than to the coverage area as is the case for traditional absolute indoor location
systems.Siirretty Doriast
Integrating Haptic Feedback into Mobile Location Based Services
Haptics is a feedback technology that takes advantage of the human sense of touch by
applying forces, vibrations, and/or motions to a haptic-enabled device such as a mobile
phone. Historically, human-computer interaction has been visual - text and images on
the screen. Haptic feedback can be an important additional method especially in Mobile
Location Based Services such as knowledge discovery, pedestrian navigation and notification
systems. A knowledge discovery system called the Haptic GeoWand is a low
interaction system that allows users to query geo-tagged data around them by using
a point-and-scan technique with their mobile device. Haptic Pedestrian is a navigation
system for walkers. Four prototypes have been developed classified according to
the user’s guidance requirements, the user type (based on spatial skills), and overall
system complexity. Haptic Transit is a notification system that provides spatial information
to the users of public transport. In all these systems, haptic feedback is used
to convey information about location, orientation, density and distance by use of the
vibration alarm with varying frequencies and patterns to help understand the physical
environment. Trials elicited positive responses from the users who see benefit in being
provided with a “heads up” approach to mobile navigation. Results from a memory recall
test show that the users of haptic feedback for navigation had better memory recall
of the region traversed than the users of landmark images. Haptics integrated into a
multi-modal navigation system provides more usable, less distracting but more effective
interaction than conventional systems. Enhancements to the current work could include
integration of contextual information, detailed large-scale user trials and the exploration
of using haptics within confined indoor spaces
Robust localization with wearable sensors
Measuring physical movements of humans and understanding human behaviour is useful in a variety of areas and disciplines. Human inertial tracking is a method that can be leveraged for monitoring complex actions that emerge from interactions between human actors and their environment. An accurate estimation of motion trajectories can support new approaches to pedestrian navigation, emergency rescue, athlete management, and medicine. However, tracking with wearable inertial sensors has several problems that need to be overcome, such as the low accuracy of consumer-grade inertial measurement units (IMUs), the error accumulation problem in long-term tracking, and the artefacts generated by movements that are less common. This thesis focusses on measuring human movements with wearable head-mounted sensors to accurately estimate the physical location of a person over time. The research consisted of (i) providing an overview of the current state of research for inertial tracking with wearable sensors, (ii) investigating the performance of new tracking algorithms that combine sensor fusion and data-driven machine learning, (iii) eliminating the effect of random head motion during tracking, (iv) creating robust long-term tracking systems with a Bayesian neural network and sequential Monte Carlo method, and (v) verifying that the system can be applied with changing modes of behaviour, defined as natural transitions from walking to running and vice versa. This research introduces a new system for inertial tracking with head-mounted sensors (which can be placed in, e.g. helmets, caps, or glasses). This technology can be used for long-term positional tracking to explore complex behaviours
Neuroadaptive mobile geographic information displays: an emerging cartographic research frontier
Mobility, including navigation and wayfinding, is a basic human requirement for survival. For thousands of years maps have played a significant role for human mobility and survival. Increasing reliance on digital GNSS-enabled navigation assistance, however, is impacting human attentional resources and is limiting our innate cognitive spatial abilities. To mitigate human de-skilling, a neuroadaptive (mobile) cartographic research frontier is proposed and first steps towards creating well-designed mobile geographic information displays (mGIDs) that not only respond to navigators’ cognitive load and visuo-spatial attentional resources during navigation in real-time but are also able to scaffold spatial learning while still maintaining navigation efficiency. This in turn, will help humans to remain as independent from geoinformation technology, as desired.
La mobilité, dont la navigation et l'orientation, est un besoin humain fondamental pour la survie. Pendant des milliers d'années, les cartes analogiques ont joué un rôle significatif pour la mobilité humaine et sa survie. Pourtant, la dépendance grandissante vis-à-vis de l'assistance à la navigation à l'aide de données numériques GNSS, impacte les ressources de l'attention humaine et limite nos capacités innées de cognition spatiale. Pour atténuer la perte de compétence humaine, un front de recherche sur la cartographie (mobile) neuroadaptative est proposé ainsi que des premières étapes pour la création d'écrans d'informations géographiques mobile (mGID) bien conçus, qui non seulement répondent à la charge cognitive et aux ressources de l'attention visio-spatiale des utilisateurs navigateurs pendant la navigation temps-réel mais aussi qui soient capables d'élaborer un apprentissage spatial tout en assurant l'efficacité de la navigation. Cela aidera les humains à rester aussi indépendant de la technologie de l'information géographique qu'ils le souhaitent
An Adaptive Human Activity-Aided Hand-Held Smartphone-Based Pedestrian Dead Reckoning Positioning System
Pedestrian dead reckoning (PDR), enabled by smartphones’ embedded inertial sensors, is widely applied as a type of indoor positioning system (IPS). However, traditional PDR faces two challenges to improve its accuracy: lack of robustness for different PDR-related human activities and positioning error accumulation over elapsed time. To cope with these issues, we propose a novel adaptive human activity-aided PDR (HAA-PDR) IPS that consists of two main parts, human activity recognition (HAR) and PDR optimization. (1) For HAR, eight different locomotion-related activities are divided into two classes: steady-heading activities (ascending/descending stairs, stationary, normal walking, stationary stepping, and lateral walking) and non-steady-heading activities (door opening and turning). A hierarchical combination of a support vector machine (SVM) and decision tree (DT) is used to recognize steady-heading activities. An autoencoder-based deep neural network (DNN) and a heading range-based method to recognize door opening and turning, respectively. The overall HAR accuracy is over 98.44%. (2) For optimization methods, a process automatically sets the parameters of the PDR differently for different activities to enhance step counting and step length estimation. Furthermore, a method of trajectory optimization mitigates PDR error accumulation utilizing the non-steady-heading activities. We divided the trajectory into small segments and reconstructed it after targeted optimization of each segment. Our method does not use any a priori knowledge of the building layout, plan, or map. Finally, the mean positioning error of our HAA-PDR in a multilevel building is 1.79 m, which is a significant improvement in accuracy compared with a baseline state-of-the-art PDR system
NavMarkAR: A Landmark-based Augmented Reality (AR) Wayfinding System for Enhancing Spatial Learning of Older Adults
Wayfinding in complex indoor environments is often challenging for older
adults due to declines in navigational and spatial-cognition abilities. This
paper introduces NavMarkAR, an augmented reality navigation system designed for
smart-glasses to provide landmark-based guidance, aiming to enhance older
adults' spatial navigation skills. This work addresses a significant gap in
design research, with limited prior studies evaluating cognitive impacts of AR
navigation systems. An initial usability test involved 6 participants, leading
to prototype refinements, followed by a comprehensive study with 32
participants in a university setting. Results indicate improved wayfinding
efficiency and cognitive map accuracy when using NavMarkAR. Future research
will explore long-term cognitive skill retention with such navigational aids.Comment: 24 page
Evaluating indoor positioning systems in a shopping mall : the lessons learned from the IPIN 2018 competition
The Indoor Positioning and Indoor Navigation (IPIN) conference holds an annual competition in which indoor localization systems from different research groups worldwide are evaluated empirically. The objective of this competition is to establish a systematic evaluation methodology with rigorous metrics both for real-time (on-site) and post-processing (off-site) situations, in a realistic environment unfamiliar to the prototype developers. For the IPIN 2018 conference, this competition was held on September 22nd, 2018, in Atlantis, a large shopping mall in Nantes (France). Four competition tracks (two on-site and two off-site) were designed. They consisted of several 1 km routes traversing several floors of the mall. Along these paths, 180 points were topographically surveyed with a 10 cm accuracy, to serve as ground truth landmarks, combining theodolite measurements, differential global navigation satellite system (GNSS) and 3D scanner systems. 34 teams effectively competed. The accuracy score corresponds to the third quartile (75th percentile) of an error metric that combines the horizontal positioning error and the floor detection. The best results for the on-site tracks showed an accuracy score of 11.70 m (Track 1) and 5.50 m (Track 2), while the best results for the off-site tracks showed an accuracy score of 0.90 m (Track 3) and 1.30 m (Track 4). These results showed that it is possible to obtain high accuracy indoor positioning solutions in large, realistic environments using wearable light-weight sensors without deploying any beacon. This paper describes the organization work of the tracks, analyzes the methodology used to quantify the results, reviews the lessons learned from the competition and discusses its future
Haptic Transit: Tactile feedback to notify public transport users
To attract people to use public transport,
efficient transit information systems
providing accurate, real-time, easy-tounderstand
information must be provided to
users. In this paper we introduce
HapticTransit, a tactile feedback based
alert/notification model of a system, which
provides spatial information to the public
transport user. The model uses real-time bus
location with other spatial information to
provide feedback about the user as their
journey is in progress. The system allows
users make better use of „in-bus‟ time. It
allows the user be involved with other
activities and not be anxious about the
arrival at their destination bus stop. Our
survey shows a majority of users have
missed a bus stop/station whilst undertaking
a transit journey in an unfamiliar location.
The information provided by our system can
be of great advantage to certain user groups.
The vibration alarm is used to provide tactile
feedback. Visual feedback, in the form of
colour coded buttons and textual description,
is also provided. This model forms the basis
for further research for developing
information systems for public transport
users with special needs – deaf, visually
impaired and those with poor spatial
abilities
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