Video Conferencing Evaluation Considering Scalable Video Coding and SDN Network

Video conferencing is very common nowadays, and it may contemplate heterogenous devices (e.g., smartphones, notebooks, game consoles) and networks in the same session. Developing video conferencing systems for this myriad of devices with different capabilities requires special attention from system designer. Scalable video coding (SVC) is a prominent option to mitigate this heterogeneity issue, but traditional Internet protocol (IP) networks may not fully benefit from such a technology. In contrast, software-defined networking (SDN) may allow better utilization of SVC and improvements on video conferencing components. This paper evaluates the performance of video conferencing systems adopting SVC, SDN and ordinary IP networks, taking into account throughput, delay and peak signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) as the metrics of interest. The experiments are based on Mininet framework and distinct network infrastructures are also considered. Results indicate SDN with SVC may deliver better video quality with reduced delay and increased throughput

Architecture and Protocol to Optimize Videoconference in Wireless Networks

[EN] In the past years, videoconferencing (VC) has become an essential means of communications. VC allows people to communicate face to face regardless of their location, and it can be used for different purposes such as business meetings, medical assistance, commercial meetings, and military operations. There are a lot of factors in real-time video transmission that can affect to the quality of service (QoS) and the quality of experience (QoE). The application that is used (Adobe Connect, Cisco Webex, and Skype), the internet connection, or the network used for the communication can affect to the QoE. Users want communication to be as good as possible in terms of QoE. In this paper, we propose an architecture for videoconferencing that provides better quality of experience than other existing applications such as Adobe Connect, Cisco Webex, and Skype. We will test how these three applications work in terms of bandwidth, packets per second, and delay using WiFi and 3G/4G connections. Finally, these applications are compared to our prototype in the same scenarios as they were tested, and also in an SDN, in order to improve the advantages of the prototype.This work has been supported by the "Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad" in the "Programa Estatal de Fomento de la Investigacion Cientifica y Tecnica de Excelencia, Subprograma Estatal de Generacion de Conocimiento" within the project under Grant TIN2017-84802-C2-1-P.Jimenez, JM.; García-Navas, JL.; Lloret, J.; Romero Martínez, JO. (2020). Architecture and Protocol to Optimize Videoconference in Wireless Networks. Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing. 2020:1-22. https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/4903420S122202

Quality Of Service Enabled Routing For Video Streaming In Software Defined Network

The Internet has become the point of convergence for data, voice, audio and video. It is fast becoming the preferred platform for communication and content delivery, eventually leading to the demise of conventional PSTN telephone network and terrestrial/ satellite television. Video streaming is experiencing an unprecedented growth it currently accounts for more than half the Internet traffic and is expected to reach 82% in the next 3 years. The transmission of video and other time-sensitive content uses UDP (as opposed to TCP) because this protocol improves quality of service (QoS) in terms of providing fast and efficient transmission. Various types of QoS architecture have been proposed and deployed to further improve the quality of video transmission for example, integrated service, differentiated service and multiprotocol label switching. Recently, software-defined networking (SDN), a network virtualisation architecture, has introduced the possibility of further improving QoS, especially for multidescription coded video streaming. In the current design, such videos are transmitted over a single path that can lead to deteriorated QoS. Owing to the nature of multiple description coding (MDC) videos, the descriptions of the video can be separated and sent over multiple paths by taking advantage of the SDN design and features. Existing methods do not consider the best use of error-resiliency when deciding the multipath

Survey of Transportation of Adaptive Multimedia Streaming service in Internet

[DE] World Wide Web is the greatest boon towards the technological advancement of modern era. Using the benefits of Internet globally, anywhere and anytime, users can avail the benefits of accessing live and on demand video services. The streaming media systems such as YouTube, Netflix, and Apple Music are reining the multimedia world with frequent popularity among users. A key concern of quality perceived for video streaming applications over Internet is the Quality of Experience (QoE) that users go through. Due to changing network conditions, bit rate and initial delay and the multimedia file freezes or provide poor video quality to the end users, researchers across industry and academia are explored HTTP Adaptive Streaming (HAS), which split the video content into multiple segments and offer the clients at varying qualities. The video player at the client side plays a vital role in buffer management and choosing the appropriate bit rate for each such segment of video to be transmitted. A higher bit rate transmitted video pauses in between whereas, a lower bit rate video lacks in quality, requiring a tradeoff between them. The need of the hour was to adaptively varying the bit rate and video quality to match the transmission media conditions. Further, The main aim of this paper is to give an overview on the state of the art HAS techniques across multimedia and networking domains. A detailed survey was conducted to analyze challenges and solutions in adaptive streaming algorithms, QoE, network protocols, buffering and etc. It also focuses on various challenges on QoE influence factors in a fluctuating network condition, which are often ignored in present HAS methodologies. Furthermore, this survey will enable network and multimedia researchers a fair amount of understanding about the latest happenings of adaptive streaming and the necessary improvements that can be incorporated in future developments.Abdullah, MTA.; Lloret, J.; Canovas Solbes, A.; García-García, L. (2017). Survey of Transportation of Adaptive Multimedia Streaming service in Internet. Network Protocols and Algorithms. 9(1-2):85-125. doi:10.5296/npa.v9i1-2.12412S8512591-

The Road Ahead for Networking: A Survey on ICN-IP Coexistence Solutions

In recent years, the current Internet has experienced an unexpected paradigm shift in the usage model, which has pushed researchers towards the design of the Information-Centric Networking (ICN) paradigm as a possible replacement of the existing architecture. Even though both Academia and Industry have investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of ICN, achieving the complete replacement of the Internet Protocol (IP) is a challenging task. Some research groups have already addressed the coexistence by designing their own architectures, but none of those is the final solution to move towards the future Internet considering the unaltered state of the networking. To design such architecture, the research community needs now a comprehensive overview of the existing solutions that have so far addressed the coexistence. The purpose of this paper is to reach this goal by providing the first comprehensive survey and classification of the coexistence architectures according to their features (i.e., deployment approach, deployment scenarios, addressed coexistence requirements and architecture or technology used) and evaluation parameters (i.e., challenges emerging during the deployment and the runtime behaviour of an architecture). We believe that this paper will finally fill the gap required for moving towards the design of the final coexistence architecture.Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures, 3 table

Dynamic video bitrate adaptation for WebRTC-based remote teaching applications

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DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS OF MULTIPOINT VIDEO CONFERENCING IN EDUCATION

In this modern era, people can do meetings by doing video conferencing. By doing video conferencing we can reach our colleagues who are geographically far from us in real time, as if we are close to them through video and audio visual. it's just that sometimes the capacity of video conferencing tools becomes an obstacle in doing conference simultaneously for multiple locations. Video conferencing between three or more locations is possible through the Multipoint Control Unit (MCU) system. This research was conducted at one of the educational institutions which had several branches spread in various locations and each location had a video conference tool. MCU system that was used previously is the sx20 telepresence which can only accommodate 3 video conference locations simultaneously. from this problem this educational institution developed a new MCU system using Acano. By using this Acano system can support HD quality video so that video and audio can be clearly displayed.  Di era modern ini, orang dapat melakukan pertemuan dengan melakukan konferensi video. Dengan melakukan konferensi video, kita dapat menjangkau kolega kita yang secara geografis jauh dari kita secara real time, seolah-olah kita dekat dengan mereka melalui video dan audio visual. hanya saja terkadang kapasitas alat konferensi video menjadi kendala dalam melakukan konferensi secara bersamaan untuk beberapa lokasi. Konferensi video antara tiga lokasi atau lebih dimungkinkan melalui sistem Multipoint Control Unit (MCU). Penelitian ini dilakukan di salah satu lembaga pendidikan yang memiliki beberapa cabang yang tersebar di berbagai lokasi dan setiap lokasi memiliki alat konferensi video. Sistem MCU yang digunakan sebelumnya adalah telepresence sx20 yang hanya dapat menampung 3 lokasi konferensi video secara bersamaan. dari masalah ini lembaga pendidikan ini mengembangkan sistem MCU baru menggunakan Acano. Dengan menggunakan sistem Acano ini dapat mendukung video berkualitas HD sehingga video dan audio dapat ditampilkan dengan jelas

Livenet: A low-latency video transport network for large-scale live streaming

Low-latency live streaming has imposed stringent latency requirements on video transport networks. In this paper we report on the design and operation of the Alibaba low-latency video transport network, LiveNet. LiveNet builds on a flat CDN overlay with a centralized controller for global optimization. As part of this, we present our design of the global routing computation and path assignment, as well as our fast data transmission architecture with fine-grained control of video frames. The performance results obtained from three years of operation demonstrate the effectiveness of LiveNet in improving CDN performance and QoE metrics. Compared with our prior state-of-The-Art hierarchical CDN deployment, LiveNet halves the CDN delay and ensures 98% of views do not experience stalls and that 95% can start playback within 1 second. We further report our experiences of running LiveNet over the last 3 years

QOE-AWARE CONTENT DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS FOR ADAPTIVE BITRATE VIDEO STREAMING

A prodigious increase in video streaming content along with a simultaneous rise in end system capabilities has led to the proliferation of adaptive bit rate video streaming users in the Internet. Today, video streaming services range from Video-on-Demand services like traditional IP TV to more recent technologies such as immersive 3D experiences for live sports events. In order to meet the demands of these services, the multimedia and networking research community continues to strive toward efficiently delivering high quality content across the Internet while also trying to minimize content storage and delivery costs. The introduction of flexible and adaptable technologies such as compute and storage clouds, Network Function Virtualization and Software Defined Networking continue to fuel content provider revenue. Today, content providers such as Google and Facebook build their own Software-Defined WANs to efficiently serve millions of users worldwide, while NetFlix partners with ISPs such as ATT (using OpenConnect) and cloud providers such as Amazon EC2 to serve their content and manage the delivery of several petabytes of high-quality video content for millions of subscribers at a global scale, respectively. In recent years, the unprecedented growth of video traffic in the Internet has seen several innovative systems such as Software Defined Networks and Information Centric Networks as well as inventive protocols such as QUIC, in an effort to keep up with the effects of this remarkable growth. While most existing systems continue to sub-optimally satisfy user requirements, future video streaming systems will require optimal management of storage and bandwidth resources that are several orders of magnitude larger than what is implemented today. Moreover, Quality-of-Experience metrics are becoming increasingly fine-grained in order to accurately quantify diverse content and consumer needs. In this dissertation, we design and investigate innovative adaptive bit rate video streaming systems and analyze the implications of recent technologies on traditional streaming approaches using real-world experimentation methods. We provide useful insights for current and future content distribution network administrators to tackle Quality-of-Experience dilemmas and serve high quality video content to several users at a global scale. In order to show how Quality-of-Experience can benefit from core network architectural modifications, we design and evaluate prototypes for video streaming in Information Centric Networks and Software-Defined Networks. We also present a real-world, in-depth analysis of adaptive bitrate video streaming over protocols such as QUIC and MPQUIC to show how end-to-end protocol innovation can contribute to substantial Quality-of-Experience benefits for adaptive bit rate video streaming systems. We investigate a cross-layer approach based on QUIC and observe that application layer-based information can be successfully used to determine transport layer parameters for ABR streaming applications

Transmission Protocol for Video-on-Demand Streaming in 5G Core Networks

The fifth generation (5G) networks are expected to accommodate various applications with diversified quality-of-service (QoS) requirements. To this end, some new technologies are employed in 5G networks such as software-de ned networking (SDN), network function virtualization (NFV) and network slicing. SDN emerges as a promising architecture towards flexible and agile network operation. By decoupling control functions from substrate nodes, SDN enables informed network control and function recon figuration on programmable switches. NFV partitions the network functions from the dedicated hardware platforms which enables on-demand deployment of network functions. Thanks to the employment of these new technologies, fine-grained and customized in-network control mechanisms can be realized to improve network performance. In this thesis, we develop a transmission protocol for video-on-demand (VoD) streaming in the SDN/NFV-based 5G core network. By exploiting the flexibility of scalable video coding and the caching resources in the core network, we develop a novel selective caching policy for in-network congestion resolution. An enhanced transmission policy is proposed to improve the throughput and the network resource utilization by sending cached video packets once the congestion event is over. The proposed protocol is able to adapt to traffic dynamics and varying network environment, and it is shown to effectively alleviate network congestion with balanced throughput and resource utilization. Simulation results are presented to validate the efficiency of the proposed protocol in terms of packet delay, goodput ratio, throughput and resource utilization