A semantic-based platform for the digital analysis of architectural heritage

This essay focuses on the fields of architectural documentation and digital representation. We present a research paper concerning the development of an information system at the scale of architecture, taking into account the relationships that can be established between the representation of buildings (shape, dimension, state of conservation, hypothetical restitution) and heterogeneous information about various fields (such as the technical, the documentary or still the historical one). The proposed approach aims to organize multiple representations (and associated information) around a semantic description model with the goal of defining a system for the multi-field analysis of buildings

AS-BUILT RELIABILITY IN ARCHITECTURAL HBIM MODELING

Abstract. The As-Built Model cannot be considered as a simple three-dimensional mould of the studied reality but as a process of analysis, synthesis and communication of architectural complexity including, in addition to geometric-dimensional aspects, also the historical, aesthetic and architectural features of the building. Consequently, the transparency and reliability issues of the digital visualization constitutes, as well as for the field of archaeology, a matter of primary importance in the modelling of cultural heritage. The increasing interest of scholars in the application of Building Information Modelling (BIM) to historical buildings has renewed the problems related to the reliability of the As-built, related not only to the relationship between the model and the measure, but also to the other information, for example the constructive technologies. Based on the survey and modelling of some case studies, the paper's aim is to define a reference standard for the reliability declaration of the As-Built HBIM models, which considers both the geometric and information aspects.</p

A semi-automatic 2D/3D annotation framework for the geometric analysis of heritage artefacts

International audienceDocumentation and monitoring of heritage objects involve many actors on multidisciplinary aspects. The progress made over the years in the field of digital technologies has enabled many tools for analysis, management and dissemination of information gathered around an object. These tools must allow users to semantically describe the object while allowing them to grasp its morphological complexity and the heterogeneity of the available analysis supports. This article introduces an approach for the semantic annotation of heritage objects by using the bijective relationship that can be established between a 3D representation of an object and the set of oriented images towards it, while maintaining a continuum of information between all phases of observation and description, from acquisition to visualization of semantically enriched representations. The main idea is to offer a versatile environment to help extraction of relevant information from images using geometric descriptors and semi-automatic point cloud processing methods

3D MODELING OF THE MICHIGAN TECH HUSKY STATUE USING A CLOSE-RANGE PHOTOGRAMMETRIC APPROACH

In fall of 2014 a three meter tall statue of a Husky was erected on the campus of Michigan Technological University. The Husky is Michigan Tech’s mascot and a symbol of the snowy frozen north woods in which the campus is located. The statue was conceived and funded by the universities alumni association and by donors who paid to have bricks engraved around the statue. A team of graduate students in the Integrated Geospatial Technology program came up with the idea of using photogrammetry to model the statue in order to perform accurate measurements of area and volume. This initial idea was taken another step by the need for a course project in close-range photogrammetry and a desire by the alumni association to publish a 3D model of the statue online. This study tests two software packages that can be used to create a photogrammetric model of the statue. A final data set has yet to be collected; however initial attempts have been successful in creating a highly detailed digital model. With the weather clearing and the snow melting work will continue on this project

Sharing high-resolution models and information on web: The web module of bim3dsg system

BIM3DSG system is described here. It is an ad hoc designed BIM system created for Cultural Heritage applications. It proposes some solutions to solve some issues related to the use of BIM in this field. First, it tries to resolve the problem of managing huge, complex, high resolution and heterogeneous 3D models, and then it offers a practical, easy and efficient solution for a wide sharing of data and information

3D survey and virtual reconstruction of heritage. The case study of the City Council and Lonja of Alcañiz

[EN] With current data acquisition techniques, exhaustive documentation of patrimonial goods is generated, which allows obtaining a 3D geometric model, on which data from research from research is generated. As in other fields of architecture, the latest graphic techniques and manipulation of the image, allow a working methodology other than the current one in the patrimonial field. The information systems have been evolving towards technologies developed with open source software, the use of standards, ontologies and the structuring of information and of the 3D model itself under a semantic hierarchy. Interoperability between databases is favored and the maintenance of applications is ensured. The purpose is to support decision-making related to the model and simultaneously, serve multiple purposes such as cataloging, protection, restoration, conservation, maintenance or dissemination, among others. The research carried out for the realization of the survey of the City Council and Lonja of Alcañiz (Teruel), has the aim of expanding the historical knowledge of the buildings and delimiting its possible constructive phases, in order to obtain the geometric reality of the buildings. In this way, provide greater instruments to carry out the drafting work of the set restoration project. Quintilla Castán, M.; Agustín Hernández, L. (2021). 3D survey and virtual reconstruction of heritage. The case study of the City Council and Lonja of Alcañiz. VITRUVIO - International Journal of Architectural Technology and Sustainability. 6(2):12-25. https://doi.org/10.4995/vitruvio-ijats.2021.16567OJS122562Afsari, K., Eastman, C., Shelden, D. 2016. Cloud-Based BIM Data Transmission: Current Status and Challenges. 33rd International Symposium on Automation and Robotics in Construction (ISARC 2016). https://doi.org/10.22260/ISARC2016/0129Apollonio, F.I., Benedetti, B., Gaiani, M. 2011. Construction, Management and Visualization of 3D Models of Large Archeological and Architectural Sites for E-Heritage GIS Systems. XXIIIrd International CIPA Symposium, Prague, Czech Republic. https://doi.org/10.6092/unibo/amsacta/3141Armisén Fernández, A., García Fernández-Jardón, B., Mateos Redondo, F. J., Valdeón Menéndez, L., Rojo Álvarez, A. 2016. Plataforma virtual para el diseño, planificación, control, intervención y mantenimiento en el ámbito de la conservación del patrimonio histórico "PETROBIM". Congreso Euro-Americano REHABEND 2016, Universidad de Cantabria.Armisén Fernández, A., Agustín, L.,..., Soto, A. 2018. BIM aplicado al patrimonio cultural. España: Building SMART Spanish Chapter: Documento 14. https://www.buildingsmart.es/recursos/gu%C3%ADas-ubim/Banfi, F. 2019. The integration of a scan-To-HBIM process in bim application: The development of an add-in to guide users in autodesk revit. ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W11, 141-148. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W11-141-2019De Luca, L., Busayarat, C., Stefani, C., Véron, P., Florenzano, M. 2011. A semantic-based platform for the digital analysis of architectural heritage. Computers & Graphics. 35(2), 227-241. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cag.2010.11.009Dore, C., Murphy, M., Mccarthy, M., Casidy, C., Dirix, E. 2015. Structural Simulations and Conservation Analysis -Historic Building Information Model (HBIM). ISPRS-The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XL-5/W4, 351-357. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-5-W4-351-2015Fassi, F., Achille, C., Mandelli, A., Rechichi, F., Parri, S. 2015. A new idea of BIM system for visualization, web sharing and using huge complex 3d models for facility management, ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XL-5/W4, 359-366. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-XL-5-W4-359-2015Fassi, F., Fregonese, L., Adami, A., Rechichi, F. 2017. BIM system for the conservation and preservation of the mosaics of San Marco in Venice. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W5, 229-236. doi.org/ 94/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W5-229-2017Hernández Martínez, A. 2016. La restauración monumental en Aragón en la década de los 70 del siglo XX: las intervenciones de Chueca Goitia en las casas consistoriales de Tarazona, Alcañiz y Uncastillo. El Greco en su IV Centenario: patrimonio hispánico y diálogo intercultural. Textos de ponencias y comunicaciones. Cuenca, Ediciones de la Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Colección "Estudios" 151: 338.Iadanza, E., Maietti, F., Ziri, A.E., Di Giulio, R., Medici, M., Ferrari, F., Bonsma, P., Turillazzi, B. 2019. Semantic web technologies meet BIM for accessing and understanding cultural heritage. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W9, 381-388. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W9-381-2019Malinverni, E.S., Pierdicca, R., Paolanti, M., Martini, M., Morbidoni, C., Matrone, F., Lingua, A. 2019. Deep learning for semantic segmentation of 3D point cloud. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-2/W15, 735-742. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-2-W15-735-2019Marston, S., Li, Z., Bandyopadhyay, S., Zhang, J., Ghalsasi, A. 2011. Cloud computing-The business perspective. Decision Support Systems, 51(1), 176-189. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dss.2010.12.006Murphy, M., Mcgovern, E., Pavia, S. 2013. Historic Building Information Modelling - Adding intelligence to laser and image based surveys of European claasical architecture. ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, 76, 89-102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2012.11.006Nieto Julián, J. E., Moyano Campos, J. J. 2014. El Estudio Paramental en el Modelo de Información del Edificio Histórico o "Proyecto HBIM". Virtual Archaeology Review, 5(11), 73-85. https://doi.org/10.4995/var.2014.4183Nieto Julián, J.E., Moyano Campos, J.J., Rico Delgado, F., Antón García, D. 2016. Management of built heritage via HBIM Project: A case of study of flooring and tiling, Virtual Archaeology Review, 7(14), 1-12. https://doi.org/ 10.4995/var.2016.4349Oreni, D., Brumana, R., Della Torre, S., Banfi, F., & Previtali, M., 2014. Survey turned into HBIM: the restoration and the work involved concerning the Basilica di Collemaggio after the earthquake (L'Aquila). ISPRS Annals of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2(5), 267-273. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprsannals-II-5-267-2014Quattrini, R., Pierdicca, R., Morbidoni, C., Malinverni, E.S. 2017. Conservation-oriented HBIM. The Bimexplorer web tool. ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLII-5/W1, 275-281. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLII-5-W1-275-2017Rechichi, F., Mandelli, A., Achille, C., Fassi, F. 2016. Sharing high-resolution models and information on web: the web module of bim3dsg system. ISPRS-International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, XLI-B5, 703-710. https://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B5-703-2016Schuster, J. M. D. 1997. Information as a tool of preservation action. Preserving the built heritage: tools for implementation. Hanover and London: 32. University Press of New England.Thomson Llisterri, T. 2015. Conjunto Lonja-Ayuntamiento de Alcañiz. Fuentes y estado de la cuestión. Jornadas de Arte sobre la Lonja de Alcañiz. Taller de investigación multidisciplinar. Jornadas de estudio y difusión del patrimonio. Contextualización histórica. Alcañiz, Centro de Estudios de Arte del Renacimiento, 1 al 3 de julio de 2015

Lighting in the third dimension : laser scanning as an architectural survey and representation method

This paper proposes tridimensional (3D) laser scanning to architects and lighting designers as a lighting enquiry and visualization method for existing built environments. The method constitutes a complement to existing lighting methods by responding to limitations of photometric measurements, computer simulation and HDR imagery in surveying and visualizing light in actual buildings. The research explores advantages and limitations of 3D laser scanning in a case study addressing a vast, geometrically complex and fragmented naturally and artificially lit space. Lighting patterns and geometry of the case study are captured with a 3D laser scanner through a series of four scans. A single 3D model of the entire space is produced from the aligned and fused scans. Lighting distribution patterns are showcased in relation to the materiality, geometry and position of windows, walls, lighting fixtures and day lighting sources. Results and presented through images similar to architectural presentation drawings. More specifically, the lighting distribution patterns are illustrated in a floor plan, a reflected ceiling plan, an axonometry and a cross-section. The point cloud model of the case study is also generated into a video format representing the entire building as well as different viewpoints. The study shows that the proposed method provides powerful visualization results due to the unlimited number of images that can be generated from a point cloud and facilitates understanding of existing lighting conditions in spaces

DOCUMENTING THE CONSERVATIVE EVOLUTION OF THE CITY WALLS THANKS TO THE INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL SYSTEMS OF VARIOUS TYPOLOGIES. THE CASE STUDY OF VALBONA GATE

The presented study describes how to document in a dynamic way a complex and full of historical information architecture with a flexible system. Thanks to the collaboration between various professional figures and the integration of various digital systems, it has been possible to create an open documentary model able to satisfy the need to manage complex information.Our case study is the Valbona gate, the main entrance of the city of Urbino. The project presents two different phases: a first study is characterised by the setting up of a Datawarehouse concerning state of conservation and restoration managed with a GIS system; the second part is focused on a new type of documentation, developed with an online software, CDR - Conservation Digital Report.Thanks to the capacity of organising all data into a single Geodatabase system, the information relating to the conservation status and to deterioration, restoration interventions carried out.The result is a geodatabase linked with conservative sheets expressly scheduled. In this way the documentation is completed by a system which allows a simple updating of information and its implementation, if necessary.</p

Augmented reality applied to historical-architectural heritage : sofware project for viewing UFRGS historic buildings

O presente artigo apresenta a aplicação da tecnologia de realidade aumentada como alternativa à preservação do patrimônio histórico-arquitetônico. A tecnologia permite adicionar em tempo real informações visuais sobre a imagem que é capturada pela câmera de telefones celulares. Por meio dessa técnica, quando a câmera do celular está ligada, é possível aumentar a realidade da imagem que é vista pelo usuário, como a inclusão de textos explicativos ou mesmo de imagens para complementar as partes faltantes de um prédio em ruínas. Nessa perspectiva, questiona-se: Como o patrimônio histórico-arquitetônico pode ser conservado por meio de aplicativos de realidade aumentada? Ao responder essa pergunta, buscase investigar o uso da realidade aumentada na preservação do patrimônio histórico-arquitetônico na cidade de Porto Alegre. Para atingir esse objetivo, a pesquisa mapeia aplicativos de realidade aumentada aplicados à conservação do patrimônio histórico-arquitetônico; avalia empiricamente aplicativos de realidade aumentada aplicados à conservação do patrimônio histórico-arquitetônico; e, com esses dados, projeta um aplicativo de realidade aumentada para preservação dos prédios históricos da UFRGS. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa exploratória, a qual utiliza as seguintes técnicas: pesquisa bibliográfica para definir patrimônio histórico-arquitetônico, análise de similares (Benchmarking), e design dos elementos da experiência do usuário (GARRET).This paper presents the application of Augmented Reality technology as an alternative to the preservation of architectural heritage. It technology lets you add real-time visual information upper the image that is showed on the mobile phones display. Through this technique, when the camera of the phone is connected, it is possible to increase the reality of the image that is seen by the user, such as the inclusion of explanatory texts or even images to complement the missing parts of a building in ruins. From this perspective, our questions is: How can architectural heritage be preserved through augmented reality applications? In answering this question, we seek to investigate the use of augmented reality in the preservation of the architectural heritage in the city of Porto Alegre. To achieve this goal, the research maps applications of augmented reality applied to the conservation of the architectural heritage; empirically evaluates applications of augmented reality applied to the conservation of architectural heritage; and, with these data, projects an augmented reality application for the preservation of historical buildings of UFRGS. It is an exploratory qualitative research, which uses the following techniques: bibliographic research to define historical-architectural heritage, Benchmarking and user experience elements design (GARRET)