Multi-Stage Resource Allocation in Hybrid 25G-EPON and LTE-Advanced Pro FiWi Networks for 5G Systems

The 5G vision is not restricted solely to the wireless domain and its challenging requirements cannot be fulfilled with- out the efficient integration of cutting-edge technologies in all portions of the telecommunications infrastructure. The promoted architectures for next generation telecommunications systems involve high capacity network domains, which operate flexibly and seamlessly to offer full Quality of Experience to all types of subscribers. The proliferation of highly demanding multimedia services and the advanced features of modern communication devices necessitate the development of end-to-end schemes which can efficiently distribute large amount of network resources anywhere and whenever needed. The paper introduces a new resource allocation scheme for cutting-edge Fiber-Wireless networks is introduced that can be applied in the fronthaul portion of 5G-enabled architectures. The adopted technologies are the forthcoming 25G-EPON for the optical domain and the 5G-ready LTE-Advanced Pro for the wireless domain. The proposed scheme performs allocation decisions based on the outcome of an adjustable multi- stage optimization problem. The optimization factors are directly related to the major considerations in bandwidth distribution, namely priority-based traffic differentiation, power awareness, and fairness provision. The conducted evaluations prove that this approach is able to ensure high efficiency in network operations

Optimizing resource allocation in next-generation optical access networks

To meet rapidly increasing traffic demands caused by the popularization of Internet and the spouting of bandwidth-demanding applications, Passive Optical Networks (PONs) exploit the potential capacities of optical fibers, and are becoming promising future-proof access network technologies. On the other hand, for a broader coverage area and higher data rate, integrated optical and wireless access is becoming a future trend for wireless access. This thesis investigates three next-generation access networks: Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) PONs, Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) PONs, and WDM Radio-Over-Fiber (RoF) Picocellular networks. To address resource allocation problems in these three networks, this thesis first investigates respective characteristics of these networks, and then presents solutions to address respective challenging problems in these networks. In particular, three main problems are addressed: arbitrating time allocation among different applications to guarantee user quality of experience (QoE) in TDM PONs, scheduling wavelengths optimally in WDM PONs, and jointly allocating fiber and radio resources in WDM RoF Picocellular networks. In-depth theoretical analysis and extensive simulations have been performed in evaluating and demonstrating the performances of the proposed schemes

Dynamic bandwidth management with service differentiation over ethernet passive optical networks

Ethernet passive optical networks (EPONs) address the first mile of the communication infrastructure between the service provider central offices and the customer sites. As a low-cost, high speed technology, EPONs are deemed as the solution to the bottleneck problem of the broadband access network. A major feature of EPONs is the utility of a shared upstream channel among the end users. Only a single optical network unit (GNU) may transmit during a timeslot to avoid data collisions. In order to provide diverse quality of service (QoS), the bandwidth management of the upstream channel is essential for the successful implementation of EPONs, and thus, an efficient medium access control is required to facilitate statistical multiplexing among local traffics. This dissertation addresses the upstream bandwidth allocation over EPONs. An efficient mechanism, i.e., limited sharing with traffic prediction (LSTP), has been proposed to arbitrate the upstream bandwidth among ONUs. The MultiPoint Control Protocol (MPCP) messages, which are stipulated by the IEEE 802.3ah Ethernet in the First Mile (EFM) Task Force, are adopted by LSTP to facilitate the dynamic bandwidth negotiation between an GNU and the OLT. The bandwidth requirement of an ONU includes the already enqueued frames and the predicted incoming frames during the waiting time. The OLT arbitrates the bandwidth assignment based on the queue status report from an GNU, the traffic prediction, and the agreed service contract. With respect to the performance evaluation, theoretical analysis on the frame loss, the frame delay, and the queue length has been conducted. The quantitative results demonstrate that 1) the innovative LSTP mechanism dynamically allocates the upstream bandwidth among multiple ONUs; 2) the traffic predictor at the OLT delivers satisfactory prediction for the bursty self-similar traffic, and thereby, contributing to the reduction of frame loss, frame delay, and queue length; and 3) the bandwidth arbitration at the OLT effectively restricts the aggressive bandwidth competition among ONUs by adopting the service level agreement (SLA) parameter as the upper bound. Aside from analysis, the LSTP mechanism has been substantiated by experimental simulations. In order to differentiate the service provisioning among diverse users, LSTP is further enhanced with the support of dynamic bandwidth negotiation based on multiple queues. The incoming traffics are first classified into three classes, and then enqueued into the corresponding queues. A traffic predictor is dedicated to one class of traffic from an GNU. Service differentiation among classes are provided by the combination of queuing and scheduling at the GNU side. At the OLT side, the bandwidth allocation for each class of traffic is based on the reported queue status and the traffic prediction, and is upper-bounded by the SLA parameter. Experimental simulations have justified the feasibility of providing service differentiation over the broadband EPONs

CSMA/CA using pilot tone on PON

Jorden Yeong-Tswen, Tse.Thesis (M.Phil.)--Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2003.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 76-76).Abstracts in English and Chinese.ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS --- p.2ABSTRACT --- p.3摘要 --- p.4CONTENTS --- p.5Chapter CHAPTER 1: --- INTRODUCTION --- p.8Chapter 1.1. --- First Mile Evolution --- p.8Chapter 1.2. --- Access： Passive Optical Network (PON) --- p.10Chapter 1.2.1. --- ATM-PON (APON) --- p.13Chapter 1.2.2. --- Ethernet PON (EPON) --- p.14Chapter 1.3. --- Problem Definition and Possible Solutions --- p.16Chapter 1.3.1. --- Wavelength Division Multiplexing (WDM) --- p.17Chapter 1.3.2. --- Time Division Multiplexing (TDM) --- p.18Chapter 1.3.3. --- Sub-carrier Multiplexing (SCM) & Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM) --- p.20Chapter 1.3.4. --- Code Division Multi Access (CDMA) --- p.20Chapter 1.4. --- Thesis Organization --- p.20Chapter CHAPTER 2: --- BACKGROUND --- p.22Chapter 2.1. --- EPON Solution：- MPCP --- p.22Chapter 2.2. --- CSMA/CD on PON --- p.26Chapter 2.3. --- Motivation --- p.28Chapter CHAPTER 3: --- CSMA/CA PROTOCOL USING PILOT TONE ON PON --- p.29Chapter 3.1. --- Basic Protocol Description --- p.29Chapter 3.1.1. --- With No Contention --- p.31Chapter 3.1.2. --- With Contention --- p.32Chapter 3.1.3. --- With Contention and Winner --- p.33Chapter 3.2. --- Simulation --- p.35Chapter 3.2.1. --- Effect of Loading on Network Utilization --- p.37Chapter 3.2.2. --- Effect of Network Size on Utilization --- p.39Chapter 3.2.3. --- Delay Performance --- p.41Chapter 3.2.4. --- Effect of Distance from Remote Node --- p.44Chapter 3.2.5. --- Effect of Maximum Packet Duration on Utilization and Delay --- p.45Chapter 3.3. --- Conclusions --- p.47Chapter CHAPTER 4: --- PROTOCOL ENHANCEMENT ON VARIOUS ASPECTS --- p.48Chapter 4.1. --- Utilization Enhancement --- p.48Chapter 4.1.1. --- Improvement on Network Utilization --- p.50Chapter 4.1.2. --- Network Delay Performance --- p.52Chapter 4.1.3. --- Conclusions --- p.53Chapter 4.2. --- Capture Effect --- p.53Chapter 4.2.1. --- Solution by Varying Ts --- p.54Chapter 4.2.2. --- Simulations --- p.55Chapter 4.2.3. --- Conclusions --- p.58Chapter 4.3. --- Introducing Cos to existing network --- p.59Chapter 4.3.1. --- Principle --- p.59Chapter 4.3.2. --- Simulation Model --- p.60Chapter 4.3.3. --- Utilization Performance --- p.61Chapter 4.3.4. --- Delay Performance --- p.64Chapter 4.3.5. --- Conclusions --- p.68Chapter CHAPTER 5: --- CONCLUSIONS --- p.69Chapter 5.1. --- Thesis Summary --- p.69Chapter 5.2. --- Future Work --- p.71REFERENCES --- p.7

Ethernet - a survey on its fields of application

During the last decades, Ethernet progressively became the most widely used local area networking (LAN) technology. Apart from LAN installations, Ethernet became also attractive for many other fields of application, ranging from industry to avionics, telecommunication, and multimedia. The expanded application of this technology is mainly due to its significant assets like reduced cost, backward-compatibility, flexibility, and expandability. However, this new trend raises some problems concerning the services of the protocol and the requirements for each application. Therefore, specific adaptations prove essential to integrate this communication technology in each field of application. Our primary objective is to show how Ethernet has been enhanced to comply with the specific requirements of several application fields, particularly in transport, embedded and multimedia contexts. The paper first describes the common Ethernet LAN technology and highlights its main features. It reviews the most important specific Ethernet versions with respect to each application field’s requirements. Finally, we compare these different fields of application and we particularly focus on the fundamental concepts and the quality of service capabilities of each proposal