46,260 research outputs found
Geoscience after IT: Part L. Adjusting the emerging information system to new technology
Coherent development depends on following widely used standards that respect our vast legacy of existing entries in the geoscience record. Middleware ensures that we see a coherent view from our desktops of diverse sources of information. Developments specific to managing the written word, map content, and structured data come together in shared metadata linking topics and information types
Consciousness as Recursive, Spatiotemporal Self-Location
At the phenomenal level, consciousness arises in a consistently coherent fashion as a singular, unified field of recursive self-awareness (subjectivity) with explicitly orientational characteristics—that of a subject located both spatially and temporally in an egocentrically-extended domain. Understanding these twin elements of consciousness begins with the recognition that ultimately (and most primitively), cognitive systems serve the biological self-regulatory regime in which they subsist. The psychological structures supporting self-located subjectivity involve an evolutionary elaboration of the two basic elements necessary for extending self-regulation into behavioral interaction with the environment: an orientative reference frame which consistently structures ongoing interaction in terms of controllable spatiotemporal parameters, and processing architecture that relates behavior to homeostatic needs via feedback. Over time, constant evolutionary pressures for energy efficiency have encouraged the emergence of anticipative feedforward processing mechanisms, and the elaboration, at the apex of the sensorimotor processing hierarchy, of self-activating, highly attenuated recursively-feedforward circuitry processing the basic orientational schema independent of external action output. As the primary reference frame of active waking cognition, this recursive self-locational schema processing generates a zone of subjective self-awareness in terms of which it feels like something to be oneself here and now. This is consciousness-as-subjectivity
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Capturing and representing deliberation in participatory planning practices
In this paper we argue for the importance of capturing and representing deliberation in participatory planning practices. We discuss the concept of deliberation in planning theory, and argue for a paradigm that puts deliberation at the centre of public participation to planning decision. We argue that in order to enable effective participation, the normally ephemeral delib- eration process needs to be captured and represented so that the information and knowledge gathered during deliberation is visible for all, can be effectively traced, reused, and can actively influence planning decisions. To scaffold this we describe the integration of three technologies to create a collective project memory structured against five dimensions of participatory plan- ning processes: dialogical, social, spatial, temporal and causal. Based on several authentic par- ticipatory planning cases, we report that this supported deliberation across planning tasks, communication modes, time and environments. The coupled use of online and offline group- ware technologies created a more expressive and transparent participatory knowledge base than is possible with conventional media, and enhanced participatory planning by: supporting the effective capture and representation of deliberation processes and products; providing a rich picture of the social setting in which planning decision develops and supporting reflection in and on planning actions
The 1990 progress report and future plans
This document describes the progress and plans of the Artificial Intelligence Research Branch (RIA) at ARC in 1990. Activities span a range from basic scientific research to engineering development and to fielded NASA applications, particularly those applications that are enabled by basic research carried out at RIA. Work is conducted in-house and through collaborative partners in academia and industry. Our major focus is on a limited number of research themes with a dual commitment to technical excellence and proven applicability to NASA short, medium, and long-term problems. RIA acts as the Agency's lead organization for research aspects of artificial intelligence, working closely with a second research laboratory at JPL and AI applications groups at all NASA centers
A semantic web approach for built heritage representation
In a built heritage process, meant as a structured system of activities
aimed at the investigation, preservation, and management of architectural
heritage, any task accomplished by the several actors involved in it is deeply
influenced by the way the knowledge is represented and shared. In the current
heritage practice, knowledge representation and management have shown several
limitations due to the difficulty of dealing with large amount of extremely heterogeneous
data. On this basis, this research aims at extending semantic web
approaches and technologies to architectural heritage knowledge management in
order to provide an integrated and multidisciplinary representation of the artifact
and of the knowledge necessary to support any decision or any intervention and
management activity. To this purpose, an ontology-based system, representing
the knowledge related to the artifact and its contexts, has been developed through
the formalization of domain-specific entities and relationships between them
Historical collaborative geocoding
The latest developments in digital have provided large data sets that can
increasingly easily be accessed and used. These data sets often contain
indirect localisation information, such as historical addresses. Historical
geocoding is the process of transforming the indirect localisation information
to direct localisation that can be placed on a map, which enables spatial
analysis and cross-referencing. Many efficient geocoders exist for current
addresses, but they do not deal with the temporal aspect and are based on a
strict hierarchy (..., city, street, house number) that is hard or impossible
to use with historical data. Indeed historical data are full of uncertainties
(temporal aspect, semantic aspect, spatial precision, confidence in historical
source, ...) that can not be resolved, as there is no way to go back in time to
check. We propose an open source, open data, extensible solution for geocoding
that is based on the building of gazetteers composed of geohistorical objects
extracted from historical topographical maps. Once the gazetteers are
available, geocoding an historical address is a matter of finding the
geohistorical object in the gazetteers that is the best match to the historical
address. The matching criteriae are customisable and include several dimensions
(fuzzy semantic, fuzzy temporal, scale, spatial precision ...). As the goal is
to facilitate historical work, we also propose web-based user interfaces that
help geocode (one address or batch mode) and display over current or historical
topographical maps, so that they can be checked and collaboratively edited. The
system is tested on Paris city for the 19-20th centuries, shows high returns
rate and is fast enough to be used interactively.Comment: WORKING PAPE
Enterprise model verification and validation : an approach
This article presents a verification and validation approach which is used here in order to complete the classical tool box the industrial user may utilize in enterprise modeling and integration domain. This approach, which has been defined independently from any application domain is based on several formal concepts and tools presented in this paper. These concepts are property concepts, property reference matrix, properties graphs, enterprise modeling domain ontology, conceptual graphs and formal reasoning mechanisms
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