Stochastic Geometry Analysis and Design of Wireless Powered MTC Networks

Machine-type-communications (MTC) are being crucial in the development of next generation mobile networks. Given that MTC devices are usually battery constrained, wireless power transfer (WPT) and energy harvesting (EH) have emerged as feasible options to enlarge the lifetime of the devices, leading to wireless powered networks. In that sense, we consider a setup where groups of sensors are served by a base station (BS), which is responsible for the WPT. Additionally, EH is used to collect energy from the wireless signals transmitted by other sensors. To characterize the energy obtained from both procedures, we model the sporadic activity of sensors as Bernoulli random variables and their positions with repulsive Mat\'ern cluster processes. This way, the random activity and spatial distribution of sensors are introduced in the analysis of the energy statistics. This analysis can be useful for system design aspects such as energy allocation schemes or optimization of idle-active periods, among others. As an example of use of the developed analysis, we include the design of a WPT scheme under a proportional fair policy.Comment: This work has been accepted at the 2020 21st IEEE International Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications (SPAWC 2020). Copyright held by IEE

A Review of Low Power Wide Area Technology in Licensed and Unlicensed Spectrum for IoT Use Cases

There are many platforms in licensed and license free spectrum that support LPWA (low power wide area) technology in the current markets. However, lack of standardization of the different platforms can be a challenge for an interoperable IoT environment. Therefore understanding the features of each technology platform is essential to be able to differentiate how the technology can be matched to a specific IoT application profile. This paper provides an analysis of LPWA underlying technology in licensed and unlicensed spectrum by means of literature review and comparative assessment of Sigfox, LoRa, NB-IoT and LTE-M. We review their technical aspect and discussed the pros and cons in terms of their technical and other deployment features. General IoT application requirements is also presented and linked to the deployment factors to give an insight of how different applications profiles is associated to the right technology platform, thus provide a simple guideline on how to match a specific application profile with the best fit connectivity features

IEEE 802.11ah Network Planning for IoT Smart Meter Application: Case Study in Bandung Area

The growth of Wireless Fidelity (WiFi) technology is so rapid and popular. The technology most widely used for WiFi services is the IEEE 802.11 family of standards. To support the Internet of Things (IoT) era, 802.11ah standard technology has developed, and the standard is intended to provide a low-cost mode of operation, with a wider coverage area, and can support thousands of devices per cell. This paper discusses IEEE 802.11ah Standard Network Planning for the Internet of Things Application (Case Study: Smart Meter Using WiFi.id Network in Bandung), to improve network quality in terms of coverage and capacity to improve the efficiency of the WiFi network and so that it can supports the Internet of Things (IoT) service. Network planning using 802.11ah for the internet of things application with a smart meter case study using the WiFi.id network has been successfully carried out. To cover the entire area of Bandung, 23 sites are required. In the capacity, the Tx slots needed to cover possible smart meters for each site are only 9 tx slots out of a total of 100 tx slots.

Approximations of the aggregated interference statistics for outage analysis in massive MTC

This paper presents several analytic closed-form approximations of the aggregated interference statistics within the framework of uplink massive machine-type-communications (mMTC), taking into account the random activity of the sensors. Given its discrete nature and the large number of devices involved, a continuous approximation based on the Gram–Charlier series expansion of a truncated Gaussian kernel is proposed. We use this approximation to derive an analytic closed-form expression for the outage probability, corresponding to the event of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio being below a detection threshold. This metric is useful since it can be used for evaluating the performance of mMTC systems. We analyze, as an illustrative application of the previous approximation, a scenario with several multi-antenna collector nodes, each equipped with a set of predefined spatial beams. We consider two setups, namely single- and multiple-resource, in reference to the number of resources that are allocated to each beam. A graph-based approach that minimizes the average outage probability, and that is based on the statistics approximation, is used as allocation strategy. Finally, we describe an access protocol where the resource identifiers are broadcast (distributed) through the beams. Numerical simulations prove the accuracy of the approximations and the benefits of the allocation strategy.Peer ReviewedPostprint (published version

A Survey Study of the Current Challenges and Opportunities of Deploying the ECG Biometric Authentication Method in IoT and 5G Environments

The environment prototype of the Internet of Things (IoT) has opened the horizon for researchers to utilize such environments in deploying useful new techniques and methods in different fields and areas. The deployment process takes place when numerous IoT devices are utilized in the implementation phase for new techniques and methods. With the wide use of IoT devices in our daily lives in many fields, personal identification is becoming increasingly important for our society. This survey aims to demonstrate various aspects related to the implementation of biometric authentication in healthcare monitoring systems based on acquiring vital ECG signals via designated wearable devices that are compatible with 5G technology. The nature of ECG signals and current ongoing research related to ECG authentication are investigated in this survey along with the factors that may affect the signal acquisition process. In addition, the survey addresses the psycho-physiological factors that pose a challenge to the usage of ECG signals as a biometric trait in biometric authentication systems along with other challenges that must be addressed and resolved in any future related research.

LoRaWAN networks. review of Functional Components in IoT applications

El presente artículo es producto de la investigación “Redes LoRaWAN. Revisión de componentes funcionales en aplicaciones IoT.”, realizado durante el periodo 2018-2019 en la Universidad Distrital Francisco José de Caldas, aplicando la metodología de revisión sistemática de literatura (SLR).This article is the research product of "Redes LoRaWAN. Review of functional components in IoT applications. ", Carried out during the period 2018-2019 in the Francisco José de Caldas District University, applying the methodology of systematic review of literature (SLR).Universidad Cooperativa de Colombi

A COMPREHENSIVE REVIEW OF INTERNET OF THINGS WAVEFORMS FOR A DOD LOW EARTH ORBIT CUBESAT MESH NETWORK

The Department of Defense (DOD) requires the military to provide command and control during missions in locations where terrestrial communications infrastructure is unreliable or unavailable, which results in a high reliance on satellite communications (SATCOM). This is problematic because they use and consume more digital data in the operational environment. The DOD has several forms of data capable of meeting Internet of Things (IoT) transmission parameters that could be diversified onto an IoT network. This research assesses the potential for an IoT satellite constellation in Low Earth Orbit to provide an alternative, space-based communication platform to military units while offering increased overall SATCOM capacity and resiliency. This research explores alternative IoT waveforms and compatible transceivers in place of LoRaWAN for the NPS CENETIX Ortbial-1 CubeSat. The study uses a descriptive comparative research approach to simultaneously assess several variables. Five alternative waveforms—Sigfox, NB-IoT, LTE-M, Wi-sun, and Ingenu—are evaluated. NB-IoT, LTE-M, and Ingenu meet the threshold to be feasible alternatives to replace the LoRaWAN waveform in the Orbital-1 CubeSat. Six potential IoT transceivers are assessed as replacements. Two transceivers for the NB-IoT and LTE-M IoT waveforms and one transceiver from U-blox for the Ingenu waveform are assessed as compliant.Lieutenant, United States NavyApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited