A survey of digital television broadcast transmission techniques

This paper is a survey of the transmission techniques used in digital television (TV) standards worldwide. With the increase in the demand for High-Definition (HD) TV, video-on-demand and mobile TV services, there was a real need for more bandwidth-efficient, flawless and crisp video quality, which motivated the migration from analogue to digital broadcasting. In this paper we present a brief history of the development of TV and then we survey the transmission technology used in different digital terrestrial, satellite, cable and mobile TV standards in different parts of the world. First, we present the Digital Video Broadcasting standards developed in Europe for terrestrial (DVB-T/T2), for satellite (DVB-S/S2), for cable (DVB-C) and for hand-held transmission (DVB-H). We then describe the Advanced Television System Committee standards developed in the USA both for terrestrial (ATSC) and for hand-held transmission (ATSC-M/H). We continue by describing the Integrated Services Digital Broadcasting standards developed in Japan for Terrestrial (ISDB-T) and Satellite (ISDB-S) transmission and then present the International System for Digital Television (ISDTV), which was developed in Brazil by adopteding the ISDB-T physical layer architecture. Following the ISDTV, we describe the Digital Terrestrial television Multimedia Broadcast (DTMB) standard developed in China. Finally, as a design example, we highlight the physical layer implementation of the DVB-T2 standar

Study of effective calculation operation implementation remaining multi-bit numbers division on FPGA

The rapid enhanced in the fields of the computers that leads to rapid breaking for ciphering algorithms and for these reasons most of ciphering algorithm tried to used multidigit for ciphering texts or images. Using the multidigit will increase the safety of information and protected it from supercomputer from breaking the ciphering algorithms. The current information systems employ operations on finite fields of various structures (for example, cryptographic systems). In this instance, it's common to have to deal with enormous numbers (128 bits or more). The proposed operation of discovering the remainder of the division of multidigit numbers will considerably improve the speed of such systems if implemented

Análisis Técnico del Sistema de Transmisión de Televisión Digital Terrestre en Guayaquil

El presente artículo tiene como propósito realizar una investigación de la calidad de transmisión de la televisión digital terrestre en diferentes estaciones televisoras, para lo cual se seleccionaron seis canales que operan con señal digital en la ciudad de Guayaquil. La metodología utilizada para la investigación fue correlacional, para el análisis de los parámetros técnicos se consideran las normas técnicas brasileñas y el último proyecto de norma técnica del Ecuador del 2015; se realizaron visitas técnicas a las estaciones transmisoras y mediciones en nueve sectores de Guayaquil. Se obtuvo como resultado que varios canales de televisión aún con tener una menor potencia de transmisión, tienen altos los valores de la tasa de error de modulación [MER] y la tasa de errores de bits [BER]

CNR and BER Ranges for the DVB-T2 Reception-Success

DVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial Second Generation) reception requires a sufficient quality of the received signal. CNR (carrier-to-noise ratio) and BER (bit-error-rate) are two of quantities describing the quality. This paper presents the range of each quantity providing a successful reception based on real data obtained by field-measurements. This data was collected from MO (mobile-outdoor) and SI (stationary-indoor) receiving-systems capturing signal sent by some on-air trial transmitters broadcasting services focused on the fixed-receivers. The result indicated that the successful and failed receptions were split into two quite separated (concentrated) ranges of post-decoded BER and therefore a boundary distinguishing them could be prominently defined. In contrast, they were spread in a wide common range of CNR and pre-decoded BER. Furthermore, the boundary that corresponded to this last quantity was ambiguous. In the case of MO reception as numerical examples, the two split ranges of post-decoded BER were less than about 10-5 and more than about 2.7 × 10-4 for the successful and failed receptions, respectively, whereas CNR as high as about 14 dB could be viewed as a soft boundary distinguishing these both reception-success conditions

Adaptive power link adaptation on DVB-T system based on picture quality feedback

In digital television systems such as DVB-T, service provider has difficulties to observe the quality of picture reception in the viewers’ television. This is due to the unavailability of quality feedback sent from viewers’ devices to the service provider. Therefore, this research proposes link adaptation method in DVB-T system based on image quality measurement at recipient side, so that service provider may adjust the transmission power in real-time to improve the image quality. Quality metric used in this research is human perception- based no-reference image quality metric, which does not need the presence of the reference frame. The quality assessment is focused on the severeness of blocking artifact, which is the dominant artifacts in MPEG video. The numerical results have shown that power adaptation could maintain good picture quality as well as transmission power efficiency at the same time on the digital television transmission system. The proposed scheme is also suitable for other DVB system as well as various digital television system standards

Picture-Based Multiple-AntennaTechnique for the DVB-T2 Receiver

Deep-fading can decline the quality of the received signal to below threshold, and interrupts the reception-success (generating an outage or time-out). In DVB-T2 (Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial Second Generation) receiver, such interruption can be identified from the displayed-picture. Multiple-antenna is one of techniques to mitigate such problem. This paper presents a multiple-antenna method for receiving the DVB-T2 signal. At any time, one of antennas is selected where the selection action is controlled by the recovered-picture. In case of using two antennas, field-measurement was conducted to collect the real data, later used in the simulation of the proposed algorithm. The result showed its capability to increase the portion of cumulative reception-success duration up to approximately 1.53 times with respect to its equivalent single-antenna

Fragmentation and Audience Activity on Video-on-Demand Platform: Netflix and the ‘Binge-watching’

One of digital transformation of television systems is an interactive service called video-on-demand (VOD). VOD provides full control to its users, by allowing viewers to enjoy, choose, store, and even download the desired audio-visual content anytime and through any electronic communication device. The presence of Netflix and other VOD service providers is transforming people's behavior patterns in watching television. People are beginning to switch to watching audiovisual content and episodes the same televisions or programs known as binge-watching through online streaming. This study focused on the concept of audiences’ activities based on Levy and Windahl’s typology model. The study also explored the motivation that was a part of uses and gratification theory. This new audience habit and motivation were explored by qualitative approach. The interview was conducted to the Netflix subscribers in Jakarta to discover the behavior activities and motivation of binge-watching. The thematic analysis was applied to analyze the process of fragmentation and audience activity that occurs in a very active new media society

Estándares actuales de televisión digital: Una breve reseña

El incremento de la demanda de servicios interactivos de televisión, incluyendo programación de alta definición motivó la migración de transmisión SD analógica a digital. La transmisión digital de televisión ha sido un área de continua investigación e innovación, lo que se evidencia en el desarrollo tecnológico plural y la creación de nuevos estándares en años recientes. Este artículo brinda una breve reseña de los diferentes estándares para televisión digital usados alrededor del mundo, incluyendo sus características más importantes, los lugares donde han sido implementados, y los parámetros más destacados de cada estándar de televisión digital