Feasibility Study of Metheologic SW in Environment of Cloud Computing II

Cieľom tejto práce je analyzovať možnosti implementácie softvéru legálnej metrológie v prostredí Cloud Computing. Príručka WELMEC Guide 7.2 definujue štruktúru a parametre metrologického softvéru v kategóriách dlhodobého ukladania dát, komunikácie, sťahovania softvéru a softvérovej separácie. Výstupom práce bude prípadová štúdia a metodológia použitá na  implementáciu metrologického softvéru v prostredí Cloud Computing podľa požiadavok, ktoré sú spísané v príručke WELMEC Guide 7.2. Na túto prácu bude použitá Cloud Computing platforma Microsoft Azure.The aim of the thesis is to analyze possibilities of implementation of legal metrological software in Cloud Computing environment. The WELMEC Guide 7.2 defines the structure and parameters of metrological software in  the categories long-term storage, communication, download software, and software separation. The output will be a feasibility study and the methodology used for the implementation of the metrological software according to WELMEC Guide 7.2 requirements in Cloud Computing. The Cloud Computing platform used for purposes of this thesis is Microsoft Azure

A Distributed Audit Trail for the Internet of Things

Sharing Internet of Things (IoT) data over open-data platforms and digital data marketplaces can reduce infrastructure investments, improve sustainability by reducing the required resources, and foster innovation. However, due to the inability to audit the authenticity, integrity, and quality of IoT data, third-party data consumers cannot assess the trustworthiness of received data. Therefore, it is challenging to use IoT data obtained from third parties for quality-relevant applications. To overcome this limitation, the IoT data must be auditable. Distributed Ledger Technology (DLT) is a promising approach for building auditable systems. However, the existing solutions do not integrate authenticity, integrity, data quality, and location into an all-encompassing auditable model and only focus on specific parts of auditability. This thesis aims to provide a distributed audit trail that makes the IoT auditable and enables sharing of IoT data between multiple organizations for quality relevant applications. Therefore, we designed and evaluated the Veritaa framework. The Veritaa framework comprises the Graph of Trust (GoT) as distributed audit trail and a DLT to immutably store the transactions that build the GoT. The contributions of this thesis are summarized as follows. First, we designed and evaluated the GoT a DLT-based Distributed Public Key Infrastructure (DPKI) with a signature store. Second, we designed a Distributed Calibration Certificate Infrastructure (DCCI) based on the GoT, which makes quality-relevant maintenance information of IoT devices auditable. Third, we designed an Auditable Positioning System (APS) to make positions in the IoT auditable. Finally, we designed an Location Verification System (LVS) to verify location claims and prevent physical layer attacks against the APS. All these components are integrated into the GoT and build the distributed audit trail. We implemented a real-world testbed to evaluate the proposed distributed audit trail. This testbed comprises several custom-built IoT devices connectable over Long Range Wide Area Network (LoRaWAN) or Long-Term Evolution Category M1 (LTE Cat M1), and a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE)-based Angle of Arrival (AoA) positioning system. All these low-power devices can manage their identity and secure their data on the distributed audit trail using the IoT client of the Veritaa framework. The experiments suggest that a distributed audit trail is feasible and secure, and the low-power IoT devices are capable of performing the required cryptographic functions. Furthermore, the energy overhead introduced by making the IoT auditable is limited and reasonable for quality-relevant applications

Web and knowledge-based decision support system for measurement uncertainty evaluation

This thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel UniversityIn metrology, measurement uncertainty is understood as a range in which the true value of the measurement is likely to fall in. The recent years have seen a rapid development in evaluation of measurement uncertainty. ISO Guide to the Expression of Uncertainty in Measurement (GUM 1995) is the primary guiding document for measurement uncertainty. More recently, the Supplement 1 to the "Guide to the expression of uncertainty in measurement" – Propagation of distributions using a Monte Carlo method (GUM SP1) was published in November 2008. A number of software tools for measurement uncertainty have been developed and made available based on these two documents. The current software tools are mainly desktop applications utilising numeric computation with limited mathematical model handling capacity. A novel and generic web-based application, web-based Knowledge-Based Decision Support System (KB-DSS), has been proposed and developed in this research for measurement uncertainty evaluation. A Model-View-Controller architecture pattern is used for the proposed system. Under this general architecture, a web-based KB-DSS is developed based on an integration of the Expert System and Decision Support System approach. In the proposed uncertainty evaluation system, three knowledge bases as sub-systems are developed to implement the evaluation for measurement uncertainty. The first sub-system, the Measurement Modelling Knowledge Base (MMKB), assists the user in establishing the appropriate mathematical model for the measurand, a critical process for uncertainty evaluation. The second sub-system, GUM Framework Knowledge Base, carries out the uncertainty evaluation process based on the GUM Uncertainty Framework using symbolic computation, whilst the third sub-system, GUM SP1 MCM Framework Knowledge Base, conducts the uncertainty calculation according to the GUM SP1 Framework numerically based on Monte Carlo Method. The design and implementation of the proposed system and sub-systems are discussed in the thesis, supported by elaboration of the implementation steps and examples. Discussions and justifications on the technologies and approaches used for the sub-systems and their components are also presented. These include Drools, Oracle database, Java, JSP, Java Transfer Object, AJAX and Matlab. The proposed web-based KB-DSS has been evaluated through case studies and the performance of the system has been validated by the example results. As an established methodology and practical tool, the research will make valuable contributions to the field of measurement uncertainty evaluation.Brunel Universit

Design of an information system for metrology contents

Dimensional and form inspections are key to the manufacturing and assembly of products. Product verification can involve a number of different measuring instruments operated using their dedicated software. Typically, each of these instruments with their associated software is more suitable for the verification of a pre-specified quality characteristic of the product than others. The number of different systems and software applications to perform a complete measurement of products and assemblies within a manufacturing organisation is therefore expected to be large. This number becomes even larger as advances in measurement technologies are made. The idea of a universal software application for any instrument still appears to be only a theoretical possibility. A need for information integration is apparent. In this paper, a design of an information system to consistently manage (store, search, retrieve, search, secure) measurement results from various instruments and software applications is introduced. Two of the main ideas underlying the proposed system include abstracting structures and formats of measurement files from the data so that complexity and compatibility between different approaches to measurement data modelling is avoided. Secondly, the information within a file is enriched with meta-information to facilitate its consistent storage and retrieval. To demonstrate the designed information system, a web application is implemented

Making Quantum Technology Ready for Industry

The Quantum Technologies Flagship, officially launched on 29 October 2018 in Vienna, is a EUR 1 billion initiative, supported by the European Commission and Member States, funding over 5,000 of Europe's leading Quantum Technologies researchers over the next ten years and aiming at placing Europe at the forefront of the second quantum revolution. Its long-term vision is to develop a quantum web, where quantum computers, simulators and sensors are interconnected via quantum communication networks. This will help kick-starting a competitive European quantum industry transforming research results into commercial applications and disruptive technologies. The Joint Research Center (JRC) in cooperation with the European Committee for Standardization (CEN) and the European Committee for Electrotechnical Standardization (CENELEC), European Commission’s Directorate General Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG CNECT), and the German Institute of Standardisation (DIN), organised in Brussels on 28-29 March 2019 the Putting-Science-Into-Standards (PSIS) workshop on Quantum Technologies. The PSIS workshops is an initiative that brings together researchers, industry and standardisers with the purpose of facilitating the identification and screening of emerging science and technology areas that can be introduced early into the process of standardisation to enable innovation. The experience with the innovation impact pathway of the Graphene Flagship that combined technology push and market pull by working with industry stakeholders was used to demonstrate the benefit of a strategic use of standardisation to increase technology readiness levels and reach the market. The participants of the workshop identified aspects that would benefit from standardisation activities in three main areas: (i) Quantum Key Distribution and quantum-safe security, (ii) Quantum metrology, sensing and imaging, (iii) and Quantum computing and internet. Several existing standardisation activities focussing on quantum enabled security techniques, quantum computing and communication were also mapped. With the direct involvement of the participants, the workshop prepared the ground towards a roadmap of additional pressing technology fields where standardisation could add value to the deployment of Quantum Technologies in industrial applications, including security, sensing, imaging and measurement. An active dialogue between the communities of researchers and standardisers as well as a continuous interchange with the Quantum Technologies Flagship would be beneficial for future interactions and cooperation. The Standards, Innovation and Research Platform (STAIR / CEN and CENELEC) methodology could constitute a straightforward approach to host interactions between the communities of researchers and standardisers. Next steps would be to start an interaction (e.g. a cooperation agreement) with the Quantum Flagship and in particular with the recently (April 2019) launched Coordination and Support Action of the Quantum Flagship. As concrete actions for standardisation, the workshop suggested to focus on the standardisation of a quantum technology terminology and on the development of an EU standardisation roadmap for Quantum Technologies. These could be addressed by a European Committee for Standardization workshop or by a focus group.JRC.A.5-Scientific Developmen

Markets, standards and transactions: measurements in nineteenth-century British economy

This thesis is concerned with measurements used in economic activity and investigates how historical markets managed transactional problems due to unreliable measurements. Existing literature has generally associated the problems of measurements in historical markets with the lack of uniformity in weights and measures. This thesis shows that metrological standardization was not sufficient to ensure reliability of measurements. Markets developed mensuration practices that enabled markets to address specific transactional issues in micro-contexts. This involved, in addition to the use of standardized metrology, improved governance of transactions, third party monitoring and guaranteeing, and other institutional solutions. Historical institutional arrangements were altered or replaced as a result of changing or standardizing mensuration practices. The thesis also makes a conceptual contribution in terms of understanding the process of standardization. It shows how, while standards can be inflexible and rationalized (i.e. limited in number), standardized practices can incorporate a number of such standards and be flexible in terms which standard to be used in a given context. Analytically, standardized practices are institutional objects that are determined endogenously and are formed in 'packages' that create interlinks between standards, other artefacts, rules and people. These arguments are developed by studying three detailed cases of mensuration practices in the British economy during the nineteenth-century. The case of the London Coal Trade examines how altered mensuration practices gave buyers greater assurance that the amount of coal they received was actually the amount they purchased. The case of the wire industry illustrates the struggles to define a uniform set of wire sizes that could overcome the disputes arising from incompatible and multiple ways of measuring wire sizes. The case of the wheat markets illustrates the complexity involved in developing standards of measurements such that quality could be reliably measured ex-ante. Through these case studies, the thesis shows how markets developed different mensuration practices to manage measurements in a given context

Science for Standards: a driver for innovation - JRC Thematic Report

This report aims to give a comprehensive overview of the work of the Commission's in-house science service, the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in relation to global standardisation challenges. The description of the JRC's work on standards is divided into six chapters. For each chapter, the detailed policy context is cited, showing clearly how and where the JRC is providing its scientific and technical support to standardisation-related policies.JRC.A.6-Communicatio

D8.6 OPTIMAI commercialization and exploitation strategy

Deliverable D8.6 OPTIMAI commercialization and exploitation strategy 1 st version is the first version of the OPTIMAI Exploitation Plan. Exploitation aims at ensuring that OPTIMAI becomes sustainable well after the conclusion of the research project period so as to create impact. OPTIMAI intends to develop an industry environment that will optimize production, reducing production line scrap and production time, as well as improving the quality of the products through the use of a variety of technological solutions, such as Smart Instrumentation of sensors network at the shop floor, Metrology, Artificial Intelligence (AI), Digital Twins, Blockchain, and Decision Support via Augmented Reality (AR) interfaces. The innovative aspects: Decision Support Framework for Timely Notifications, Secure and adaptive multi-sensorial network and fog computing framework, Blockchain-enabled ecosystem for securing data exchange, Intelligent Marketplace for AI sharing and scrap re-use, Digital Twin for Simulation and Forecasting, Embedded Cybersecurity for IoT services, On-the-fly reconfiguration of production equipment allows businesses to reconsider quality management to eliminate faults, increase productivity, and reduce scrap. The OPTIMAI exploitation strategy has been drafted and it consists of three phases: Initial Phase, Mid Phase and Final Phase where different activities are carried out. The aim of the Initial phase (M1 to M12), reported in this deliverable, is to have an initial results' definition for OPTIMAI and the setup of the structures to be used during the project lifecycle. In this phase, also each partner's Individual Exploitation commitments and intentions are drafted, and a first analysis of the joint exploitation strategies is being presented. The next steps, leveraging on the outcomes of the preliminary market analysis, will be to update the Key Exploitable Results with a focus on their market value and business potential and to consolidate the IPR Assessment and set up a concrete Exploitation Plan. The result of the next period of activities will be reported in D8.7 OPTIMAI commercialization and exploitation strategy - 2nd version due at month 18 (June 2022