238 research outputs found
The use of Sensor Networks to create smart environments
Internet of Things is taking the world in order to be the next big thing since
the Internet, with almost every object being connected to gather data and allow
control through mobile and web devices. But this revolution has some barriers
with the lack of standardization in communications or sensors.
In this dissertation we present a proposal of a system dedicated to creating
smart environments using sensor networks, with a practical application developed
to achieve automation, efficiency and versatility, allowing real-time monitoring
and remote control of any object or environment improving user experience, tasks
efficiency and leading to costs reduction. The developed system, that includes
software and hardware, is based on adaptive and Artificial Intelligence algorithms
and low cost IoT devices, taking advantage of the best communication protocols,
allowing the developed system to be suited and easily adapted to any specification
by any person.
We evaluate the best communication and devices for the desired implementa
tion and demonstrate how to create all the network nodes, including the build of
a custom IoT Gateway and Sensor Node. We also demonstrate the efficiency of
the developed system in real case scenarios.
The main contributions of our study are the design and implementation of
a novel architecture for adaptive IoT projects focus on environment efficiency,
with practical demonstration, as well as comparison study for the best suited
communication protocols for low cost IoT devices.A Internet of Things está a atingir o mundo de modo a tornar-se a próxima
grande revolução depois da Internet, com quase todos os objectos a estarem ligados
para recolher dados e permitir o controlo através de dispositivos móveis. Mas esta
revolução depara-se com vários desafios devido à falta de standards no que toca a
comunicações ou sensores.
Nesta dissertação apresentamos uma proposta para um sistema dedicado a
criar ambientes inteligentes usando redes de sensores, com uma aplicação prática
desenvolvida para oferecer automação, eficiência e versatilidade, permitindo uma
monitorização e controlo remoto seguro em tempo real de qualquer objecto ou
ambiente, melhorando assim a experiência do utilizador e a eficiência das tarefas
evando a redução de custos. O sistema desenvolvido, que inclui software e hard
ware, usa algoritmos adaptáveis com Inteligência Artificial e dispositivos IoT de
baixo custo, utilizando os melhores protocolos de comunicação, permitindo que
o mesmo seja apropriado e facilmente adaptado para qualquer especificação por
qualquer pessoa.
Avaliamos os melhores métodos de comunicação e dispositivos necessários para
a implementação e demonstramos como criar todos os nós da rede, incluindo a
construção de IoT Gateway e Sensor Node personalizados. Demonstramos também
a eficácia do sistema desenvolvido através da aplicação do mesmo em casos reais.
As principais contribuições do nosso estudo passam pelo desenho e implemen
tação de uma nova arquitectura para projectos adaptáveis de IoT com foco na
eficiência do objecto, incluindo a demonstração pratica, tal como um estudo com
parativo sobre os melhores protocolos de comunicação para dispositivos IoT de
baixo custo
Design and implementation of an IoT gateway to create smart environments
The paper presents a proposal of a practical implementation for an IoT gateway dedicated to real-time monitoring and remote control of a swimming pool. Based on a Raspberry Pi, the gateway allows bidirectional communication and data exchange between the user and the sensor network implemented on the environment using an Arduino.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Battery-free Wireless Sensor Network For Advanced Fossil-Fuel Based Power Generation
This report summarizes technical progress achieved during the project supported by the Department of Energy under Award Number DE-FG26-07NT4306. The aim of the project was to conduct basic research into battery-free wireless sensing mechanism in order to develop novel wireless sensors and sensor network for physical and chemical parameter monitoring in a harsh environment. Passive wireless sensing platform and five wireless sensors including temperature sensor, pressure sensor, humidity sensor, crack sensor and networked sensors developed and demonstrated in our laboratory setup have achieved the objective for the monitoring of various physical and chemical parameters in a harsh environment through remote power and wireless sensor communication, which is critical to intelligent control of advanced power generation system. This report is organized by the sensors developed as detailed in each progress report
The MAGCLOUD wireless sensor network
Initially, the aim of this project consisted in manufacturing some nodes for a wireless sensor network by hand. If this document concludes that they can be properly produced in the EETAC lab, the cost of a future large deployment using raw components would be much lower than in the case of acquiring the
genuine factory assembled hardware. Also, the future students involved in the process could learn many useful advanced techniques along the way.
The project ended sowing a future WSN concept, so powerful that even could end competing on the market. We designed an almost unlimited scalable platform in terms of range, number of nodes, connectivity and measuring capabilities that is 100% free, open and environment sustainable. We called
this unique wireless magnitude acquisition cloud: THE MAGCLOUD. The whole system cannot be fully finished within the time and budget restrictions of a single PFC but slicing it into diverse future upgrades is a completely realistic approach.
In this document, sticking to the original idea, we explain how to produce the
functional hardware and software skeleton but also guide the reader on the future upgrades required to complete the MAGCLOUD system.
During the realization of the project we found countless problems that luckily end up solved. Those are carefully treated so can be avoided in the future
Environmental monitoring platform based on a heterogeneous wireless sensor network
Abstract – In museums, to conserve the existing artwork is a
vital issue. To achieve this purpose, it is fundamental to monitor
its environment, either in storage or exhibition rooms. The
deployment of a Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can help to
implement these measurements continuously, in a real-time basis,
and in a much easier and cheaper way than when using
traditional measuring equipments and procedures. This is the
main objective of the WISE-MUSE project, which uses WSNs for
monitoring and automatically controlling museums’ environment
and structural health. In this paper, the implementation and the
final results of the WISE-MUSE project, which was carried out
in two particular museums located in Madeira Island, the
Museum of Contemporary Art of Funchal and the Madeira
Whale Museum, are described. Among other important
contributions, we emphasize the development of new
environmental monitoring and controlling devices, an emergency
doors’ controlling device, as well as the development of three new
tools for monitoring, visualizing and managing WSNs, which
bring some considerable advantages when compared with other
commercially available solutions.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio
Monitoring of Water Content in Building Materials Using a Wireless Passive Sensor
This paper describes an innovative design of a wireless, passive LC sensor and its application for monitoring of water content in building materials. The sensor was embedded in test material samples so that the internal water content of the samples could be measured with an antenna by tracking the changes in the sensor’s resonant frequency. Since the dielectric constant of water was much higher compared with that of the test samples, the presence of water in the samples increased the capacitance of the LC circuit, thus decreasing the sensor’s resonant frequency. The sensor is made up of a printed circuit board in one metal layer and water content has been determined for clay brick and autoclaved aerated concrete block, both widely used construction materials. Measurements were conducted at room temperature using a HP-4194A Impedance/Gain-Phase Analyzer instrument
Internet-of-Things (IoT) Security Threats: Attacks on Communication Interface
Internet of Things (IoT) devices collect and process information from remote places and have significantly increased the productivity of distributed systems or individuals. Due to the limited budget on power consumption, IoT devices typically do not include security features such as advanced data encryption and device authentication. In general, the hardware components deployed in IoT devices are not from high end markets. As a result, the integrity and security assurance of most IoT devices are questionable. For example, adversary can implement a Hardware Trojan (HT) in the fabrication process for the IoT hardware devices to cause information leak or malfunctions. In this work, we investigate the security threats on IoT with a special emphasis on the attacks that aim for compromising the communication interface between IoT devices and their main processing host. First, we analyze the security threats on low-energy smart light bulbs, and then we exploit the limitation of Bluetooth protocols to monitor the unencrypted data packet from the air-gapped network. Second, we examine the security vulnerabilities of single-wire serial communication protocol used in data exchange between a sensor and a microcontroller. Third, we implement a Man-in-the-Middle (MITM) attack on a master-slave communication protocol adopted in Inter-integrated Circuit (I2C) interface. Our MITM attack is executed by an analog hardware Trojan, which crosses the boundary between digital and analog worlds. Furthermore, an obfuscated Trojan detection method(ADobf) is proposed to monitor the abnormal behaviors induced by analog Trojans on the I2C interface
Wearable Devices in Health Monitoring from the Environmental towards Multiple Domains: A Survey
The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes the environmental, behavioral, physiological, and psychological domains that impact adversely human health, well-being, and quality of life (QoL) in general. The environmental domain has significant interaction with the others. With respect to proactive and personalized medicine and the Internet of medical things (IoMT), wearables are most important for continuous health monitoring. In this work, we analyze wearables in healthcare from a perspective of innovation by categorizing them according to the four domains. Furthermore, we consider the mode of wearability, costs, and prolonged monitoring. We identify features and investigate the wearable devices in the terms of sampling rate, resolution, data usage (propagation), and data transmission. We also investigate applications of wearable devices. Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, IEEE Xplore, and ACM Library delivered wearables that we require to monitor at least one environmental parameter, e.g., a pollutant. According to the number of domains, from which the wearables record data, we identify groups: G1, environmental parameters only; G2, environmental and behavioral parameters; G3, environmental, behavioral, and physiological parameters; and G4 parameters from all domains. In total, we included 53 devices of which 35, 9, 9, and 0 belong to G1, G2, G3, and G4, respectively. Furthermore, 32, 11, 7, and 5 wearables are applied in general health and well-being monitoring, specific diagnostics, disease management, and non-medical. We further propose customized and quantified output for future wearables from both, the perspectives of users, as well as physicians. Our study shows a shift of wearable devices towards disease management and particular applications. It also indicates the significant role of wearables in proactive healthcare, having capability of creating big data and linking to external healthcare systems for real-time monitoring and care delivery at the point of perception
A Daily Activity Monitoring System for Internet of Things-Assisted Living in Home Area Networks
In this paper, a daily activity monitoring system for Internet of Things (IoT)- assisted living in home area networks is proposed in order to provide care for elderly people who live alone. The proposed system consists of two main parts: an IoT-assisted living space with contactless activity sensors, a help trigger, and an emergency gateway and a daily activity monitoring server with a range of components including data collection, event and user management, activity analysis and reporting, and so on. The contactless activity sensors can be placed anywhere in the home, and the emergency gateway collects data from them, detects emergency situations reported through the help trigger, and communicates with the daily activity monitoring server. The server analyzes and reports the daily activities and activity patterns of elderly users using a predefined activity index. In addition, unexpected emergency situations can be estimated and prevented through analysis of the activity information
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