Study on the Performance of TCP over 10Gbps High Speed Networks

Internet traffic is expected to grow phenomenally over the next five to ten years. To cope with such large traffic volumes, high-speed networks are expected to scale to capacities of terabits-per-second and beyond. Increasing the role of optics for packet forwarding and transmission inside the high-speed networks seems to be the most promising way to accomplish this capacity scaling. Unfortunately, unlike electronic memory, it remains a formidable challenge to build even a few dozen packets of integrated all-optical buffers. On the other hand, many high-speed networks depend on the TCP/IP protocol for reliability which is typically implemented in software and is sensitive to buffer size. For example, TCP requires a buffer size of bandwidth delay product in switches/routers to maintain nearly 100\% link utilization. Otherwise, the performance will be much downgraded. But such large buffer will challenge hardware design and power consumption, and will generate queuing delay and jitter which again cause problems. Therefore, improve TCP performance over tiny buffered high-speed networks is a top priority. This dissertation studies the TCP performance in 10Gbps high-speed networks. First, a 10Gbps reconfigurable optical networking testbed is developed as a research environment. Second, a 10Gbps traffic sniffing tool is developed for measuring and analyzing TCP performance. New expressions for evaluating TCP loss synchronization are presented by carefully examining the congestion events of TCP. Based on observation, two basic reasons that cause performance problems are studied. We find that minimize TCP loss synchronization and reduce flow burstiness impact are critical keys to improve TCP performance in tiny buffered networks. Finally, we present a new TCP protocol called Multi-Channel TCP and a new congestion control algorithm called Desynchronized Multi-Channel TCP (DMCTCP). Our algorithm implementation takes advantage of a potential parallelism from the Multi-Path TCP in Linux. Over an emulated 10Gbps network ruled by routers with only a few dozen packets of buffers, our experimental results confirm that bottleneck link utilization can be much better improved by DMCTCP than by many other TCP variants. Our study is a new step towards the deployment of optical packet switching/routing networks

SDN based testbeds for evaluating and promoting multipath TCP

Multipath TCP is an experimental transport proto- col with remarkable recent past and non-negligible future poten- tial. It has been standardized recently, however the evaluation studies focus only on a limited set of isolated use-cases and a comprehensive analysis or a feasible path of Internet-wide adoption is still missing. This is mostly because in the current networking practice it is unusual to configure multiple paths between the endpoints of a connection. Therefore, conducting and precisely controlling multipath experiments over the real “inter- net” is a challenging task for some experimenters and impossible for others. In this paper, we invoke SDN technology to make this control possible and exploit large-scale internet testbeds to conduct end-to-end MPTCP experiments. More specifically, we establish a special purpose control and measurement framework on top of two distinct internet testbeds. First, using the OpenFlow support of GÉANT, we build a testbed enabling measurements with real traffic. Second, we design and establish a publicly available large-scale multipath capable measurement framework on top of PlanetLab Europe and show the challenges of such a system. Furthermore, we present measurements results with MPTCP in both testbeds to get insight into its behavior in such not well explored environment

高速無線通信を含む多様なネットワークのための高速TCP/IPデータ転送技術の研究

早大学位記番号:新7791早稲田大

Performance of MultiPath TCP on OpenWRT

Multipath TCP (MPTCP) je pokročilým rozšířením stávajícího TCP protokolu, které dokáže nabídnout více než standardní varianta. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) je dosud nejrozšířenější metodou pro spolehlivou komunikaci přes rozsáhlé sítě. V současné době je protokol TCP omezen na komunikaci pouze jedinou originální cestou mezi zdrojem a cílem, i když je v dané chvíli k dispozici více alternativních cest. TCP nepodporuje multi homing. Tato vlastnost omezuje maximální možný datový tok, protože nelze využívat více linek najednou. MPTCP pomáhá překonat tento nedostatek. Protokol umožňuje rozdělit komunikaci do několika nezávislých TCP spojení a každé z nich může využívat jednu alternativní cestu k cíli komunikace. Díky tomu dokáže MPTCP zvýšit rychlost připojení, rovnoměrně rozdělovat zátěž mezi několik různých připojení k internetu a zároveň pomáhá udržet spojení i v případě výpadku některé z linek. V této práci budou vysvětleny rozdíly mezi MPTCP a TCP protokoly a zároveň jak MPTCP funguje. Dále bude podrobněji vysvětlen způsob jak zkompilovat linuxové jádro s podporou MPTCP v kombinaci se Shadowsocks pro operační systém LEDE. V další části práce bude navržena sada experimentů, které otestují vlastnosti MPTCP z hlediska datové propustnosti, přenosu velkých bloků dat, reakce na zvýšené komunikační zpoždění a reakce na zvýšenou ztrátovost komunikační linky. Hlavním cílem práce je analyzovat a vyhodnotit výkonnost MPTCP oproti TCP v operačním systému OpenWRT.Multipath TCP (MPTCP) is an advanced development of TCP/IP network which has better features when compared to TCP. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is the so far widely used method for data transfer and communication over network. Currently, TCP communication is limited to a single path which means no matter how many paths are available, data is transmitted only through single path at once from the source to the destination. TCP does not support multi homing. This feature restricts the use of bandwidth over the network. MPTCP is an evolution of TCP that supports multi homing which transmits data over multiple paths. Data transfer over multiple paths is achieved by distributing data over several TCP subows. Therefore, MPTCP provides better throughput, load balancing among available paths and better handling of network failure. In this thesis, I explain about the dierence between TCP and MPTCP, and how MPTCP works. I also explained in detail about MPTCP enabled Kernel patch along with Shadowsocks in LEDE (OpenWrt). Various experiments are carried out based on bandwidth, delay, loss and bulk data transfer to analyze the performance of MPTCP over TCP. The main goal of this thesis is to identify the performance analysis of MPTCP over normal TCP connection in OpenWRT

Reducing Internet Latency : A Survey of Techniques and their Merit

Bob Briscoe, Anna Brunstrom, Andreas Petlund, David Hayes, David Ros, Ing-Jyh Tsang, Stein Gjessing, Gorry Fairhurst, Carsten Griwodz, Michael WelzlPeer reviewedPreprin

NETWORK SERVICE DELIVERY AND THROUGHPUT OPTIMIZATION VIA SOFTWARE DEFINED NETWORKING

In today\u27s world, transmitting data across large bandwidth-delay product (BDP) networks requires special configuration on end users\u27 machines in order to be done efficiently. This added level of complexity creates extra cost and is usually overlooked by users unknowledgeable to the issues. This is one example problem which can be ameliorated with the emerging software defined networking (SDN) paradigm. In an SDN, packet forwarding is controlled via software controllers. In an OpenFlow SDN, a controller can control the forwarding, rewriting, and dropping of packets based on their header attributes. The ability to handle packets in customizable ways in software has significant implications for both users and operators of the network. Via SDN, network providers can easily provide services to enhance users\u27 experience of the network. Steroid OpenFlow Service (SOS) is presented as a solution to seamless enhancement of TCP data transfer throughput over large BDP networks without any modification to the software and configurations on users\u27 machines. SOS utilizes OpenFlow to redirect application specific traffic to application specific service agents. SOS uses service agents on both ends of the connection to seamlessly terminate a user\u27s TCP connection, launch a set of parallel TCP connections, and leverage multiple paths when available to maximize throughput

Concurrent Multipath Transfer: Scheduling, Modelling, and Congestion Window Management

Known as smartphones, multihomed devices like the iPhone and BlackBerry can simultaneously connect to Wi-Fi and 4G LTE networks. Unfortunately, due to the architectural constraints of standard transport layer protocols like the transmission control protocol (TCP), an Internet application (e.g., a file transfer) can use only one access network at a time. Due to recent developments, however, concurrent multipath transfer (CMT) using the stream control transmission protocol (SCTP) can enable multihomed devices to exploit additional network resources for transport layer communications. In this thesis we explore a variety of techniques aimed at CMT and multihomed devices, such as: packet scheduling, transport layer modelling, and resource management. Some of our accomplishments include, but are not limited to: enhanced performance of CMT under delay-based disparity, a tractable framework for modelling the throughput of CMT, a comparison of modelling techniques for SCTP, a new congestion window update policy for CMT, and efficient use of system resources through optimization. Since the demand for a better communications system is always on the horizon, it is our goal to further the research and inspire others to embrace CMT as a viable network architecture; in hopes that someday CMT will become a standard part of smartphone technology

Enhancing QUIC over Satellite Networks

The use of Satellite Communication (SATCOM) networks for broadband connectivity has recently seen an increase in popularity due to, among other factors, the rise of the latest generations of cellular networks (5G/6G) and the deployment of high-throughput satellites. In parallel, major advances have been witnessed in the context of the transport layer: first, the standardization and early deployment of QUIC, a new-generation and general-purpose transport protocol; and second, modern congestion control proposals such as the Bottleneck Bandwidth and Round-trip propagation time (BBR) algorithm. Even though satellite links introduce several challenges for transport layer mechanisms, mainly due to their long propagation delay, satellite Internet providers have relied on TCP connection-splitting solutions implemented by Performance-Enhancing Proxies (PEPs) to greatly overcome many of these challenges. However, due to QUIC's fully encrypted nature, these performance-boosting solutions become nearly impossible for QUIC traffic, leaving it in great disadvantage when competing against TCP-PEP. In this context, IETF QUIC WG contributors are currently investigating this matter and suggesting new solutions that can help improve QUIC's performance over SATCOM. This thesis aims to study some of these proposals and evaluate them through experimentation using a real network testbed and an emulated satellite link