UBERTRUST: How Uber Represents Itself to Its Customers Through its Legal and Non-Legal Documents

This paper examines some of the key factors that contribute to build or erode users’ trust in a platform-based service such as the one provided by Uber Technologies Inc. As clarified by the European Commission, the future Internet cannot succeed without trust of online platforms’ users. The paper explores Uber’s web of relationships with different categories of users, i.e., ‘driver-partners’, ‘riders’, ‘developers’ and ‘business users’ through Uber’s legal and non-legal representations. By analysing Uber ‘legals’ (terms of service, privacy policy, etc.) and the non-legal representations of these norms through the wider Uber community ecosystem (forums, blogs, etc.), it explores how transparency and collective awareness can play a role in sustaining trust. It concludes that the opacity of its ‘legals’ and of its corporate structure could create tensions within the market and undermine the users’ trust. Therefore, the authors recommend that in order to foster trust and ensure fairness, Uber should ensure consistency between its legal and non-legal representation and adopt a more transparent and fair approach in its legals. This would, in turn, empower its users community to participate in the decision making and could provide an example for other platforms

Network sharing through service outsourcing in inter-domain IMS frameworks

Includes abstract.Includes bibliographical references (leaves 161-167).Resource sharing can be used as a short-term solution to the imbalance between the supply and demand of network resources. Resources sharing enables operators to provide services to their subscribers using networks belonging to other operators. Resource sharing in mobile networks is increasingly becoming an option for operators to provide service to their subscribers. In this thesis we explore a mechanism for sharing access network resources that utilises negotiable short-term Service Level Agreements (SLA) that can easily adapt to changing network conditions. Through this mechanism operators of resource constrained networks may use near real time dynamic SLAs to negotiate network access services for their subscribers. We refer to this form of resource sharing as 'Service Outsourcing'

Customer value assessment of Sichuan Mobile

The present research aims to contribute with the evaluation and a segmentation index criterion of the customer group value in order to improve knowledge to the telecommunication industry, in value assessment and in market subdivision based on customer value. This thesis gives practical instrument measure and guiding suggestions to a deeper customer value assessment, combining characteristics of the communication industry in China, based on outstanding domestic and foreign research results and taking the group customers of China Mobile Sichuan Company. A first brief crossing between theoretical backgrounds of customer value assessment, segmentation concept and group customer, allowed the selection and choices of the methodology and the variables that influence group customer value. The following empirical step complemented the development of the assessment index system to calculate the group customer value and the following cluster analysis. The results obtained included the industry experts' experience, which help the identification of the 14 factors that influence the group customer value and the data analysis from 2000 group customers, which has been extracted from the mobile BOSS system. Factor analysis and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) method are used to calculate weights of indexes. Finally, based on current value, potential value, social value and the total value, clusters with typical characteristics are discovered using K-means clustering method. And corresponding marketing strategy is put forward.Esta tese avalia o Valor de grupos de clientes, no âmbito da grande empresa chinesa de telecomunicações móveis, a Sichuan Mobile. O presente estudo contribui para a análise da avaliação e segmentação de grupos de clientes, nomeadamente no mercado das telecomunicações. Este, sugere, ainda, um instrumento prático de medida; um índice de medida do valor de grupo de clientes é proposto e construído com base em análise de dados secundários do sector e do mercado chinês e primários baseados opiniões de peritos do sector e de resposta a um inquérito dos grupos de clientes da China Mobile. Após uma breve revisão do enquadramento teórico de conceitos inseridos na Gestão do Marketing, como Valor do Cliente, Segmentação e cliente-grupo, foram analisadas e seleccionadas as opções metodológicas e as variáveis que podem influenciar a avaliação do valor de um grupo de clientes. O desenvolvimento do índice de ponderação do valor de grupo de clientes foi elaborado após vários passos. Em primeiro lugar foram identificados, junto de peritos do sector, 14 factores que influenciam a avaliação do valor de grupo de clientes; Depois, efectuou-se um inquérito a 2000 grupos de clientes, retirados do sistema móvel BOSS da empresa Sichuan Mobile. Por fim realizou-se à base de dados obtida análises estatísticas como Análise Factorial e de Hierarquia (AHP), métodos que permitiram obter a ponderação do índice. Finalmente, com base no índice de valor corrente, valor potencial, valor social e valor total foram identificados os clusters. A análise destes clusters permitiu ainda sugerir estratégias de marketing em adaptação a cada cluster

Test process analysis of Gateway GPRS Support Node

Tässä diplomityössä tarkastellaan GPRS ja 3G verkon yhdyskäytäväsolmun testausprosessia käyttäen apuna erilaisia testauksen mittareita, vika-analyysiä ja riskianalyysiä. Edellä mainittujen analyysien perusteella suunnitellaan riskiperusteisen testauksen tarkka kohdentaminen. Tavoitteena on löytää keinoja parantaa testauksen tehokkuutta kohdentamalla riskiperusteinen testaus asiakkaan kannalta tärkeimmille ja vika-altteimmille toiminnallisuusalueille. Tämän tuloksena asiakkaalle pystytään toimittamaan parempilaatuinen tuote ja testauksen kustannuksia pystytään alentamaan. Työn teoriaosuudessa selvitetään ensin GPRS yhdyskäytäväsolmun toimintaa ja kommunikointia naapuriverkkoelementtien kanssa. Toiseksi selvitetään ohjelmistokehitysprosessin ja ohjelmistotestauksen perusteita. Työn käytännön osuudessa tutkitaan testauksen mittareita ja tehdään vika-analyysi. Mittareihin ja vika-analyysiin perustuen tehdään tuotteen riskianalyysi, jonka jälkeen pystytään suunnittelemaan riskiperusteinen testaus. Tutkimuksen tärkeimmät johtopäätökset: 1) Yhteistyötä tuotekehityksen, testauksen ja asiakasrajapinnan välillä pitää lisätä ja tehostaa. 2) Vaatimustenhallinnan, testitapaustietokannan ja vikatietokannan käyttöä pitää yhdenmukaistaa. 3) Testauksen ohjausta ja seurantaa helpottavien mittareiden saatavuutta ja reaaliaikaisuutta pitää kehittää.In this thesis the test process of Gateway GPRS Support Node was analysed by means of testing metrics, a defect analysis and a product risk analysis. Based on the before mentioned analyses a risk based testing was planned. The objective of the thesis was to improve the efficiency of the testing by concentrating the risk based testing to the features that are most critical to the customers and also by emphasising the testing of the most error prone functionality areas. The goal is a higher product quality and lower testing costs. In the theoretical part of the thesis firstly the functionality of Gateway GPRS Support Node is explained and also the protocols and interfaces towards the other network elements are investigated. Secondly the basics of the software creation process and the software testing are described. In the practical part of the thesis the testing metrics are researched and the defect analysis is performed. Then the risk based testing is planned based on the product risk analysis. Main conclusions of the study: 1) Co-operation between the product development, the testing and the customer support should be strengthened. 2) The usage of the requirement management database, the test management database and the defect tracking database should be harmonized. 3) The availability of the real-time testing metrics should be improved

The strategies associated with the migration of networks to 4G

The networks need to provide higher speeds than those offered today. For it, considering that in the spectrum radio technologies is the scarcest resource in the development of these technologies and the new developments is essential to maximize the performance of bits per hertz transmitted. Long Term Evolution optimize spectral efficiency modulations with new air interface, and more advanced algorithms radius. These capabilities is the fact that LTE is an IPbased technology that enables end-to-end offer high transmission rates per user and very low latency, ie delay in the response times of the network around only 10 milliseconds, so you can offer any realtime application. LTE is the latest standard in mobile network technology and 3GPP ensure competitiveness in the future, may be considered a technology bridge between 3G networks - current 3.5G and future 4G networks, which are expected to reach speeds of up to 1G . LTE operators provide a simplified architecture but both robust, supporting services on IP technology. The objectives to be achieved through its implementation are ambitious, first users have a wide range of added services like capabilities that currently enjoys with residential broadband access at competitive prices, while the operator will have a network fully IP-based environment, reducing the complexity and cost of the same, which will give operators the opportunity to migrate to LTE directly. A major advantage of LTE is its ability to fuse with existing networks, ensuring interconnection with the same, increasing his current coverage and allowing a data connection established by a user in the environment continue when fade the coverage LTE. Moreover, the operator has the advantage of deploying network gradually, starting initially at areas of high demand for broadband services and expand progressively in line with this. RESUMEN. Las redes necesitan proporcionar velocidades mayores a las ofertadas a día de hoy. Para ello, teniendo en cuenta que en tecnologías radio el espectro es el recurso más escaso, en la evolución de estas tecnologías y en los nuevos desarrollos es esencial maximizar el rendimiento de bits por hercio transmitido. Long Term Evolution optimiza la eficiencia espectral con nuevas modulaciones en la interfaz aire, así como los algoritmos radio más avanzado. A estas capacidades se suma el hecho de que LTE es una tecnología basada en IP de extremo a extremo que permite ofrecer altas velocidades de transmisión por usuario y latencias muy bajas, es decir, retardos en los tiempos de respuesta de la red en torno a sólo 10 milisegundos, por lo que permite ofrecer cualquier tipo de aplicación en tiempo real. LTE es el último estándar en tecnología de redes móviles y asegurará la competitividad de 3GPP en el futuro, pudiendo ser considerada una tecnología puente entre las redes 3G – 3.5G actuales y las futuras redes 4G, de las que se esperan alcanzar velocidades de hasta 1G. LTE proporcionará a las operadoras una arquitectura simplificada pero robusta a la vez, soportando servicios sobre tecnología IP. Los objetivos que se persiguen con su implantación son ambiciosos, por una parte los usuarios dispondrá de una amplia oferta de servicios añadidos con capacidades similares a las que disfruta actualmente con accesos a banda ancha residencial y a precios competitivos, mientras que el operador dispondrá de una red basada en entorno totalmente IP, reduciendo la complejidad y el costo de la misma, lo que dará a las operadoras la oportunidad de migrar a LTE directamente. Una gran ventaja de LTE es su capacidad para fusionarse con las redes existentes, asegurando la interconexión con las mismas, aumentando su actual cobertura y permitiendo que una conexión de datos establecida por un usuario en el entorno LTE continúe cuando la cobertura LTE se desvanezca. Por otra parte el operador tiene la ventaja de desplegar la red LTE de forma gradual, comenzando inicialmente por las áreas de gran demanda de servicios de banda ancha y ampliarla progresivamente en función de ésta

A reduced reference video quality assessment method for provision as a service over SDN/NFV-enabled networks

139 p.The proliferation of multimedia applications and services has generarted a noteworthy upsurge in network traffic regarding video content and has created the need for trustworthy service quality assessment methods. Currently, predominent position among the technological trends in telecommunication networkds are Network Function Virtualization (NFV), Software Defined Networking (SDN) and 5G mobile networks equipped with small cells. Additionally Video Quality Assessment (VQA) methods are a very useful tool for both content providers and network operators, to understand of how users perceive quality and this study the feasibility of potential services and adapt the network available resources to satisfy the user requirements

Economic policies and methods of determining the costs of services related to national telecommunication/ICT networks: Output Report on ITU-D Question 4/1 for the study period 2018-2021

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Assessment of Human Performance in Industry 5.0 Research Via Eye-Tracking and Cognitive Biases

Manufacturing assembly is combining previously made components or subassemblies into a final finished product. The assembly process can be manual, hybrid, or fully automated. Human operators who are involved in assembly use their judgment to perform the process. They collaborate with the other work agents such as assembly machines, robots, smart technologies, and computer interfaces. The recent Industrial revolution, Industry 5.0, exploits human expertise in collaboration with efficient and accurate machines. Manufacturing facilities that feature Industry 5.0 work settings require higher expectations, higher accuracy, sustainability solutions, mass customization of products, more human involvement, and digital technologies in smart workstations. Given these features, the cognitive load exerted on human workers in this environment is continuously increasing, leading to the use of cognitive heuristics. Cognitive biases are getting more attention in the cognitive ergonomics field, to help understand the operational behavior of workers. Manufacturing facilities can integrate cognitive assistance systems to work in parallel with physical and sensorial assistance systems. Cognitive assistance systems help toward better work conditions for workers and better overall system performance. This research explores the impact of human thinking style and using a cognitive assistance system on workers\u27 cognitive load, bias-related human performance, and user satisfaction. This research presents the design and experimental implementation of a research framework based on a well-established three-layer model for implementing Industry 5.0 in manufacturing. The research framework was designed to apply the dual-system theory and cognitive assistance in Assembly 5.0. Two experiments are presented to show the effectiveness of the proposed research framework. A cognitive assistance system was designed and compared to a benchmark system from LEGO ® Company. Subjective and objective measures were used to assess the thinking style, cognitive load, bias-related human performance, and user satisfaction in Assembly 5.0. As Industry 5.0 requires higher expectations, higher accuracy, smart workstations, and higher complexity, cognitive assistance systems can reduce the cognitive load and maintain the work efficiency and user satisfaction. Therefore, this work is important to industry to expand the use of cognitive ergonomic tools and employ them for A5.0 workers\u27 benefits