2,113 research outputs found
Spectral Signature Analysis – BIST for RF Front-Ends
In this paper, the Spectral Signature Analysis is presented as a concept for an integrable self-test system (Built-In Self-Test – BIST) for RF front-ends is presented. It is based on modelling the whole RF front-end (transmitter and receiver) on system level, on generating of a Spectral Signature and of evaluating of the Signature Response. Because of using multi-carrier signal as the test signature, the concept is especially useful for tests of linearity and frequency response of front-ends. Due to the presented method of signature response evaluation, this concept can be used for Built-In Self-Correction (BISC) at critical building blocks
Improved Wireless Security through Physical Layer Protocol Manipulation and Radio Frequency Fingerprinting
Wireless networks are particularly vulnerable to spoofing and route poisoning attacks due to the contested transmission medium. Traditional bit-layer defenses including encryption keys and MAC address control lists are vulnerable to extraction and identity spoofing, respectively. This dissertation explores three novel strategies to leverage the wireless physical layer to improve security in low-rate wireless personal area networks. The first, physical layer protocol manipulation, identifies true transceiver design within remote devices through analysis of replies in response to packets transmitted with modified physical layer headers. Results herein demonstrate a methodology that correctly differentiates among six IEEE 802.15.4 transceiver classes with greater than 99% accuracy, regardless of claimed bit-layer identity. The second strategy, radio frequency fingerprinting, accurately identifies the true source of every wireless transmission in a network, even among devices of the same design and manufacturer. Results suggest that even low-cost signal collection receivers can achieve greater than 90% authentication accuracy within a defense system based on radio frequency fingerprinting. The third strategy, based on received signal strength quantification, can be leveraged to rapidly locate suspicious transmission sources and to perform physical security audits of critical networks. Results herein reduce mean absolute percentage error of a widely-utilized distance estimation model 20% by examining signal strength measurements from real-world networks in a military hospital and a civilian hospital
Doppler Radar Techniques for Distinct Respiratory Pattern Recognition and Subject Identification.
Ph.D. Thesis. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa 2017
System-level design and RF front-end implementation for a 3-10ghz multiband-ofdm ultrawideband receiver and built-in testing techniques for analog and rf integrated circuits
This work consists of two main parts: a) Design of a 3-10GHz UltraWideBand
(UWB) Receiver and b) Built-In Testing Techniques (BIT) for Analog and RF circuits.
The MultiBand OFDM (MB-OFDM) proposal for UWB communications has
received significant attention for the implementation of very high data rate (up to
480Mb/s) wireless devices. A wideband LNA with a tunable notch filter, a downconversion
quadrature mixer, and the overall radio system-level design are proposed for
an 11-band 3.4-10.3GHz direct conversion receiver for MB-OFDM UWB implemented
in a 0.25mm BiCMOS process. The packaged IC includes an RF front-end with
interference rejection at 5.25GHz, a frequency synthesizer generating 11 carrier tones in
quadrature with fast hopping, and a linear phase baseband section with 42dB of gain
programmability. The receiver IC mounted on a FR-4 substrate provides a maximum
gain of 67-78dB and NF of 5-10dB across all bands while consuming 114mA from a
2.5V supply.
Two BIT techniques for analog and RF circuits are developed. The goal is to reduce
the test cost by reducing the use of analog instrumentation. An integrated frequency response characterization system with a digital interface is proposed to test the
magnitude and phase responses at different nodes of an analog circuit. A complete
prototype in CMOS 0.35mm technology employs only 0.3mm2 of area. Its operation is
demonstrated by performing frequency response measurements in a range of 1 to
130MHz on 2 analog filters integrated on the same chip. A very compact CMOS RF
RMS Detector and a methodology for its use in the built-in measurement of the gain and
1dB compression point of RF circuits are proposed to address the problem of on-chip
testing at RF frequencies. The proposed device generates a DC voltage proportional to
the RMS voltage amplitude of an RF signal. A design in CMOS 0.35mm technology
presents and input capacitance <15fF and occupies and area of 0.03mm2. The application
of these two techniques in combination with a loop-back test architecture significantly
enhances the testability of a wireless transceiver system
Design, Fault Modeling and Testing Of a Fully Integrated Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) in 45 nm CMOS Technology for Inter and Intra-Chip Wireless Interconnects
Research in recent years has demonstrated that intra and inter-chip wireless interconnects are capable of establishing energy-efficient data communications within as well as between multiple chips. This thesis introduces a circuit level design of a source degenerated two stage common source low noise amplifier suitable for such wireless interconnects in 45-nm CMOS process. The design consists of a simple two-stage common source structure based Low Noise Amplifier (LNA) to boost the degraded received signal. Operating at 60GHz, the proposed low noise amplifier consumes only 4.88 mW active power from a 1V supply while providing 17.2 dB of maximum gain at 60 GHz operating frequency at very low noise figure of 2.8 dB, which translates to a figure of merit of 16.1 GHz and IIP3 as -14.38 dBm
Energy-Efficient Wireless Interconnect Design for Non-Destructive Testing (NDT) Applications
A method for non-destructive, wireless testing of integrated circuits(ICs) is presented in this thesis. This system is suitable for applications which require testing after the manufacturing of ICs. According to Moore\u27s Law the number of transistors in an IC doubles every two years, the current probing equipment will also have to reduce its size accordingly which will be difficult after a certain point. The proposed system relies on near field communication in order to transfer data between probe and device under test. The probe and IC will include small antenna and a transceiver circuit. The antenna and the transceiver circuit can be integrated into the device without affecting the real estate and performance. Major advantages of non-destructive probing include no damage to the pads of test chip, higher test frequencies and less maintenance which will lead to higher pin densities. The antenna and transceiver circuit to be incorporated on the test chip are completely CMOS compliant.;The presented system here is a prototype which consists of a transceiver circuit along with an ultra-wideband antenna. The system was implemented in IBM 180nm CMOS process. The transceiver circuit communicates at a high frequency of 21.5GHz which in turn reduces the area consumed by the antenna and the transceiver circuit. The results obtained for our system show that an energy efficient wireless interconnect has been successfully implemented for future non-destructive testing applications
Electro-thermal coupling analysis methodology for RF circuits
In this paper we present an electro-thermal coupling
simulation technique for RF circuits. The proposed methodology
takes advantage of well established tools for frequency translating
circuits in order to significantly reduce the computational
resources needed when frequencies of interest are separated by
orders of magnitude.Postprint (published version
A 27-MHz frequency shift keying wireless system resilient to in-band interference for wireless sensing applications
A 27-MHz wireless system with binary frequency shift keying (BFSK) modulation at 400-kHz is reported. The receiver has been designed to handle in-band interference corrupting the BFSK signal with the use of complex filters and amplitude comparison method. The BFSK modulation is carried out with a voltage-controlled oscillator before up-converting with a 27-MHz local oscillator. The bipolar junction transistors (BJT-based) power amplifier with 30% efficiency pumps 220 mW into a spiral antenna. The inductive-degenerated low-noise amplifier with a voltage of more than 30 dB amplifies an incoming signal before feeding into a mixer for complex direct down conversion. With deliberate Gaussian interference injection, the minimum ratios between the signal with interference and the interference only at the distance of 2.5, 10 and 15 m are 3.3, 8.5 and 11.5 dB, respectively at a maximum data rate of 20 kbps. Without any interference included, the system can achieve a data rate of 40 kbps at the maximum transmission distance of 15 m. Conceptually agreed with the presented bit-error-rate (BER) analysis, the BER measurements with Gaussian and single-tone/two-tone in-band interferences also confirm superiority offered by the amplitude comparison method where the signal-to-noise ratio is at 1 dB for BER=10-3 at 10 kbps (10 dB better than the phase detection counterpart)
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