14 research outputs found
Integrating renewable energy resources into the smart grid: recent developments in information and communication technologies
Rising energy costs, losses in the present-day electricity grid, risks from nuclear power generation, and global environmental changes are motivating a transformation of the conventional ways of generating electricity. Globally, there is a desire to rely more on renewable energy resources (RERs) for electricity generation. RERs reduce green house gas emissions and may have economic benefits, e.g., through applying demand side management with dynamic pricing so as to shift loads from fossil fuel-based generators to RERs. The electricity grid is presently evolving towards an intelligent grid, the so-called smart grid (SG). One of the major goals of the future SG is to move towards 100% electricity generation from RERs, i.e., towards a 100% renewable grid. However, the disparate, intermittent, and typically widely geographically distributed nature of RERs complicates the integration of RERs into the SG. Moreover, individual RERs have generally lower capacity than conventional fossil-fuel plants, and these RERs are based on a wide spectrum of different technologies. In this article, we give an overview of recent efforts that aim to integrate RERs into the SG. We outline the integration of RERs into the SG along with their supporting communication networks. We also discuss ongoing projects that seek to integrate RERs into the SG around the globe. Finally, we outline future research directions on integrating RERs into the SG
The Novel Applications of Deep Reservoir Computing in Cyber-Security and Wireless Communication
This chapter introduces the novel applications of deep reservoir computing (RC) systems in cyber-security and wireless communication. The RC systems are a new class of recurrent neural networks (RNNs). Traditional RNNs are very challenging to train due to vanishing/exploding gradients. However, the RC systems are easier to train and have shown similar or even better performances compared with traditional RNNs. It is very essential to study the spatio-temporal correlations in cyber-security and wireless communication domains. Therefore, RC models are good choices to explore the spatio-temporal correlations. In this chapter, we explore the applications and performance of delayed feedback reservoirs (DFRs), and echo state networks (ESNs) in the cyber-security of smart grids and symbol detection in MIMO-OFDM systems, respectively. DFRs and ESNs are two different types of RC models. We also introduce the spiking structure of DFRs as spiking artificial neural networks are more energy efficient and biologically plausible as well
Performance Analysis of Train Communication Systems
Trains are considered as a highly efficient transport mode which generate significant
challenges in terms of their communication systems. For improved safety, to cope with
the expected rapid increase in traffic, and to meet customer demands, an enhanced
and reliable communication system is required for high-speed trains (HSRs). Mobile
phone and laptop users would like to make use of the non-negligible time that they
spend commuting but current HSR communication systems have a foreseeable end
to their lifetime and a reliable, efficient, and fast communication replacement system
has become essential. Encouraged by the use of existing power line networks for
communication purposes, this research investigates the possibility of developing a train
communication system based on the use of overhead line equipment (OLE). The ABCD
transfer line model is developed to represent the transfer function of the OLE channel
and is evaluated using computer simulations. The simulations of the OLE system used
are based on orthogonal frequency division multiplexing as the chosen modulation
scheme.
Within the train, for the provision of broadband services, developing a reliable
communication system which is a combination of power line communication and
optical wireless communication services using visible light communication (VLC)
is considered. Mathematical methods were developed for these networks to assess
the overall capacities and outage probabilities of the hybrid systems. Derivation of
such analytical expressions offered opportunities to investigate the impact of several
system parameters on the performance of the system. To assess the possibility of
improving the performance of the proposed integrated systems, their performance in
the presence of different relaying protocols has been comprehensively analyzed in
terms of capacity and outage probability. This thesis studied the outage probability and
energy per bit consumption performance of different relaying protocols over the VLC
channel. Accurate analytical expressions for the overall outage probability and energyper-bit consumption of the proposed system configurations, including the single-hop
and multi-hop approaches were derived.
It was found that the transfer function of the OLE channel can be represented by the
two-port network model. It was also revealed that transmission over OLE is negatively
affected by the speed of the train, frequency, and length of the OLE link. In train, relay-based communication systems can provide reliable connectivity to the end-user.
However, choosing an optimal system configuration can enhance system performance.
It was also shown that increasing relay numbers on the network contributes to the total
power consumption of the system
Failure Analysis in Next-Generation Critical Cellular Communication Infrastructures
The advent of communication technologies marks a transformative phase in
critical infrastructure construction, where the meticulous analysis of failures
becomes paramount in achieving the fundamental objectives of continuity,
security, and availability. This survey enriches the discourse on failures,
failure analysis, and countermeasures in the context of the next-generation
critical communication infrastructures. Through an exhaustive examination of
existing literature, we discern and categorize prominent research orientations
with focuses on, namely resource depletion, security vulnerabilities, and
system availability concerns. We also analyze constructive countermeasures
tailored to address identified failure scenarios and their prevention.
Furthermore, the survey emphasizes the imperative for standardization in
addressing failures related to Artificial Intelligence (AI) within the ambit of
the sixth-generation (6G) networks, accounting for the forward-looking
perspective for the envisioned intelligence of 6G network architecture. By
identifying new challenges and delineating future research directions, this
survey can help guide stakeholders toward unexplored territories, fostering
innovation and resilience in critical communication infrastructure development
and failure prevention
Is CADP an Applicable Formal Method?
International audienceCADP is a comprehensive toolbox implementing results of concurrency theory. This paper addresses the question, whether CADP qualifies as an applicable formal method, based on the experience of the authors and feedback reported by users
Advances in Public Transport Platform for the Development of Sustainability Cities
Modern societies demand high and varied mobility, which in turn requires a complex transport system adapted to social needs that guarantees the movement of people and goods in an economically efficient and safe way, but all are subject to a new environmental rationality and the new logic of the paradigm of sustainability. From this perspective, an efficient and flexible transport system that provides intelligent and sustainable mobility patterns is essential to our economy and our quality of life. The current transport system poses growing and significant challenges for the environment, human health, and sustainability, while current mobility schemes have focused much more on the private vehicle that has conditioned both the lifestyles of citizens and cities, as well as urban and territorial sustainability. Transport has a very considerable weight in the framework of sustainable development due to environmental pressures, associated social and economic effects, and interrelations with other sectors. The continuous growth that this sector has experienced over the last few years and its foreseeable increase, even considering the change in trends due to the current situation of generalized crisis, make the challenge of sustainable transport a strategic priority at local, national, European, and global levels. This Special Issue will pay attention to all those research approaches focused on the relationship between evolution in the area of transport with a high incidence in the environment from the perspective of efficiency
An internet of things enabled system for real-time monitoring and predictive maintenance of railway infrastructure
The railway industry plays a pivotal role in the socioeconomic landscape of many countries. However, its operation poses considerable challenges in terms of safety, environmental impact, and the intricacies of intertwined technical and social structures. Addressing these challenges necessitates the adoption of innovative approaches and advanced technologies. This doctoral research delves into the potential of the Internet of Things (IoT) as an enabler for railway infrastructure monitoring and predictive maintenance, aiming to enhance reliability, efficiency, and safety within the industry. Rooted in a pragmatic modelist philosophical stance, this thesis employs an exploratory sequential mixed-method approach incorporating qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The research process involves engaging with key stakeholders to gain insights into the challenges faced in railway maintenance and the opportunities presented by IoT implementation. Following this, an IoT system is developed, and a comprehensive value-creation framework is proposed for its effective implementation within the railway sector. The findings of this investigation underscore the transformative potential of IoT integration in railway infrastructure monitoring, yielding significant improvements in maintenance processes, safety, and operational efficiency. Furthermore, this doctoral research provides a foundation for future innovation and adaptation in the railway industry, contributing to its ongoing evolution and resilience in an ever-changing technological landscape
Safety and Reliability - Safe Societies in a Changing World
The contributions cover a wide range of methodologies and application areas for safety and reliability that contribute to safe societies in a changing world. These methodologies and applications include: - foundations of risk and reliability assessment and management
- mathematical methods in reliability and safety
- risk assessment
- risk management
- system reliability
- uncertainty analysis
- digitalization and big data
- prognostics and system health management
- occupational safety
- accident and incident modeling
- maintenance modeling and applications
- simulation for safety and reliability analysis
- dynamic risk and barrier management
- organizational factors and safety culture
- human factors and human reliability
- resilience engineering
- structural reliability
- natural hazards
- security
- economic analysis in risk managemen