Effects of fat source and dietary sodium bicarbonate plus straw on the conjugated linoleic acid content of milk of dairy cows

The effects of fat source (0.7 kg of fatty acids from extruded soybeans or palmitic acid), of sodium bicarbonate (0.3 kg) plus straw (1 kg) and the interaction of these treatments on the content of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in the milk of dairy cows were examined. During nine weeks a group of 10 cows received a ration with palmitic acid and bicarbonate plus straw (ration PAB). During three periods of three weeks a second group of 10 cows received successively a ration with extruded soybeans and bicarbonate plus straw (ration ESB), a ration with palmitic acid without bicarbonate or straw (ration PA), and a ration with extruded soybeans without bicarbonate or straw (ration ES). Rations ES and ESB increased the content of polyunsaturated fatty acids in milk, but decreased milk fat content, compared to rations PAB and PA. Ration ESB led to the greatest milk CLA content, by a synergy between the high amount of dietary fat, and the action of bicarbonate plus straw, favouring trans11 isomers of CLA and C18:1, presumably via a ruminal pH near neutrality. Ration ES favoured trans10 isomers, not desaturated in the mammary gland, so that the milk CLA content was lower than with ration ESB, and resulted in the lowest milk fat content. In conclusion, a ration supplemented with both extruded soybeans and bicarbonate plus straw, was an efficient way to increase the CLA content in the milk of dairy cows

Low-speed aerodynamic characteristics of a twin-engine general aviation configuration with aft-fuselage-mounted pusher propellers

An investigation was conducted to determine the aerodynamic characteristics of an advanced turboprop aircraft model with aft-pylon-mounted pusher propellers. Tests were conducted through an angle-of-attack range of -8 to 28 degrees, and an angle-of-sideslip range of -20 to 20 degrees at free-stream conditions corresponding to Reynolds numbers of 0.55 to 2.14 x 10 to the 6th power based on mean aerodynamic chord. Test results show that for the unpowered configurations the maximum lift coefficients for the cruise, takeoff, and landing configurations are 1.45, 1.90, and 2.10, respectively. Nacelle installation results in a drag coefficient increase of 0.01. Increasing propeller thrust results in a significant increase in lift for angles of attack above stall and improves the longitudinal stability. The cruise configuration remains longitudinally stable to an angle of attack 5 degrees beyond the stall angle, the takeoff configuration is stable 4 degrees beyond stall angle, and the landing configuration is stable 3 degrees beyond stall angle. The predominant effect of symmetric thrust on the lateral-directional aerodynamic characteristics is in the post-stall region, where additional rudder control is available with power on

The Anchor, Volume 50.01: September 25, 1935

The Anchor began in 1887 and was first issued weekly in 1914. Covering national and campus news alike, Hope College’s student-run newspaper has grown over the years to encompass over two-dozen editors, reporters, and staff. For much of The Anchor\u27s history, the latest issue was distributed across campus each Wednesday throughout the academic school year (with few exceptions). As of Fall 2019 The Anchor has moved to monthly print issues and a more frequently updated website. Occasionally, the volume and/or issue numbering is irregular

Steady-state and transitional aerodynamic characteristics of a wing in simulated heavy rain

The steady-state and transient effects of simulated heavy rain on the subsonic aerodynamic characteristics of a wing model were determined in the Langley 14- by 22-Foot Subsonic Tunnel. The 1.29 foot chord wing was comprised of a NACA 23015 airfoil and had an aspect ratio of 6.10. Data were obtained while test variables of liquid water content, angle of attack, and trailing edge flap angle were parametrically varied at dynamic pressures of 10, 30, and 50 psf (i.e., Reynolds numbers of .76x10(6), 1.31x10(6), and 1.69x10(6)). The experimental results showed reductions in lift and increases in drag when in the simulated rain environment. Accompanying this was a reduction of the stall angle of attack by approximately 4 deg. The transient aerodynamic performance during transition from dry to wet steady-state conditions varied between a linear and a nonlinear transition

Cyclonic cold-core eddy in the eastern North Atlantic. II. Nutients, phytoplankton and bacteriaplankton

A cyclonic cold-core eddy in the Northeast Atlantic of about 100 km in diameter at the sea surface was investigated in May 1985, approximately 3 wk after it had separated from the Polar Front. A strong thermocline, which was shallower but more pronounced than in the ambient water, separated a warm surface layer within the eddy from deeper cold water, while horizontal salinity gradients marked the boundary to the ambient water. The cold-core eddy could be distinguished from amblent Northeast Atlantic water in terms of its nutrient chemistry, phytoplankton species distribution and abundance, bacterial numbers and cell size. The surface layer of the eddy was distinct from deeper eddy water, and was characterized by high concentrations of chlorophyll a, total phytoplankton biomass, dinoflagellates and bacteria. At the eddy's margin diatoms were predominant. It is argued that the physical isolation of the eddy surface layer due to the formation of a shallow thermocline led to rapid utilisation of nutrients. This probably enabled the development of a dinoflagellate-dominated phytoplankton population and of organisms capable of heterotrophic regenerative processes

Optimizing the Source Distribution in Fluid Mixing

A passive scalar is advected by a velocity field, with a nonuniform spatial source that maintains concentration inhomogeneities. For example, the scalar could be temperature with a source consisting of hot and cold spots, such that the mean temperature is constant. Which source distributions are best mixed by this velocity field? This question has a straightforward yet rich answer that is relevant to real mixing problems. We use a multiscale measure of steady-state enhancement to mixing and optimize it by a variational approach. We then solve the resulting Euler--Lagrange equation for a perturbed uniform flow and for simple cellular flows. The optimal source distributions have many broad features that are as expected: they avoid stagnation points, favor regions of fast flow, and their contours are aligned such that the flow blows hot spots onto cold and vice versa. However, the detailed structure varies widely with diffusivity and other problem parameters. Though these are model problems, the optimization procedure is simple enough to be adapted to more complex situations.Comment: 19 pages, 23 figures. RevTeX4 with psfrag macro

Densities of 4-ranks of K2(O)K_2(\mathcal{O})

Conner and Hurrelbrink established a method of determining the structure of the 2-Sylow subgroup of the tame kernel $K_2(\mathcal{O})$ for certain quadratic number fields. Specifically, the 4-rank for these fields was characterized in terms of positive definite binary quadratic forms. Numerical calculations led to questions concerning possible density results of the 4-rank of tame kernels. In this paper, we succeed in giving affirmative answers to these questions.Comment: 11 page

Performance of a transonic compressor rotor with an aspect ratio of 6.5

The overall and blade-element performances and the aerodynamic design parameters of a transonic rotor with an aspect ratio of 6.5, designed to investigate the effects of aspect ratio on range and performance are presented. The rotor was designed for a total-pressure ratio of 1.53, an efficiency of 0.898, and a weight flow of 67.76 pounds per second

DYNAMIC RELATIONS AND SHARIA STOCK MARKET INTEGRATION WITH OIL PRICES (Studies: Indonesia, Malaysia, USA, UK, Japan 2012-2016)

The purpose of this research is to analyze the relationship of dynamic and integration between world sharia stock market with world crude oil price. This research can find out the integration relationship between world sharia stock market with world crude oil price. The object of this research is sharia stock market in Indonesia, Malaysia, United States, UK, Japan during period 2012-2016. The research method is Dynamic Coditional Correlation Multivariate-GARCH method is used to test the hypothesis in order to know the relationship of sharia stock market integration in world with world oil price. In this case to test the conditional correlation multivariate-GARCH method, reasearcher have taken any steps is descriptive statistical testing, heteroskedasticity testing, stationary test, and GARCH univariate testing. The result of the research shows that there is a significant dynamic correlation in world sharia stock price (Indonesia, Malaysia, United States, United Kingdom, Japan) and significant dynamic relationship between world sharia stock market with world crude oil price. It can be explained indirectly proves the existence of integration relationship between world sharia stock market with world crude oil price. Keywords: sharia stocks integration, sharia stock price, world crude oil price, Dynamic Conditional Correlation Multivariate-GARCH (DCC-MGARCH)