Development of a Flame Atomic Fluorescence Spectrometer with Microsecond Pulsed Hollow Cathode Lamp excitation

环境监测一般包含方案制定、样品采集、保存运输、实验室分析、数据处理及评价等环节。但待测目标物在运输、保存过程中存在化学形态转化、生物利用、浓度变化、玷污等缺陷，使实验室测定的结果与实际值存在差异；同时，过程耗时偏长，不仅无法满足大尺度、高频度的监测需求，更无法解决短时/瞬间过程的监测问题。为此，研制车载、船载等现场、实时监测仪器成为环境监测领域的现实需求。 结合元素及其形态分析技术的最新进展，本论文在商品化SK-830火焰原子荧光光谱（Atomicfluorescencespectrometer，AFS）分析仪器的基础上，通过对其进样方式、原子化器的改进，使其更适合应用于现场分析。研究工作选...An environmental monitoring project includes plan making, samples collecting, saving and transporting, laboratory analysis, data processing and evaluation of its risks, etc. Some disadvantages existed during the process of the storage process and transportation, such as form transformation, bio-utilization and stained of the object, so as to change the speciation and total quantity of the target o...学位：理学硕士院系专业：环境与生态学院_环境科学学号：3332013115174

同型半胱氨酸对人脐静脉内皮细胞线粒体膜电位的影响

Objective:  To observe the changes of endothelial mitochondrial membrane potential（MMP）by building Hcy-induced endothelial impairment model in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells and to analyze the mechanism of Hcy-induced apoptosis.Methods: (1) Cultured HUVECs of term infant in vitro provide enough experimental materials. (2)The HUVECs are randomly divided into five groups: the control group does not add Hcy, the other groups add 0.01、0.1、1.0、3.0mmol/LHCY respectively, and put them together for 24 hours to detect the changes of MMP of the HUVECs at 3、6、12、24 hour.Results: There is no difference in the level of MMP in the HUVECs stimulated by HCY for 24 hours between the HCY0.01mmol/L group and the control group. Comparing with the control group,MMP reduces at 24 hour in the HCY0.1 mmol/L group ,at 6、12、24 hour in the HCY1.0 mmol/L group and at 3、6 hour(P<0.05）and obviously at 12、24 hour(P<0.01) in the HCY3.0 mmol/L group.In the same Hcy-induced group, MMP obviously reduces at 24 hour, ＞12h、6h、3h.At the same time, MMP obviously reduces at 3.0mmol/L Hcy-induced group, ＞1.0、0.1、0.01 mmol/L group and the control group.Conclusion: (1)HCY can injury endothelial function and induce apoptosis and it relates with concentration and time of HCY.(2) Mechanism of  Hcy- induced endothelial apoptosis may relates the reduction of MMP.目的 探讨同型半胱氨酸诱导人脐静脉内皮细胞线粒体膜电位(MMP)的变化，了解血管内皮细胞发生细胞凋亡的机制。方法 无菌采集正常足月剖腹产胎儿脐带进行人脐静脉内皮细胞培养，取对数生长的人脐静脉内皮细胞制成细胞悬液，加含1％胎牛血清（FCS）的培养基(DMEM)处理细胞24h，使细胞稳定、同步化。随机分成五组:（1）空白组：仅加含1％FCS的DMEM5ml。（2）HCY0.01mmol/L组：1％FCS的DMEM＋HCY终浓度为0.01 mmol/L 5ml。（3）HCY0.1 mmol/L组：1％FCS的DMEM＋HCY终浓度为0.1mmol/L 5ml。（4） HCY1.0 mmol/L组：1％FCS的DMEM＋HCY终浓度为1.0 mmol/L 5ml。（5）HCY3.0mmol/L组：1％FCS的DMEM＋HCY终浓度为3.0 mmol/L 5ml。继续培养24h，每组3个样本。结果 不9同浓度及时间HCY对HUVECs线粒体膜电位的影响:MMP在HCY0.01mmol/L组和空白对照组间无差异性变化；在HCY0.1 mmol/L组于24h时出现下降（P<0.05）；在HCY1.0mmol/L组于6h、12h、24h出现下降（P<0.05）；在HCY3.0mmol/L组于3h、6h有下降（P<0.05），12h、24h明显降低（P<0.01）。同一浓度HCY作用24h时MMP最低，依次＞12h、6h、3h。相同时间内，可以看到HCY浓度越高MMP降低越多，MMP在HCY3.0mmol/L组最低，依次＞1.0、0.1及0.01和空白组，结论 HCY可导致MMP发生改变，其浓度及作用时间是影响因素。（1）相同时间内，HCY浓度越高MMP降低越多。（2）同一浓度HCY作用时间越长MMP越低。

Nano Sensors for Oxygen Based on Ratiometric Fluorescence

比率式荧光传感通过在同一传感基质中掺杂两种或两种以上对分析物具有不同响应的发光体,根据不同的光发射信号比值构建起来的光化学传感体系,能更好满足实际检测的需要。近年来,比率式荧光纳米传感器的构建已引起了人们的广泛关注。该文介绍了比率式荧光纳米氧传感器的制备方法、传感特性和应用情况,并对其传感检测的发展和应用前景进行了分析和展望。Ratiometric sensing nanoprobes derivatized from luminescent dyes show great application in a nano or micro system as well as in a sensing material. Nowadays,a ratiometric nano sensing system has attracted a wide variety of attentions. In this review,the meaning of measuring oxygen concentration was introduced and the determination approaches for O_2 was discussed. The research progress of nanosensors for O_2 based on ratiometric fluorescence including their preparation,characteristics and applications,was systematically reviewed.国家自然科学基金资助项目（21375112

海洋有机质的光谱分析方法评述

海洋有机质的光谱分析已成为海洋碳循环的研究热点之一。本文从天然有机质吸收光谱和荧光光谱分析的基本原理入手,系统梳理了有机质光谱分析中容易被忽视的基本概念,讨论了过滤与保存方式、p H值、荧光内滤效应等对有机质光谱分析的影响。结合色氨酸、酪氨酸、腐殖酸及大量现场样品的实验结果,对吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱的不同解析方法进行了系统的分析与对比。基于在南海、西菲律宾海获取的现场调查数据,对于文献中常用的荧光指数(FI)、腐殖化指数(HIX)、自生源指数(BIX)等光谱参数的内在含义及其在海洋环境中的适用性进行了评述。此外,还归纳和总结了胶体有机质和颗粒有机质荧光分析的最新进展,并对今后在光谱分析与观测领域有待完善和突破的一些关键领域进行了展望。国家自然科学基金面上项目(41876083;41276064);;“科学”号高端用户项目(KEXUE2017G11;KEXUE2018G03);;厦门市海洋与渔业局项

Impacts of storm event on DOM composition and flux in two Jiulong Tributaries with different watershed features

通过调查2014年7月"麦德姆"台风影响期间福建九龙江北溪(流域以林地为主)和西溪(农业流域和城市背景)下游定点站DOM的时间序列,测定样品的DOC含量及其吸收光谱和三维荧光光谱,以评估不同流域背景对河流DOM动力学降雨响应的差异性,并为流域-河口系统的一体化管理提供重要参考。降雨期间,两条河流DOC浓度、吸收系数aCDOM(350)以及总荧光强度均随径流量升高而增大,并在水位下降期持续增加,且西溪增加量明显高于北溪,说明受人类活动扰动大的流域河流有机质对暴雨事件的响应更为灵敏;北溪和西溪的SUVA254分别显示出增大和减小的相反变化趋势,表明林地背景的流域主要冲刷芳香度高的DOM到河流,农业和城市背景则相反;降雨期西溪对九龙江DOM入海通量的贡献率高于北溪,与基流期北溪贡献率占主导恰巧相反,这种碳通量的逆转表明暴雨事件会放大人类活动对下游河口生态环境的影响。Watershed features have great impacts on river DOM composition and flux. In this study, temporal variations in DOM of the North(dominated by forestland)and West(dominated by farmland and urban area)Jiulong River were investigated during the typhoon"Matmo"in July, 2014. The DOM was characterized by DOC, absorption spectroscopy, and fluorescence excitation emission matrix spectroscopy(EEMs)analysis. The DOC concentration, absorption coefficient aCDO(350)and total DOM fluorescence intensity of both rivers increased significantly in both rising and falling hydrograph during the storm event. However, DOM abundance in the West River showed a much greater increase than that in the North River, suggesting more sensitivity of river DOM to rainstorm events in the watershed with greater anthropogenic perturbation. The specific absorption coefficient(SUVA254)of CDOM showed different variation tends between the North and West River,indicating that river DOM in forest-dominant watershed had high aromaticity and average molecular weight. The West River showed higher fluxes of DOM than the North River during storm event, which was opposite to that under the base flow condition. This reversion in DOM export flux suggested that storm event could amplify the influence of human activities in the watershed on the receiving estuarine ecosystems.The present findings are of great significance for the integrated management of coupled river-estuary system.国家自然科学基金项目(41276064,U1305231

Establishment of Single Tube Quantitative Detection Technology for Escherichia coli Assay Based on Fluorescent Method

通过研究培养温度、培养基pH值对大肠杆菌生长和培养液荧光强度的影响,确定44℃,培养液pH值7.0～7.5为大肠杆菌MUG酶荧光检测的最佳条件。通过研究培养时间和接种菌浓度与培养液荧光强度的关系,建立起基于荧光方法检测大肠杆菌的单管定量检测技术。通过与平板菌落计数法和最大可能数法比较发现单管定量检测法的相对标准偏差小于这两种常用的方法,而且更为快速、经济,适合用于大肠杆菌的定量检测。Influence of incubation temperatures and pH values of culture liquid on growth of Escherichia coli and the fluorescent intensity of culture liquid had been investigated.E.coli incubated at 44℃ in the culture liquid with a pH value in the range of 7.0～7.5 was found to be the best condition for fluorescent assay.Single tube technology to detect E.coli was established through the studies on the relationship between incubation time,inoculation quantity of E.coli and the fluorescent intensity of culture liquid.Relatively standard diversity of single tube detection technology was lower than those of colony-counting method and the most probably number method.The results indicated that the single tube quantitative detection method was fit for E.coli quantitative detection because of the several advantages such as less time-consuming and more economical compared with traditional methods.国家高技术研究发展计划项目(863计划项目)(No2002AA639600);; 福建省自然科学基金(NoB0410022

Research on the Fluorescence Characteristics of Synechococcus sp.and Salt Algae

[目的]研究聚球藻和盐藻的荧光特性,确定其在特征激发、发射波长下藻浓度和荧光强度的关系,寻找一种确定藻类浓度的简便方法。[方法]以岛津rf5301型荧光分光光度计分析检测聚球藻和盐藻的激发和发射光谱,并获得它们的荧光强度与以血球计数板计数的藻浓度之间的关系。[结果]聚球藻和盐藻的激发、发射光谱有着明显的不同。在它们特征的激发、发射波长下,其浓度与荧光强度呈良好的线性关系。[结论]通过测定藻类的荧光强度就可推算出特定藻类的浓度,且该方法比血球计数板计算藻类的浓度更为便捷。[Objective] A simple determining method of the concentration of the known algae:Synechococcus sp.and salt algae,was formed through the confirmation of the relationship between its concentration and fluorescence intensity under its characteristics of excitation and emission wavelength based on research on its fluorescence characteristics.[Method] The excitation and emission spectra of Synechococcus sp.and salt algae was measured with the fluorescence spectrophotometer(RF5301) and the relationship between the fluorescence intensity and the concentration of alga based on the number at blood counting plate was gotten.[Results] There was a marked difference in the excitation and emission spectra between Synechococcus sp.and salt algae and there was good linear relationship between its concentration and the fluorescence intensity under its special excitation and emission wavelength.[Conclusion] The concentration of specific algae could be calculated through the determination of its fluorescence intensity,and the method was more convenient in the concentration-testing of algae than that of the blood cell counting sheet

2种咖啡酸吗啉胺的合成及其对酪氨酸酶的激活和对黑色素合成的调控

合成了2种新型咖啡酸衍生物咖啡酸-2-氨乙基吗啉胺（C-1）和咖啡酸-N-氨丙基吗啉胺（C-2）,并通过质谱、核磁共振以及红外光谱技术鉴定其结构.2种化合物对蘑菇酪氨酸酶具有良好的激活效果,其对于酪氨酸酶活性的半激活质量浓度(EC50)分别为0.06和0.12 mmol/L,且2种化合物的激活类型均为混合型激活.通过紫外-可见光谱法验证了C-1和C-2对酪氨酸酶的激活作用.通过荧光猝灭和分子模拟进一步分析了2种化合物与酪氨酸酶之间的相互作用,结果表明两者对酪氨酸酶的影响可能是基于化合物的碳链长度.2种化合物对人体正常肝细胞LO2无毒性,并能够增强人体黑色素瘤细胞M14中的酪氨酸酶活力.进而对M14细胞中黑色素合成相关蛋白的研究发现,2种化合物对酪氨酸酶蛋白（TYR）、酪氨酸酶家族相关蛋白（TRP-1和TRP-2）以及α-促黑色素激素（α-MSH）的表达量均起上调作用.综上所述,该化合物有望提供一种有效治疗酪氨酸酶失调的新方法.国家自然科学基金(31571896

Detection of temperature with Optical fiber and Rare Earth-Doped Materials Based on the Fluorescence Intensity Ratio Technique

光纤温度传感器以其精度高、传感范围宽、不受电磁干扰等优点，已广泛应用于智能电网、生物医疗、石油化工、工业微波、电源管理和军事国防等领域。特别地，利用纯光学原理进行参数测量的荧光光纤温度传感器具有传统传感技术所无法比拟的优势而受到越来越多研究人员的关注。虽然市场上一些荧光光纤温度传感器已经实现小批量生产，但随着应用领域的不断扩展，性能优越的荧光材料不断涌现，传感器的设计面临着新的机遇与挑战。 本文将理论研究与实验相结合，采用荧光强度比技术对上转换荧光粉、稀土掺杂光纤、白光用LED荧光粉这三类稀土荧光材料的光纤温度传感器的光路设计、探头制备、温度特性、稳定性验证等相关问题，深入系统地开展了研究。...Optical fiber temperature sensor with its advantages such as high precision, wide sensing range, anti-interference in electromagnetism, have been widely used in the field of smart grid, bio-medical, petrochemical, industrial microwave, power management and military defense, etc. In particular, fluorescence optical fiber temperature sensor using pure optically principle for parameter measurement wh...学位：工学硕士院系专业：信息科学与技术学院电子工程系_电子与通信工程学号：2312009115267