Comparison of efficacy Ephedrine and phenylephrine in Postoperative Vomiting in Cesarean section

Introduce: Postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) still is the most big problem event encountered in the PACU (Post Anesthesia Care Unit), despite advances in prevention and treatment. The incidence of PONV has remained high and has a major negative impact on patient satisfaction about the overall surgical experience. Method: In double-blind, clinical trial, 104 patients were undergoing cesarean section was randomizing into two groups: Group P (100μg Phenylephrine) and Group E (6μg Ephedrine). We compared the Vomiting parameters between the two groups. Result: Patients in the recovery were compared in 2 groups regarding occurrence of vomiting that no statistical difference between two group (P >0.05). The results show that vomiting was seen in ASA1, and in ASA2 no vomiting was observed. The incidence of vomiting was 2 patients in young group and 1 patient in middle-aged group. The incidence of vomiting was 2 patients in slim group, 1 in moderate group and no sign of vomiting has been seen in the obese group. Conclusion: We conclude that ephedrine is the best drug for antiemetic prophylaxis before cesarean surgery based on cost and lack of side effects

The Increased Incidence of Nausea and Vomiting Due to Anxiety in Paclitaxel Carboplatin Chemotherapy in a 48 Years Old Female Patient with Cervical Cancer: a Case Report

Nausea and vomiting was the frequently side effects in chemotherapy.Uncontrolled nausea and vomiting can cause weakened body condition, reduced appetite and drinking, dehydration, electrolyte disturbances, reduced nutritional status so the patient refused to undergo further chemotherapy. Anxiety is one of the factors that increase the risk of nausea and vomiting. We reported the case of the woman 48 years old, height 150 cm, weight 51 kg, occupation housewife, diagnosed non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma cervical cancer stage-IIB and received paclitaxel carboplatin for three cycles of chemotherapy. She experienced anxiety, acute nausea vomiting on the third cycle of chemotherapy and delayed nausea and vomiting of the three cycles of chemotherapy

PREVALENSI KEJADIAN PONV PADA PEMBERIAN MORFIN SEBAGAI ANALGETIK PASCA OPERASI PENDERITA TUMOR PAYUDARA DENGAN ANESTESI UMUM DI RSUP DR. KARIADI SEMARANG

Background Morphine is the most abundant analgesic which commonly used for post mastectomy’s pain reliever. Altough, it is potentially cause the adverse effect such as nausea and vomiting. Aim To determine the nausea and vomiting experience on patient who received morphine for post mastectomy’s pain reliever. Methods This study was descriptive observational. The patient undergoing mastectomy surgery who received morphine as post operative pain reliever at the Central of Surgery Instalation and Ward in dr. Kariadi Hospital, Semarang from July 1st to December 31st 2014. The data was taken from patient’s medical record. Results There were 40 patients received morphine as post mastectomy analgetic surgery on July 1st to December 31st 2014. After taking morphine as post mastectomy analgetic, 26 patients have had experienced PONV in 24hours. On the beginning (0 hour after surgery), 12 patient (30%) were having nausea and vomiting. On 6 hours after surgery, 17 patient (42,5%) were having nausea and vomiting. On 12 hours after surgery, 13 patient (32,5%) were having nausea and vomiting. On 24 hours after surgery, 1 patient (2,5%) were having nausea and vomiting. Conclusion It was about 65% that morphine may cause PONV effects in 24hours with PONV’s score 0 and 1. Keywords: morphine, nausea and vomiting post mastectom

On the Behavior of the Respiratory Muscles During Vomiting

In order to produce vomiting in the dogs decerebrated and unanesthetized, apomorphine or copper sulfate was administered. The behaviors of both the inspiratory and the expiratory muscles were studied through the course of the act of vomiting by the electromyographic technique. The results are summarized as follows: (1) The most significant signs of vomiting seems to be the recurrent vomiting volleys from the vomiting center each of which is produced abruptly and transiently. (2) The peculiarities of the vomitng volley consist in the simultaneous discharges of both the inspiratory and the expiratory muscles, resulting in the so-called retching movement. (3) The vomiting volleys, in their rhythm, seem to arise independent of the respiratory center, but the former are capable of affecting the respiratory centers at any respiratory phase. (4) The acceleration of the breathings observed prior to the retching seems to be due to the invigorated activity of the respiratory centers affected directly by the administration of the vomiting agents without an intermediate step by the vomiting centers. (5) The simultaneous contraction of the diaphragm and the abdominal muscles are merely a component of a peculiar type of the respiratory movements, namely, that of the retching. (6) The glottis muscles are, however, ruled out from the principle described in (2): the closer of the glottis muscles contracts during the retching, while the opener is completely inhibited.</p

To evaluate the effects of acupressure by sea band on nausea and Vomiting of pregnancy

Abstract: Nausea and Vomiting are the most common disorders of digestive system in the pregnancy. This is a clinical intervention study. Main object was to evaluate the effects of acupressure in reducing the severity of nausea and vomiting in primigravida women. In this study 100 primigravida women with nausea and vomiting and gestationl age of 10-16 weeks were randomly selected and divided in two groups. 50 women in the acupressure group or control group and 50 women in the placebo group or cas group. Age, education, profession, BMI, gestational age, nausea and vomiting was matched both groups. Treatment in two groups was four days. In the acupressure group sea bands were placed on neiguan point on hands but in placebo group sea bands were placed on extra neiguan point on hands. there were not significant different in the severity of nausea and frequency of vomiting before treatment in two groups. Severity of nausea and frequency of vomiting decreased significantly after treatment in Acupressure group. This study showed that the acupressure (by sea-bands that is free of side effects and more economical) are effective in reducing severity of nausea and frequency of vomiting in pregnancy. [Sima khavandizadeh Aghdam and Rafat kazemzadeh. To evaluate the effects of acupressure by sea band on nausea and Vomiting of pregnancy.

Vestibular-induced vomiting after vestibulocerebellar lesions

Vestibular stimulation, by sinusoidal electrical polarization of the labyrinths of decerebrate cats which can produce vomiting and related activity which resembles motion sickness was examined. The symptoms include panting, salivation, swallowing, and retching as well as vomiting. These symptoms can be produced in cats with lesions of the posterior cerebellar vermis. It is suggested that a transcerebellar pathway from the vestibular apparatus through the nodulus and uvula to the vomiting center is not essential for vestibular induced vomiting and the occurrence of many symptoms of motion

Adrenal insufficiency caused by bilateral adrenal metastases - a rare treatable cause for recurrent nausea and vomiting in metastatic breast cancer

Background: Nausea and vomiting are common symptoms in patients with malignant disease. Several, sometimes rare causes have to be considered to decide the right treatment. Case Report: We report of a patient suffering from advanced breast cancer and complaining of severe nausea and vomiting over several weeks without any successful treatment. Later on, she developed marked hyperpigmentation of the skin and hypo-osmolar dehydration. Adrenal enlargement was noted in an abdominal scan. The suspected diagnosis of primary adrenocortical insufficiency due to metastases was confirmed by laboratory tests. After replacement therapy with hydrocortisone and fludrocortisone, the general condition of the patient improved dramatically and the symptoms of nausea and vomiting disappeared completely. Conclusion: If a patient with advanced cancer presents with unexplained and protracted nausea, vomiting and weakness, particularly if accompanied by hyponatremia and normal potassium levels, adrenal insufficiency due to adrenal metastases should be considered

Vomiting Center reanalyzed: An electrical stimulation study

Electrical stimulation of the brainstem of 15 decerebrate cats produced stimulus-bound vomiting in only 4 animals. Vomiting was reproducible in only one cat. Effective stimulating sites were located in the solitary tract and reticular formation. Restricted localization of a vomiting center, stimulation of which evoked readily reproducible results, could not be obtained

Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP) is not just 'Morning Sickness' : data from a prospective cohort study

Background: Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy is usually called ‘morning sickness’. This is felt by sufferers to trivialise the condition. Symptoms have been described as occurring both before and after noon, but daily symptom patterns have not been clearly described and statistically modelled to enable the term ‘morning sickness’ to be accurately analysed. Aim: To describe the daily variation in nausea and vomiting symptoms during early pregnancy in a group of sufferers. Design and setting: A prospective cohort study of females recruited from 15 May 2014 to 17 February 2017 by Swiss Precision Diagnostics (SPD) Development Company Limited, which was researching hormone levels in early pregnancy and extended its study to include the description of pregnancy symptoms. Method: Daily symptom diaries of nausea and vomiting were kept by females who were trying to conceive. They also provided daily urine samples, which when analysed enabled the date of ovulation to be determined. Data from 256 females who conceived during the first month of the study are included in this article. Daily symptom patterns and changes in daily patterns by week of pregnancy were modelled. Functional data analysis was used to produce estimated symptom probability functions. Results: There was a peak probability of nausea in the morning, a lower but sustained probability of nausea throughout the day, and a slight peak in the evening. Vomiting had a defined peak incidence in the morning. Conclusion: Referring to nausea and vomiting in pregnancy as simply ‘morning sickness’ is inaccurate, simplistic, and therefore unhelpful

Efficacy of metoclopramide and dexamethasone for postoperative nausea and vomiting: a double-blind clinical trial

Postoperative nausea and vomiting are common complications of anaesthesia. This double-blind clinical trial assessed the incidence of nausea and vomiting after cataract surgery with intravenous anaesthesia in 100 patients randomly assigned to preinduction placebo (saline), metoclopramide (10 mg), dexamethasone (8 mg) or the 2 drugs combined. The incidence of nausea in the recovery room was 44% with placebo, 20% with metoclopramide, 16% with dexamethasone and 8% with the combination. The incidence of vomiting was 20%, 4%, 4% and 0% respectively in the 4 groups. Metoclopramide plus dexamethasone combination significantly decreased nausea and vomiting both in the recovery room and 24 hours afterwards and is recommended for high-risk groups especially in outpatient surgeries