Residents’ Perception of the Affordability of Private Housing Schemes: Lessons from Aden, Yemen

AbstractOver decades, the housing sector in Yemen has suffered from housing supply shortages and the inability to meet the households’ housing demands. Since the Unification of Northern and Southern territories of Yemen in the 1990s, the issue of housing affordability has become a major concern in the growing urban sectors of the Yemeni cities including Aden. While, before Unification, the people in Aden have utilized public welfare housing where only they paid a nominal rent for their housing. The people were unaccustomed to a home purchase. After Unification, however the government has discontinued the welfare housing system, and the private sector has dominated the market for the housing service provision. This paper aims to investigate the residents’ perception of the affordability of housing provided by the private sector, and the extent to which the private housing schemes are able to meet the housing needs of Aden (the economic and commercial capital of Yemen) population. A questionnaire survey was conducted. The sample of the study was 369 of resident's respondents. The results of the study showed that the housing cost in Aden was beyond the reach of the majority of the population and that most families in Aden were financially incapable of purchasing the private houses without credit availability. It also showed that the majority of the respondents in both projects assisted that their housing condition is inadequate in quality. The study recommends that efforts should be undertaken by the local housing authority to facilitate financial support to potential home buyers of low-cost housing projects as well as enforcing more flexible house purchase mechanism for the benefit of the people. On the supply side, it is also important for the housing developers to enhance their performance level during the housing construction stages. More concerted efforts are necessary to resolve Aden housing problems in the long term

The Extension of British Influence in and Around the Gulf of Aden, 1865-1905.

In 1865, Aden was an insecure, undervalued, Indian outpost. Non-intervention in Yemeni affairs was official policy. British influence inland was non-existent; and in the Gulf of Aden it was declining. By 1905 Aden was a major Imperial base, an international trading, shipping and telegraphic centre; and its population had doubled, Britain dominated the Gulf of Aden. In 1866-67 Resident W. Merewether disregarded official policy and destroyed Fadhli tribal power. This benefitted Aden and the Abdali chiefs. The Abdalis expanded their territory and influence, as British client Britain purchased the Little Aden peninsula; and, when the Ottoman reoccupation of Yemen threatened the Abdalis, British pressure enforced an Ottoman withdrawals Strategic British requirements dictated the acquisition of more Abdali territory, in 1882, and agreements with Arabian coastal chiefs, between 1876 and 1888. By the acquisition of British Somaliland (1884-88) foreign bases were virtually excluded from the Gulf of Aden. Official British policy in the Yemen interior from 1886 vas to allow the reoccupation of the 'Amiri' area by the Ottomans, but successive Residents supported the Amir against Ottoman pressure. During the Boundary Commission (1902 - 1905), Aden officials circumvented their conciliatory India Office instructions, and with Lord Curzon's support and the Ambassador's co-operation at Constantinople, the Cabinet was bamboozled into an expansionist policy. The Ottomans were bullied into surrendering territory, British expansion, notably between 1865 and 1888, was a triumph of character by the limited Residency staff over adverse circumstances, with occasional timely naval visits. It owed much to three Britons and one Persian-Arab. The acquisition of Somaliland was the personal achievement of Major F. M. Hunter

Brachyuran crabs of the Yemeni coastal waters (Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea and Socotra Isands)

The present study examined 2287 brachyuran crab specimens collected in Yemen and material from previous collections partially stored in museums. The specimens were collected from 58 sites along the Yemeni coastal waters at Red Sea, Gulf of Aden, Arabian Sea and Socotra Islands. They were collected from different habitats ranging from sandy shore to mangrove flats and rocky habitats, including different depth zones from the supralittoral zone to 300 m water depth. The present study obtained the first CO1 sequences in the region for 95 brachyuran specimens that were collected from Gulf of Aden

Teaching Notes for CHAPTER 2: The Road to Good Intentions: British Nation-building in Aden

Teaching Notes for The Road to Good Intentions: British Nation-building in Aden, by Scott Smitson. Despite well over a century of colonial influence in South Arabia, the British government failed to create a lasting and effective constitutional construct. Challenges included addressing the myriad of issues inherent when trying to introduce democratic institutions in an area that had little to no experience with democratic norms and ideas concurrent with western perceptions of modern states. Culminating in the Aden Emergency of 1964–1967, the British efforts to disengage from its former colonial territory in a preplanned manner transformed into a complex operation that faced considerable obstacles: the Cold War, Pan-Arabism, and midcentury decolonialization. The Aden Emergency was the denouement of a decades-long British endeavor to combine diplomatic efforts, military training, and economic development in an attempt to create a stable country for eventual inclusion in the British Commonwealth. During this time period, the British had to contend with two competing insurgency forces, the Egyptian-supported National Liberation Front, as well as the Front for the Liberation of Occupied South Yemen. Despite tactical and operational success in the Aden Emergency, British -military forces were never able completely to defeat the insurgency, compounded by the fact that the British-trained Aden Army eventually mutinied against the British. The British government soon left Aden earlier than the planned withdrawal date of 1968, instead leaving in 1967, failing to establish a sustainable, democratic political regime, or create lasting political institutions, in the colony of Aden and the Aden Protectorate

Perception of community pharmacy personnel towards patient counseling and continuing pharmacy education programs in Aden, Yemen

© 2018, Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. All rights reserved. Introduction: Patient counseling is a major component of pharmaceutical care, especially in community pharmacy settings. However, most community pharmacists still do not offer patient-oriented services. Despite the beneficial role of community pharmacists, research examining their roles and responsibilities in developing countries like Yemen is lacking. Aim: To assess the community pharmacy personnel’s perceptions towards patient counseling and to recognise the major barriers to successful counseling; and to assess their perception towards continuing pharmacy education programs in Aden. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted among 200 community pharmacy personnel in Aden using a self-administered, structured questionnaire. Data were collected regarding community pharmacy personnel’s knowledge, attitude, and their perception about patients’ attitude concerning patient counseling and respondents’ attitude toward the continuing pharmacy education. Results: The majority of the respondents had a positive attitude towards patient counseling (85%) and continuing pharmacy education (94.0%); dose and frequency (43.0%), duration (34.0%) and indication (11.5%) were the major information mentioned while counseling their patients. Lack of patient interest (47.0%), lack of knowledge (20.0%) and lack of time (15.5%) were the major barriers towards counseling. Conclusion: The present study showed that most community pharmacy personnel in Aden, Yemen had a positive perception towords patient counseling and continuing pharmacy education program

A Study Of The Traditional Characteristics Of Yemeni Houses In The Port City Of Aden And Mukalla : Perception Of Architects And Students [NA7115.3. B614 2007 f rb].

Penyelidikan ini cuba untuk memperkenalkan semula ciri-ciri rumah tradisional di kawasan bandar pelabuhan Aden dan Mukalla di Yemen. Kajian ini bertujuan menyiasat sudut pandangan responden dalam usaha untuk memberikan gambaran rumah-rumah, kriteria seni bina, ciri-ciri tersendiri dan tanggapan masa hadapan dalam pembangunan. The research attempts to study the characteristics of traditional houses in the port city area of Aden and Mukalla in Yemen. This involves a study on a perception of architects and students. The study intends to investigate the respondent’s viewpoints, the level of willingness, level of preference and satisfaction in order to provide a description of the houses, architectural criteria, distinctive features and future conceptions for development

Im Jemen gestrandet - Flüchtlingsdrama im Golf von Aden

Diese Diplomarbeit mit dem Titel „Im Jemen gestrandet – Flüchtlingsdrama im Golf von Aden: Untersuchungen zur Flüchtlingssituation in einem der ärmsten Länder der Welt“ behandelt die Lebenssituation somalischer Flüchtlinge im Jemen und die Herausforderungen, die sich durch die hohen Flüchtlingszahlen für den jemenitischen Staat ergeben. Um einen Überblick über die Lage in Somalia zu verschaffen und Gründe für die Flucht verständlich zu machen, werden im ersten Teil der Arbeit historische Entwicklungen des 20.Jahrhunderts sowie aktuelle Geschehnisse behandelt. In Folge wird auch ein zeitgeschichtlicher Überblick über den Jemen gegeben, um aktuelle Probleme und Krisen des Landes aufzuzeigen. Im zweiten Teil werden rechtliche Grundlagen zum Schutz von Flüchtlingen, insbesondere die Genfer Flüchtlingskonvention, zusammengefasst und wichtige Begriffe erläutert. In diesem Zusammenhang wird auch ein Einblick in die allgemeinen Tätigkeiten des UNHCR verschafft. Anschließend wird die Ausgangslage der somalischen Bootsflüchtlinge, insbesondere in der Hafenstadt Bossaso, sowie die Bootsfahrt mit Hilfe von Schleppern über den Golf von Aden dargestellt und anhand von Zahlen und Statistiken verdeutlicht. Um einen Überblick über Hilfsprojekte direkt vor Ort, sowohl in Somalia als auch im Jemen, zu ermöglichen, werden an dieser Stelle die spezifischen Projekte des UNHCR sowie die seiner Partner zusammengefasst. Der Hauptteil der Arbeit basiert zum größten Teil auf den Recherchen meiner Forschungsreise nach Aden und ≠anʿ ā' im Februar 2010, in deren Verlauf ich die Möglichkeit zu zahlreichen Interviews hatte, welche deutlich die unterschiedlichen Sichtweisen der Flüchtlingsproblematik zeigen. Ergänzend dazu folgt eine Darstellung der Auswirkungen der momentan angespannten Sicherheitslage auf die Situation der Flüchtlingsbevölkerung im Jemen. Der letzte Teil beschäftigt sich mit Plänen und Aussichten für die Zukunft, diese werden anhand von Beispielen verschiedener Hilfsprojekte zur Unterstützung des Jemen dargestellt. Abschließend wird die Rezeption der Flüchtlingsproblematik in den jemenitischen Medien behandelt. Ein Interview mit Nadia al-Saqqaf, der Chefredakteurin der Yemen Times, zeigt die Möglichkeiten der Presse im Jemen zur Berichterstattung über die Flüchtlingsproblematik, welche sie aus einer relativ objektiven Perspektive betrachtet.The thesis „Stranded in Yemen: Refugee drama in the Gulf of Aden – Research on the refugee situation in one of the poorest countries of the world” analyses the living conditions of Somali refugees in Yemen, as well as the challenges the Yemeni state is facing in context of the huge numbers of refugees arriving from the Horn of Africa. The first part provides an overview of Yemen´s and Somalia´s history, especially of the 20th century, in order to show the developments which are responsible for the current problems, and also in order to understand why there are so many Somali refugees leaving their homeland. The following part discusses the legal background of refugee protection, according to international law, especially the Geneva Conventions, and defines important concepts and terms. In this context the paper also gives an overview of UNHCR´s activities in general. The thesis continues with a description of the refugees´ initial situation in Somalia, especially in the port city Bossaso, before they get on their dangerous boat journey to Yemen with the help of smugglers. – Statistics and figures show the huge dimension of these refugee flows. The next chapter provides an insight into current relief projects, especially projects organized by the UNHCR and its partners, dealing with the refugee situation both in Somalia and in Yemen. The main part of this thesis is based on field research carried out during my trip to Aden and ≠anʿ ā' in February 2010. This chapter includes many photographs as well as interviews, which show very clearly the different points of view regarding the refugee situation in the country. In an additional chapter I try to show the consequences of the deteriorating security situation for the precarious living conditions of refugees in Yemen. The final part provides an overview of prospects and plans for the future to help Yemen to find possible solutions to improve the situation of the Yemeni population as well as the refugee population. The last chapter discusses the presence and the awareness of the refugee situation in the Yemeni media, and an interview with the chief editor of Yemen Times concludes the paper

Factors influencing intention to share knowledge among academic staff in Aden University Yemen

Knowledge has become a basic component of economic and social growth in developing countries. In this context, Yemen is one of the emerging countries that shows an increased interest in sustainable economic growth, as well as the ability of society to create, choose, and adapt the new world economy which is based on the knowledge. Therefore, intention to share knowledge is seen as one of the important sources to introduce rudimentary changes in the educational systems in Yemen. This study explored the effects of attitude, social network, organizational support as predictors of intention to share knowledge to enhance academic staff effectiveness at Aden University in Yemen. Theory of reasoned action (TRA) and social capital theory (SCT) have been used to investigate intention to share knowledge among the academic staff in Social Science Colleges at Aden University. The study used a quantitative method through survey instrument and 111 usable questionnaires were collected from academic staff of Aden University. SPSS software was employed to analyse the data. Results showed support relationship between attitude, social network, and intention to share knowledge. Whereas, the relationship between organizational support, and intention to share knowledge was not supported. The results of this study offer a link to its useful applications, the study also useful and has importance for policy makers, and academicians, specifically, for the Academic Staff in order to improve sharing knowledge. Besides, it includes limitations for future studies to enhance intention to share knowledge in Yemen universities

COVID-19 Pandemic and Endemic Febrile Illnesses: The Dilemma of Exclusion and Diagnosis with Limited Capacities in Aden, Yemen

Background: In the beginning of May 2020, Aden was living a state of catastrophic events with the spread of COVID-19 pandemic with accompanying heavy raining season leading to increase of unexpected fever cases. Despite the limited diagnostic capacity, data on causes and trends of febrile illness can be valuable indicators of the causes and trends of fever problems in Aden at the time of COVID-19 pandemic. Objective: to analyze the available data on febrile illness reported in the “Cuban-Yemeni Hospital” in Aden during May-June 2020. Methods: This is a retrospective review of the available data from the hospital registry. Results: Out of 7385 febrile patients, there were 1208 confirmed Malaria cases (16.4%), 1786 clinically diagnosed Dengue cases (23.3%), 1855 clinically diagnosed Chikungunya (25%), 2023 cases of respiratory tract infections-RTI (26.6%) and only 613 probable COVID-19 cases (8.4%). The total deaths in this period was 63, most of them died due to respiratory problems. Conclusions: Malaria is  a problem of serious concern in Aden as 16% of fever in this study were confirmed by laboratory testing while Dengue and Chikungunya were reported frequently but the diagnosis is still based on clinical grounds. As the diagnostic capacity for COVID-19 was limited, the available data underestimated the COVID-19 problem. Keywords: COVID-19, Dengue, Chikungunya, Malaria, Fever, Aden, Yemen. DOI: 10.7176/JHMN/77-01 Publication date:July 31st 202