2,072 research outputs found
Orbit decomposition of Jordan matrix algebras of order three under the automorphism groups
The orbit decomposition is given under the automorphism group on the real
split Jordan algebra of all hermitian matrices of order three corresponding to
any real split composition algebra, or the automorphism group on the
complexification, explicitly, in terms of the cross product of H. Freudenthal
and the characteristic polynomial.Comment: v2, 32 pages, presentation improved, minor errors corrected, and the
title changed as appeared in J. Math. Sci. Univ. Toky
The explanation of the deformed Schild string
The author comments on [1]. One of the deformed actions can express the
Neveu-Schwarz-Ramond superstring under three gauge conditions. One of these
depends on a matrix induced by the string coordinate.Comment: 6 page
Statistical Mechanics of Self--Gravitating System : Cluster Expansion Method
We study statistical mechanics of the self--gravitating system applying the
cluster expansion method developed in solid state physics. By summing infinite
series of diagrams, we derive a complex free energy whose imaginary part is
related to the relaxation time of the system. Summation of another series
yields two--point correlation function whose correlation length is essentially
given by the Jeans wavelength of the system.Comment: 4 pages including 2 eps figures, RevTe
Cosmic structures via Bose Einstein condensation and its collapse
We develop our novel model of cosmology based on the Bose-Einstein
condensation. This model unifies the Dark Energy and the Dark Matter, and
predicts multiple collapse of condensation, followed by the final acceleration
regime of cosmic expansion. We first explore the generality of this model,
especially the constraints on the boson mass and condensation conditions. We
further argue the robustness of this model over the wide range of parameters of
mass, self coupling constant and the condensation rate. Then the dynamics of
BEC collapse and the preferred scale of the collapse are studied. Finally, we
describe possible observational tests of our model, especially, the periodicity
of the collapses and the gravitational wave associated with them.Comment: 21 pages, 5 figure
Large-scale mapping observations of the CI(3P1-3P0) and CO(J=3-2) lines toward the Orion A molecular cloud
Large scale mapping observations of the 3P1-3P0 fine structure transition of
atomic carbon (CI, 492 GHz) and the J=3-2 transition of CO (346 GHz) toward the
Orion A molecular cloud have been carried out with the Mt. Fuji
submillimeter-wave telescope. The observations cover 9 square degrees, and
include the Orion nebula M42 and the L1641 dark cloud complex. The CI emission
extends over almost the entire region of the Orion A cloud and is surprisingly
similar to that of 13CO(J=1-0).The CO(J=3-2) emission shows a more featureless
and extended distribution than CI.The CI/CO(J=3-2) integrated intensity ratio
shows a spatial gradient running from the north (0.10) to the south (1.2) of
the Orion A cloud, which we interpret as a consequence of the temperature
gradient. On the other hand, the CI/13CO(J=1-0) intensity ratio shows no
systematic gradient. We have found a good correlation between the CI and
13CO(J=1-0) intensities over the Orion A cloud. This result is discussed on the
basis of photodissociation region models.Comment: Text file is 13 pages long, and 3 figure files (pdf format). NRO
Report No. 508 (1999). University of Tokyo, Resceu 41/9
Swarm-Oscillators
Nonlinear coupling between inter- and intra-element dynamics appears as a
collective behaviour of elements. The elements in this paper denote symptoms
such as a bacterium having an internal network of genes and proteins, a
reactive droplet, a neuron in networks, etc. In order to elucidate the
capability of such systems, a simple and reasonable model is derived. This
model exhibits the rich patterns of systems such as cell membrane, cell fusion,
cell growing, cell division, firework, branch, and clustered clusters
(self-organized hierarchical structure, modular network). This model is
extremely simple yet powerful; therefore, it is expected to impact several
disciplines.Comment: 9 pages, 4 figure
Unambiguous pure state identification without classical knowledge
We study how to unambiguously identify a given quantum pure state with one of
the two reference pure states when no classical knowledge on the reference
states is given but a certain number of copies of each reference quantum state
are presented. By the unambiguous identification, we mean that we are not
allowed to make a mistake but our measurement can produce an inconclusive
result. Assuming the two reference states are independently distributed over
the whole pure state space in a unitary invariant way, we determine the optimal
mean success probability for an arbitrary number of copies of the reference
states and a general dimension of the state space. It is explicitly shown that
the obtained optimal mean success probability asymptotically approaches that of
the unambiguous discrimination as the number of the copies of the reference
states increases.Comment: v3: 8 pages, minor corrections, journal versio
Analytical formula for numerical evaluations of the Wigner rotation matrices at high spins
The Wigner d function, which is the essential part of an irreducible
representation of SU(2) and SO(3) parameterized with Euler angles, has been
know to suffer from a serious numerical errors at high spins, if it is
calculated by means of the Wigner formula as a polynomial of cos and sin of
half of the second Euler angle. This paper shows a way to avoid this problem by
expressing the d functions as the Fourier series of the half angle. A precise
numerical table of the coefficients of the series is obtainable from a web
site.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figure
Complete solution for unambiguous discrimination of three pure states with real inner products
Complete solutions are given in a closed analytic form for unambiguous
discrimination of three general pure states with real mutual inner products.
For this purpose, we first establish some general results on unambiguous
discrimination of n linearly independent pure states. The uniqueness of
solution is proved. The condition under which the problem is reduced to an
(n-1)-state problem is clarified. After giving the solution for three pure
states with real mutual inner products, we examine some difficulties in
extending our method to the case of complex inner products. There is a class of
set of three pure states with complex inner products for which we obtain an
analytical solution.Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, presentation improved, reference adde
A Reversibility Parameter for a Markovian Stepper
Recent experimental studies on the stepwize motion of biological molecular
motors have revealed that the ``characteristic distance'' of a step is usually
less than the actual step size. This observation implies that the
detailed-balance condition for kinetic rates of steps is violated in these
motors. In this letter, in order to clarify the significance of the
characteristic distance, we study a Langevin model of a molecular motor with a
hidden degree of freedom. We find that the ratio of the characteristic distance
to the step size is equal to unity if the dominant paths in the state space are
one dimensional, while it deviates from unity if the dominant paths are
branched. Therefore, this parameter can be utilized to determine the
reversibility of a motor even under a restricted observation.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figures - minor revision
- …