5,332 research outputs found
Physiological Mechanisms Underlying Motion-Induced Blindness
Visual disappearance illusions - such as motion-induced blindness (MIB) - are commonly used to study the neural underpinnings of visual perception. In such illusions a salient visual target becomes perceptually invisible. Previous studies are inconsistent regarding the role of primary visual cortex (V1) in these illusions. Here we provide physiological and psychophysical evidence supporting a role for V1 in generating MIB
Loss of Visually Driven Synaptic Responses in Layer 4 Regular-Spiking Neurons of Rat Visual Cortex in Absence of Competing Inputs
Monocular deprivation (MD) during development shifts the ocular preference of primary visual cortex (V1) neurons by depressing closed-eye responses and potentiating open-eye responses. As these 2 p ..
Highly corrupted image inpainting through hypoelliptic diffusion
We present a new image inpainting algorithm, the Averaging and Hypoelliptic
Evolution (AHE) algorithm, inspired by the one presented in [SIAM J. Imaging
Sci., vol. 7, no. 2, pp. 669--695, 2014] and based upon a semi-discrete
variation of the Citti-Petitot-Sarti model of the primary visual cortex V1. The
AHE algorithm is based on a suitable combination of sub-Riemannian hypoelliptic
diffusion and ad-hoc local averaging techniques. In particular, we focus on
reconstructing highly corrupted images (i.e. where more than the 80% of the
image is missing), for which we obtain reconstructions comparable with the
state-of-the-art.Comment: 15 pages, 10 figure
Cortical Maps: Where Theory Meets Experiments
Primary visual cortex (V1) has remarkably systematic functional maps. One commonly used class of computational models proposes that such maps are generated by a mechanism that projects the multiple dimensions of neuronal responses smoothly onto the two dimensions of cortex. In this issue of Neuron, Mriganka Sur and colleagues find a close match between such model predictions and measurements from ferret V1
The human primary visual cortex (V1) encodes the perceived position of static but not moving objects
Brain activity in retinotopic cortex reflects illusory changes in stimulus position. Is this neural signature a general code for apparent position? Here we show that responses in primary visual cortex (V1) are consistent with perception of the Muller-Lyer illusion; however, we found no such signature for another striking illusion, the curveball effect. This demonstrates that V1 does not encode apparent position per se
Adaptive Scales of Spatial Integration and Response Latencies in a Critically-Balanced Model of the Primary Visual Cortex
The brain processes visual inputs having structure over a large range of
spatial scales. The precise mechanisms or algorithms used by the brain to
achieve this feat are largely unknown and an open problem in visual
neuroscience. In particular, the spatial extent in visual space over which
primary visual cortex (V1) performs evidence integration has been shown to
change as a function of contrast and other visual parameters, thus adapting
scale in visual space in an input-dependent manner. We demonstrate that a
simple dynamical mechanism---dynamical criticality---can simultaneously account
for the well-documented input-dependence characteristics of three properties of
V1: scales of integration in visuotopic space, extents of lateral integration
on the cortical surface, and response latencies
Stimulus predictability reduces responses in primary visual cortex
In this functional magnetic resonance imaging study we tested whether the predictability of stimuli affects responses in primary visual cortex (V1). The results of this study indicate that visual stimuli evoke smaller responses in V1 when their onset or motion direction can be predicted from the dynamics of surrounding illusory motion. We conclude from this finding that the human brain anticipates forthcoming sensory input that allows predictable visual stimuli to be processed with less neural activation at early stages of cortical processing
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