Photovoltaic System Implementation in Baltra and Puerto Ayora Islands

In the research, an analysis of the impact of the photovoltaic systems installed in two islands of the Galápagos archipelago is made. In this sense, a series of calculations has been used to find the significant values that have allowed us to choose the specific devices for this project. A modeling study was analyzed to quantify the total energy of the system, the number of possible modules to be installed, the amount of energy to be stored according to the type of batteries and the ampere-hour (Ah) that the regulation set must support of the electric current. The socio-economic and environmental impact of the system on Baltra Island was assessed with an example and estimations to make it explicit, the results of the surveys used are shown through which the most significant results were exposed, exposing that the photovoltaic systems in stage of implantation do not affect the environment, flora and fauna, its greatest impact is in the use of land

Stand-alone flat-plate photovoltaic power systems: System sizing and life-cycle costing methodology for Federal agencies

A simple methodology to estimate photovoltaic system size and life-cycle costs in stand-alone applications is presented. It is designed to assist engineers at Government agencies in determining the feasibility of using small stand-alone photovoltaic systems to supply ac or dc power to the load. Photovoltaic system design considerations are presented as well as the equations for sizing the flat-plate array and the battery storage to meet the required load. Cost effectiveness of a candidate photovoltaic system is based on comparison with the life-cycle cost of alternative systems. Examples of alternative systems addressed are batteries, diesel generators, the utility grid, and other renewable energy systems

Photovoltaic System Implementation in Baltra and Puerto Ayora Islands

In the research, an analysis of the impact of the photovoltaic systems installed in two islands of the Galápagos archipelago is made. In this sense, a series of calculations has been used to find the significant values that have allowed us to choose the specific devices for this project. A modeling study was analyzed to quantify the total energy of the system, the number of possible modules to be installed, the amount of energy to be stored according to the type of batteries and the ampere-hour (Ah) that the regulation set must support of the electric current. The socio-economic and environmental impact of the system on Baltra Island was assessed with an example and estimations to make it explicit, the results of the surveys used are shown through which the most significant results were exposed, exposing that the photovoltaic systems in stage of implantation do not affect the environment, flora and fauna, its greatest impact is in the use of land

Summary of photovoltaic system performance models

A detailed overview of photovoltaics (PV) performance modeling capabilities developed for analyzing PV system and component design and policy issues is provided. A set of 10 performance models are selected which span a representative range of capabilities from generalized first order calculations to highly specialized electrical network simulations. A set of performance modeling topics and characteristics is defined and used to examine some of the major issues associated with photovoltaic performance modeling. Each of the models is described in the context of these topics and characteristics to assess its purpose, approach, and level of detail. The issues are discussed in terms of the range of model capabilities available and summarized in tabular form for quick reference. The models are grouped into categories to illustrate their purposes and perspectives

Cost per kWh produced and payback time of a PV -solar -thermal -combined roof top collector at different locations in New Zealand

[Abstract]: This study presents an economic evaluation of three types of solar applications: a) grid-connected photovoltaic system, b) grid-connected photovoltaic system combined with a solar water heating system and c) solar water heating system only. The operational data of an 1.3m2/120-litre tank evacuated tube solar thermal collector and the data of an average1kWp grid-connected crystalline photovoltaic solar generator are taken as a basis for the calculation. The annual amount of energy produced, the incurred cost and the resulting savings over the system lifetime are used to determine the cost per kWh and the payback time of the system at different geographic locations in New Zealand.. The analysis presented in this paper for a combined solar installation including a grid-connected photovoltaic system and a solar thermal unit at a typical domestic house has shown that such a system will present realizable benefits compared to simple grid-connected photovoltaic systems operated separately. The calculations demonstrate the shortest payback time and the lowest cost per kWh for the pure solar water heating system compared to the two other alternatives, the combined system and the sole GC-PV

The development of a resource-efficient photovoltaic system

This paper presents the measures taken in the demonstration of the photovoltaic case study developed within the European project ‘Towards zero waste in industrial networks’ (Zerowin), integrating the D4R (Design for recycling, repair, refurbishment and reuse) criteria at both system and industrial network level. The demonstration is divided into three phases. The first phase concerns the development of a D4R photovoltaic concept, the second phase focused on the development of a specific component of photovoltaic systems and the third phase was the demonstration of the D4R design in two complete photovoltaic systems (grid-connected and stand-alone). This paper includes a description of the installed photovoltaic systems, including a brief summary at component level of the lithium ion battery system and the D4R power conditioning system developed for the pilot installations. Additionally, industrial symbioses within the network associated with the photovoltaic systems and the production model for the network are described

Comparative health and safety assessment of the SPS and alternative electrical generation systems

A comparative analysis of health and safety risks is presented for the Satellite Power System and five alternative baseload electrical generation systems: a low-Btu coal gasification system with an open-cycle gas turbine combined with a steam topping cycle; a light water fission reactor system without fuel reprocessing; a liquid metal fast breeder fission reactor system; a central station terrestrial photovoltaic system; and a first generation fusion system with magnetic confinement. For comparison, risk from a decentralized roof-top photovoltaic system with battery storage is also evaluated. Quantified estimates of public and occupational risks within ranges of uncertainty were developed for each phase of the energy system. The potential significance of related major health and safety issues that remain unquantitied are also discussed

Photovoltaic system test facility electromagnetic interference measurements

Field strength measurements on a single row of panels indicates that the operational mode of the array as configured presents no radiated EMI problems. Only one relatively significant frequency band near 200 kHz showed any degree of intensity (9 muV/m including a background level of 5 muV/m). The level was measured very near the array (at 20 ft distance) while Federal Communications Commission (FCC) regulations limit spurious emissions to 15 muV/m at 1,000 ft. No field strength readings could be obtained even at 35 ft distant

Knowledge Does Not Fall Far from the Tree - A Case Study on the Diffusion of Solar Cells in Germany

The purpose of this paper is to illuminate the geographical diffusion of photovoltaic installations in Germany quantitatively and to test if preexisting photovoltaic systems stimulate further installations nearby; thus we investigate to which extent knowledge flows depend on geographic proximity. We develop an econometric model, which is discrete in time and space, but the level of geographical agglomeration is adjustable in arbitrarily small steps. We find that the probability to install a photovoltaic system dependents on the geographic proximity to agents, who have previously installed a photovoltaic system. In conclusion, our results confirm that knowledge exchange attenuates with distance.

Grid Tie Inverter in Photovoltaic System for Residential Application

This paper presents a grid tie inverter (GTI) in photovoltaic, PV system for residential application. The proposed GTI will be switched with a combination switching strategy of square wave and the sinusoidal pulse width modulation, SPWM. The combination switching strategy will be discussed and the performance of the inverter also will be simulated under grid tie condition in SIMULINK. Moreover, the strategy of sending power into the grid also will be discussed